Genus Junonia 



to be only a subvariety of the well-known Pyrameis indica, 

 which is common in India, southern China, and Japan. Away 

 off in southeastern Africa, upon the peaks and foot-hills which 

 surround the huge volcanic masses of Kilima-Njaro, Kenia, and 

 Ruwenzori, was discovered by the martyred Bishop Hannington 

 a beautiful species of Argynnis, representing a genus nowhere 

 else found upon the continent of Africa south of Mediterranean 

 lands. Strange isolation this for a butterfly claiming kin to the 

 fritillaries that sip the sweets from clover-blossoms in the Bernese 

 Oberland, in the valleys of Thibet, and on the prairies of the 

 United States. 



Genus JUNONIA, Hiibner. 

 (Peacock Butterflies) 



Butterfly. — Medium-sized butterflies, with eye-like spots upon 

 the upper wings. Their neuration is very much like that of the but- 

 terflies belonging to the genus Pyrameis, to which they are closely 

 allied. The eyes are naked, the fore feet are scant- 

 ily clothed with hair, and the lower discocellular 

 vein of the fore wing, when present, does not ter- 

 minate on the arch of the third median nervule be- 

 fore its origin, as in the genus Vanessa, but imme- 

 diately at the origin of the third median nervule. 

 Egg. — Broader than high, the top flattened, 

 marked by ten vertical ribs, very narrow, but not 

 very high. Between the ribs are a few delicate 

 cross-lines. 

 Fio. 98.— Neura- Caterpillar. — The caterpillar is cylindrical, 



tion of the genus ^g se or men ts being adorned with rows of branch- 

 Junoma. D ° 



ing spines and longitudinally striped. 



Chrysalis. — The chrysalis is arched on the dorsal surface and 

 marked by two rows of dorsal tubercles, concave on the ventral 

 side. The head is slightly bifid, with the vertices rounded. 



There are eighteen or more species which belong to this genus, 

 of which some are neotropical, but the greater number are found 

 in the tropical regions of the Old World. Three forms occur 

 within the limits of the United States, which have by some au- 

 thors been reckoned as distinct species, and by others are regarded 

 merely as varietal forms. 



172 



