﻿Vol. 6l.] CONGLOMERATE IN THE TRANSVAAL. 689 



north than any previously met with. 1 These occur in the neigh- 

 bourhood of the junction of the Elands and Olifants Rivers, about 

 90 miles north of the latitude of Johannesburg. 



In this locality, the Glacial Conglomerate rests directly upon the 

 Red Granite, and varies in thickness from 30 feet downwards. It 

 is usually succeeded by about 3 feet of pale-grey shaly mudstones, 

 followed by a variable thickness of well-bedded horizontal sand- 

 stones and coarse grits, which, however, probably nowhere exceed 

 50 feet. These sandstones and grits are exactly similar to those 

 associated with the coal-seams of the High-Veld Series in the 

 district farther south. The Karroo Beds appear to have been here 

 deposited along an old valley in the Red Granite, corresponding 

 nearly with the present course of the Elands River. A few miles 

 farther north, patches of Karroo sandstones occur, without any 

 underlying Conglomerate. 



The coal-bearing rocks of Rhodesia appear to resemble the High- 

 Veld Series of the Transvaal, although no mention has as yet been 

 made of the occurrence in the former region of anything corre- 

 sponding to the Glacial Conglomerate. It appears, however, probable 

 that such a Conglomerate will be found, in some cases at least, to 

 underlie the rocks associated with the coal-seams in that portion 

 of South Africa. 



Discussion. 



The President said that anyone who felt doubtful as to the 

 glacial origin of the phenomena described, should examine the 

 beautiful photographs exhibited by the Author. The glaciation 

 was indisputable, but the explanation was not forthcoming, and 

 became more and more difficult as these deposits were traced farther 

 north. 



1 E. T. Mellor, ' Outliers of the Karroo System near the Junction of the 

 Elands & Olifants Rivers in the Transvaal' Trans. Geol. Soc. S. A. vol. vii 

 (1904) p. 133. 



