260 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1915- 
must be used, especially where a varied collection is grown, some species 
being liable to considerable injury if exposed to strong sunlight, and 
amongst those that are thus readily affected are Phalenopsis, Angrecum, 
Arachnanthe Lowii, Phaius simulans, evergreen Calanthes, Vandas of the 
tricolor and suavis section, Bulbophyllums, Cirrhopetalums, Cypripediums, 
Bolleas, Pescatoreas, Eulophiella Elizabethe and Peetersiana, Cymbidiums, 
Lycastes, Miltonias, and many of the cooler-growing Oncidiums, Masdeval- 
lias, and Odontoglossums. It is most difficult, in fact almost impossible, 
to give precise directions as to what the grower should do, or not do, in 
every particular, therefore a great deal must be left to one’s own judgment. 
But there is one important matter which should not be overlooked, namely, 
that when the blinds or shadings are down during the middle hours of the 
day, it is necessary to guard against over- ventilation or draughts, 
particularly in the growing houses, so as to minimise the risk of fuictaaties 
in the temperatures through cold winds. 
CALANTHES.—The new pseudobulbs of the deciduous Calanthes are now 
well advanced, and in order+to obtain strong flower spikes, and to secure 
clear bright-coloured ‘flowers, the plants should be afforded plenty of room, 
so that each may receive its due share of sunlight. To this end it is advisable 
to elevate them well up to the roof glass, and to shade them no 
more than is absolutely necessary to prevent the sun’s rays from damaging 
the foliage or pseudobulbs. During the middle hours of the day, when the 
sun is bright, only a very thin shade is needed, but if exposed to the sun- 
shine early in the morning, and again in the afternoon, the bulbs will 
finish up strongly. In the extra light the plants will dry more quickly, and: 
will require plenty of water at the root, and an alternate watering with 
liquid manure water wil! be beneficial. Plants of the C. Regnieri section, 
that bloom in the spring, are only about half-way through their growing, 
season, and should therefore be treated the same as the others were when 
in full growth. Plants of the evergreen section, which includes C. 
veratrifolia, Masuca, Dominii, &c., are also making their growth, and 
should be plentifully supplied with water. Vigorous well-rooted plants 
appreciate an occasional dose of manure water. These plants thrive best’ 
in a shady part of the Cattleya or Intermediate house, with the foliage 
well up to the roof glass. Plenty of light is good for them, but strong 
direct sunshine will injure the foliage and check growth. C. veratrifolia. 
may occasionally be seen growing vigorously when subjected to the 
ordinary stove-house treatment. 
PLEIONES.—Such Pleiones as P. maculata, lagenaria, pracox, and the 
variety Wallichiana need plenty of light, air, and water until the foliage 
begins to change colour, when the compost should be kept merely moist. 
Within a few weeks after the leaves have fallen, the flowers will begin to 
