1864.] 



Literary Intelligence. 



207 



Gakaro -nunasikamv ritty arthah . 



The letter c g 5 is put in order to forbid the nasal. 



On other occasions Qak. forms gink ( g + Ink) in order to indicate 

 an elision which causes hiatus, e. g. in deva ayanti for devah ayanti. 

 (See the above Sutra I. 1. 153 and the Cintamani thereon). Here we 

 have a clear instance, where a Sutra of Panini presupposes the exist- 

 ence of the system of (^akatayana. 



For an abstract of the contents of the first and second half-pada 

 of the first Adhyaya I must refer to the Journ. B. B. R. A. S. Here 

 I must content myself with saying that they contain Samg'na, Pari- 

 bhasha, Sandhi rules, and the beginning of the declension. 



From a comparison of these rules with the corresponding ones of 

 Panini as well as other parts occurring in the Compendium, it can be 

 clearly established that Panini 9 s grammar is a very much amplified 

 and corrected edition of ^akatay ana's-, and by no means what we 

 should call an independent and original work. 



A great many technical terms and names of affixes and roots he 

 has directly borrowed from his predecessor : e. g. 



1. Technical terms. 



Yuvan, vriddha (which Panini uses sometimes for gotra, upasarga, 

 avyaya, taddhita, krit, dirgha, pluta, hrasva, nap, sup, dhatu, pratyaya, 

 ghi, ghu, etc. 



2. Affixes. 



Vatii, dati, (jna, $ap, 9!, figi, dae, evi, jhi, catri. 



3. Eoots. 



Krin. The commentaries give the roots, as far as I have observed^ 

 always in the same forms as Panini. The part of the text before contains 

 no other roots than krin. As Qakatay ana's Dhatupatha is in exist- 

 ence, I hope to be able hereafter to give further details on the subject. 



4. The Ganas resemble very closely those of Panini. In the Com- 

 pendium I find the Gana svaradi at full length, and it is nearly the : 

 same as that given by the Calcutta Pandits in their edition of Panini, 

 except that it comprises also the gana pradi. Besides I find the ganas 

 uryadi and saxadadi mentioned in Qakatayana's grammar. The Gana 

 patha belonging to £!akatayana's (^abdanu§asana is said to be in exist- 

 ence. 



Besides many entire Sutrss have been borrowed by Panini from his" 



2 e 2 



