26 FISH AND FISH-LIKE ANIMALS OF N.S.W., 



XXX. Family Clupeidab. 



A. Belly rounded, covered with ordinary scales. 



B- Dorsal before the ventrals; eye entirely protected by a thick transparent 

 membrane. Etrutneus (50). 



BB. Dorsal opposite the ventrals; eye partly exposed. Stolep/wrus (51). 



AA. Belly compressed, with a serrated edge of spiniform scales. 



C. Median scales before the dorsal fin spiniform, forming a serrated edge as 

 on the ventral profile. 



D. Ventral before the dorsal; marine. Hyperlophus (52). 

 DD. Ventral below the dorsal; fluviatile. Potaiualosa (53). 



CC. No spiniform scales on the back. 



E. Mouth terminal, larger, the jaws not forming a sharp angle at their 



symphyses; posterior dorsal ray not produced. 

 F. Operculum with several radiating grooves. Sardinia (54). 



FF. Operculum with only one groove near its anterior margin. 



Harengula (55). 

 EE. Mouth subterminal, small; jaws forming a sharp angle at their sym- 

 physes; posterior dorsal ray produced. Nemaialosa (56). 



50. Etbumecs Bleeker, Verh. Bat. Gen. xxv., 1853, Japan, p. 48 (micropus). 

 50a. E. jacksoxiexsis. Maray. Id. Macleay, P.L.S. N.S.W. iii. 1878, p. 36, 



pi. 4, 1. Id. McCulloch, Rec. W. Austr. Mus. i. 3, 1914, p. 211, pi. 29. 

 (PL iv.). 

 Apparently a southern species and not common in New South Wales waters. 



51. Stolephorus Lacep., H. N. Poiss. v, 1803, p. 381 (japonicus) ■ 



51a. S. robustus. Blue Sprat. Sprat elloides robustus Ogilby, P.L.S. 

 N.S.W. xxii, 1897, p. 04. S. robustus McCulloch, Rec. Austr. Mus. xiii, 

 2, 1920, p. 42, pi. 11, 1. (PI. iv.). 

 A small species growing- to about 3 inches long, and occurring in shoals off the 

 coast. 



52. Hyperlophu? Ogilby, Rec. Austr. Mus. ii, 1892, p. 26 (sprattellides). 



A. Anal fin commencing well behind the last dorsal ray. vittatus (52a). 



AA. Anal fin commencing below the last dorsal ray. translucidus (52b). 



52a H. vittatus. Sandy' Sprat. Meletta vittata Cast., Res. Fish. Austr., 

 1875, p. 40. .H. vittatus McCulloch, Rec. Austr. Mus. xi., 1917, p. 163, 

 pi. 29, 1-2. (PL iv.). 



Very abundant on the coast, occurring in shoals, and growing to about five 

 inches in length. An excellent food-fish. 



52b. H. translucidus. Id. McCulloch, Rec. Austr. Mus. xi. 7, 1917, p. 165, 



pi. 29, 3. 

 A small species known only from a few specimens. 



53. Potamalosa Ogilby, P.L.S. N.S.W. xxi, 1897, p. 504 (novae-lwlkmdiae) . 

 53a. P. novae-hollandiae. Fresh-water Herring. fMeletta novae-hollan- 

 diae Cuv. & VaL, H. N. Poiss. xx, 1847, p. 376. Clupea novae-hollandiae 

 Grthr., B. M. Cat. Fish, vii, 1868, p. 431. P. novae-hollandiae McCulloch, 

 Rec. Austr. Mus. xi. 7, 1917, p. 166, pi. 29. 4. (PL v.). 



Abundant in the coastal rivers and growing to 12 inches long. Small speci- 

 mens are good eating, but the larger ones are very bony. 



