1864,] 'Enumeration of the hot springs of India. 49 



Enumeration of the hot springs of India and Sigh Asia, — 



By EOBEET DE SCHLAGMGN'TWEIT, Esq, 



A memoir by Dr. John Macpherson, "-The Mineral waters of India, 

 with some hints on Spas and Sanatoria," Calcutta, 1854, # which was 

 published originally in the " Indian Annals of Medical Science" has 

 been very valuable for the present compilation. Dr. Macpherson 

 includes in his memoir, hot springs as well as mineral ones ; I have, 

 however, restricted myself to the enumeration of hot springs only, 

 viz. of those, the temperature of which considerably exceeds the tem- 

 perature of the air at the spot of their origin. I have, therefore, 

 excluded every spring, which, though it may contain mineral ingre- 

 dients, yet shows a temperature scarcely differing from that of other 

 sweet springs in its neighbourhood. Petroleum wells are not contained 

 in the present list, which comprises the hot springs between 8|° to 

 86° Latitude North, and 67° to 88i° Longitude East Green., Ceylon 

 being excluded, as well as the Indo-Chinese peninsula (Tenasserim, 

 Burmah, &c.) 



To each locality, where a hot spring exists, the province is added, 

 in which it is situated ; of the abbreviations, which follow next, and 

 which are contained in brackets, Ind. signifies " India ; Him. — Hima- 

 laya ; Tib. = Tibet ; C. As. = Central Asia." " Un." means unknown ; 

 ab. = about. The geographical co-ordinates, — latitude, longitude, and 

 height (Eng. feet) above the sea-level, — given almost for every locality, 

 are taken from Vol. II. "Hypsometry of India and High Asia," 

 of our " Results of a Scientific Mission to India and High Asia." The 

 longitudes are referred to the Madras Observatory, for which we 

 adopt 80° 13' 56" Long. East Green. 



With few exceptions, there are several springs existing at every one 

 of the different localities ; the temperatures given refer to the hottest 

 of the springs at the respective locality. 



Dr. Macpherson alludes in his memoir to the difficulties he expe- 

 rienced in verifying the localities of the hot and mineral springs 

 " which in many instances, owing to strange transmutations of names 

 were so great, that I cannot hope to have escaped mistakes." These 

 are, however, very few in number, and they are noticed by me in the 



* An extract lias also appeared in this Journal, Vol. XXV. p. 197. 



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