﻿Vol. 6 1.] IN THE NORTH-STAFFORDSHIRE COAL-MEASURES. 503 



The fossils in the foregoing list were not indiscriminately mingled 

 together ; and one object of the examination of the outcrop of the 

 bed near Smallthorne was to ascertain the relations of the separate 

 fauual divisions, with the following result: — The upper layer con- 

 tained Lingula mytiloides and, very sparingly, Orhiculoidea riitida : 

 these forms being scattered through the dark -grey shale overlying 

 an earthy limestone, containing (according to Dr. W. Pollard) some 

 magnesia and ferrous carbonate. In this limestone, Chonetes lagues- 

 siana, Seminida ambigua, and Nucula gihbosa were the commonest 

 forms, and associated with them were Productus semireticulatus, 

 Pleuronautilus armatus, PI. costatus, EpMppioceras costatum, Ra- 

 fhistoma radians, and rarely Archceocidaris sp. It was in this 

 limestone that Mr. J. Pringle found Edestus trisey^ratus. 1 



In a thin, but highly-fossiliferous layer, underlying the above- 

 mentioned limestone, the following forms were abundant : — 

 Archceocidaris sp., Ctenodonta Icevirostris, Loxonema sp., Orthoceras 

 pygmams ; while associated with them in the shale were : — Pseud- 

 amusium fibrillosum, Nuculana acuta, Syncyclonema carboniferum, 

 TurboneUina, cf. formosa, and Bellerophon (Euphemus) Urei. At 

 the base of the marine bed Pterinopecten papyraceus and Posidoniella 

 sidcata were obtained in fair abundance. 



In the dark shale numbers of large ' bullions ' were found : they 

 were usually flattened in shape ; their specific gravity ranged from 

 2*79 to 2*82 ; and they were very fossiliferous, their surfaces reveal- 

 ing casts of goniatites. The following forms were found in these 

 bullions : — Pterinopecten papyraceus, Dimorphoceras Gilbertsoni, 

 Glyphioceras diadema, Listr acanthus Wardi, and Acanthodes Wardi. 



(4) The Florence Marine Bed below the Gin Mine. 



This horizon was discovered in driving a ' crut ' at the Florence 

 Colliery (19 in PI. XXXIV) in 1903, and its position is shown in 

 the following section : — 



Thickness in feet inches. 



Gin Mine ,. * 2 4 



Clay-shales and rock 15 fi 



Shale, with thin layers of rock ... 37 10 



Black bass 6 11 



Grey shale 6 6 (Marine bed.) 



Coal 10 



About three years ago, I saw a specimen of the above-mentioned 

 grey shale, crowded with Lingulce, which had been found in the Ash 

 Pit, Slippery Lane, Hanley (11 in PI. XXXIV); but, at that time, 

 its exact horizon could not be located. Owing to the imperfect light 

 afforded by safety-lamps, the search underground for these marine 

 horizons is very difficult, as there is actually no difference in colour, 

 hardness, texture, jointing, bedding, or fracture, between them 



1 E. T. Newton, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. Is (1904) pp. 1-8 & pi. i. 



