1864.] 



An Account of Tipper Kash-kar. 



145 



The chief bdzdr, or market towns, or marts of trade in the district 

 are, Dir, Birah- wol, Sam # -khal, and L'warrf-khil. 



There are three other darahs dependent on Dir, or the Panj-korah 

 Darah, viz. Kash-kaei, so called from leading into Kash-kar by the 

 Lahori Pass ; Do-buudi, by the other Pass through which Kash-kar 

 may be reached in two stages ; and Kahie. They all three contain 

 some small hamlets at considerable distances from each other. 



Prom the Maidan Darah towards the west, there is a route leading 

 into Bajawrr ; and another from the Birah- wol Darah, in the same 

 direction. There are also two principal routes into Suwat from the 

 Panj-korah district ; one through the IT-sheri, and the other through, 

 the Kara Darah. Proceeding south from the villages of Timtir-kalah 

 and Kat-kalah, and passing through the small district of Talash (a 

 short account of which will be found further on), the main road leads 

 by Hashtnagar to Pes'hawar. It is good, and clear of obstruction, 

 and is the only one by which guns could be taken into Panj-korah. 

 Sultan Muhammad Khan, Barakzi, the brother of Dost Muhammad 

 Khan of Kabul (a person who is likely to cause us some trouble ere 

 long, when the Dost shall have been gathered to his fathers), entered 

 the Panj-korah district by this road, several times, whilst he was in 

 possession of Pes'hawar. 



Grhazan Khan of Panj-korah. is the most powerful chief amongst 

 the whole of the Yiisufzis, whether Yusuf or Mandar ; and by his 

 great abilities and foresight, has rendered himself, for many years past,, 

 respected by all the other princes and chieftains of these parts. He 

 is on friendly terms with the chief of Bajawrr ; and is in alliance 

 with the rulers of Chitral and Upper Kash-kar. He is the son of 

 Kasim Khan, mentioned by Elphinstone in his account of the kingdom 

 of Kabul, son of Zafar Khan, son of Grhulam Khan, son of Akhund 

 Ilyas ; and belongs to, and is the chief of, the Pa-indah Khel branch 

 of the Yusufzi tribe, which is also known as the " Akhund Kor" 

 signifying, in the Pus'hto language, " The Teacher's family or house." 

 At the time these notes were made, three years since, Grhazan Khan 

 was about seventy years of age, and has since probably died; but I 

 have not heard of his decease. 



The following tradition concerning the foundation of the family of 



# Sam, level, flat. 



f L'warr, high, lofty 3 etc. 



