22 SALMON FISHERIES OF ALASKA. 



and several native villages are located at the mouths of these streams. Numerous 

 humpback salmon are found in all of them. At and near the Kodiak Packing Com- 

 pany's cannery, in Snug Harbor, two small creeks fall into the bay, both of which 

 were full of spawning humpback salmon. 



The following subjects were photographed in Alitak Bay : 



The Kodiak Packing Company's cannery and the fleet in the harbor; Alitak Nar- 

 rows from Snug Harbor and from the north end ; the entrance to Olga Bay and the 

 mountains of Olga Bay; the Salmon Eiver near the Arctic Packing Company's can- 

 nery ;,a salmon creek ; a group of natives ; and a view looking out of Snug Harbor. 



UYAK BAY. 

 (Plates xxv-xxvi and xxxviii.) 



Although a large and beautiful body of water, affording some fine harbors for the 

 vessels of the salmon fleet, to which they run for shelter from the severe storms that 

 drive them away from the open roadstead of Karluk, Uyak Bay has no streams con- 

 taining salmon which are at present commercially valuable except humpbacks. A 

 cannery belonging to the Arctic Packing Company is located in a cove forming part of 

 the west arm of this bay. Its supply of fish, however, is obtained from Karluk, 17J 

 miles distant. Numerous streams of small size empty into the bay from the surround- 

 ing mountains. Some of these make their exit into Uyak Bay over an elevation which 

 prevents the salmon from entering their mouths, but there are many streams abounding 

 in humpback salmon, which in the middle of August were spawning or spent. Certain 

 portions of the shores are suitable for seining, other portions are made up of bowlders 

 and sharp stones, many of them incrusted with barnacles, which make it difficult to 

 haul the seine. Alder, Cottonwood, and several species of willows are found on these 

 shores, and particularly around the portion called Larsen's Bay or Cove. 



Flowering plants and ferns occur also in great profusion. 



Around the wharves of the Arctic Packing Company cod, tomcod, herring, and 

 other fishes were very abundant, attracted by the refuse from the salmon splitting- 

 tables. 



Across the mountain from the Arctic Packing Company's cannery, a lake is found 

 which is full of fish, probably Dolly Varden Trout, according to the testimony of Mr. 

 Holmes. 



One of the most famous of the Humpback Salmon streams of this bay is the 

 one known as Alexander's Creek, upon which Mr. Booth has made the following 

 notes : ' 



"Directly south of and opposite to the Arctic Packing Company's cannery, in Lar- 

 sen's Cove, Uyak Bay, is a small creek which at the time of our visit was said to con- 

 tain more gorbuscha than auy other known salmon stream in Alaska. This creek is a 

 very short and narrow stream, rising in the high hills on the southern side of the bay 

 and plunging down for about a mile over a very steep slate bed until it reaches the 

 low land on the shores, where it widens out to about 25 feet wide, about a hundred 

 yards from the beach. There was barely enough water to allow the gorbuscha to 

 swim, especially at low tide, when, owing to the very gradually sloping beach and 

 great rise and fall of the tides, the creek separates into several channels. At low 

 tide the sea recedes about 300 yards. Its average rise and fall is about 18 feet. 



