16 A MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS TISIPHONE Hubner. 



The young larva is pale yellow green with faintly darker green longitudinal dorsal lines, and 

 with the head black. In the case of Joanna, eggs laid in October took 13-15 days to emerge. The 

 full grown larva is yellow green with fainter longitudinal dorsal lines and with ventral surface 

 and head pale green. The head is rough, but without horns, the forked tail is prominent and 

 the spiracles black: the body is devoid of hairs, slightly rough, and under examination with a 

 lens is found to be marked with minute white dots. The larvae feed upon Cladiu'm ( sword or 

 cutting grass) after dark, hiding during the daytime well down in the plant. Larvae of Joanna 

 were fully fed at the end of four months (November to February), but specimens that produce 

 the spring brood spend at least one month longer in the larval stage. 



The nupa is smooth, bright green, with wing-cases partially outlined in bright yellow: the 

 hrnd is furnished with two very short horns. Pupation usually takes place on the underside 

 of the leaves of the foodplant or on surrounding shrubs. The pupal duration of the spring 

 brood is 18-20 days in albifascia and abeona. and 22-2^ days in the spring and 18-20 davs in the 

 antrum brood of Joanna: the females usually pupate a week later than the males and remain 

 as pupae two or three days longer. 



The perfect insects predominate during September and October, and again in March and 

 April, though these months imv be extended in either direction according to latitude and alti- 

 tude. Male specimens are to be found on the wing as least as earlv as the middle of Septem- 

 ber in the coastal districts from Sydney nearly to Rockhampton : farther south they do not 

 aopear until October and in the higher portions of the main Dividing Ran?e are not to be 

 found until November. Freshly emerged specimens are always much darker than tho,e that 

 have been on the wing some time: cabinet specimens also, to some extent lose the almost black 

 colour of examples reared from the pupae. 



T. ABEONA ALBIFASCIA Waterhottse. 



Plate I.. Figures 23, 27, 28. 



Proceedings Linnean Society N.S. Wales igo_|, p. 468. 



This race differs from the typical in its broader and (especially in the female) paler orange 

 markings above, and in its broader white markings beneath : the latter character is well seen hv 

 comparing rig. 22 with fig. 23. Fig. 23 is from a male caught at Macedon Vic. 31/1/igu, and 

 fig. 27 and 28 are from larvae taken at Macedon during October 1012 that emerged in Sydnev 27 

 ami 28/12/1012. This race is found throughout Victoria and at Eden and Pambula in southern 

 New South Wales. 



T. ABEONA ABEONA Donovan. 



Plate I., Fig. 21, 22. 



Insects New Holland, pi. 22, f. 1, 1805: Tifiphone selinde, Hubner. 



Male. Above. Forewing rich dark brown: a broad central area from subcostal at half to tor- 

 nus, orange: a narrow postcellular bar, orange: a subapical ocellus and a large subterminal 

 ocellus between vein 2 and vein 3, black centred blue and with a whitish pupil. Hindwing 

 rich dark brown : an obscure subapical and a large subtornal ringed ocellus, black margined 

 dull red. 



Beneath. Forewing dark brown: markings as above but paler: ocelli as above. Hindwing 

 dark brown : a narrow discal band, white, and traces of a double subterminal line, cream : 

 ocelli as above, that in apex not obscured. 



Female. Above and beneath as in male: bands broader and paler. 



This race can always be recognised from those specimens of Joanna that approach it. by the 

 less prominent subtornal ocellus of the hindwing above. Fig. 21 is from a male taken at Syd- 

 ney 30/10/1913, and fig. 22 from a male caught in the Blue Mountains (2000ft.) 22/10/1913. 

 This race inhabits the coast from Jervis Bay to the Hunter River, and also occurs in the Blue 

 Mountains up to an altitude oi 3000ft. 



