i 



Report of the Archaeological Survey. 



Ixxxi 



4. Kabul Gate to west. 



5. Lahor Gate to west. 



6. Farash Khana to south-west. 



7. Ajmere Gate to south-west. 



8. Turkoman Gate to south. 



9. Delhi Gate to south* 



10. Bajghat to east on river face. 

 147. The original round towers of the city defences were much 

 enlarged and altered into angular bastions by the British Government 

 early in the present century, and at the same time a regular glacis 

 was formed all round the land faces of the fortress. These new works 

 added considerably to the strength of the fortifications, as we found, 

 to our cost, in the mutiny of 1857. The two principal streets, form- 

 ing nearly a right angle, ran from the Lahor and Delhi Gates of the 

 Citadel to the Lahor and Delhi Gates of the city. The two principal 

 buildings in the city are the Jama Masjid and the Zinat Masjid. 

 The former was built by Shahjahan in A. D. 1648, and is one of the 

 largest and finest Mosques in India. The latter was built by Zinat- 

 zm-nissa, the daughter of Aurangzib, in A. D. 1710, and is a favour-- 

 able specimen of the later style of Mogul architecture. Both of these 

 buildings will be described more fully hereafter in my proposed 

 historical account of the Muhammadan architecture of Northern 

 India. 



148. The Citadel of Shahjahanabad, which contained the Emperor's 

 palace, and the two celebrated open halls or courts called the Dewdn- 

 i-am and the Dewan-i-khas, is too well known to require any descrip- 

 tion in this place ; bnt it will be duly considered hereafter in my 

 account of the architecture of Shahjahan's reign. I will therefore 

 confine my remarks at present to the short account of the two life-size 

 statues of elephants and their riders that have lately been discovered ; 

 and which, as we learn from Thevenot and Bernier, once stood outside 

 the Delhi Gate of the Citadel. 



149. The earliest notice is that by Bernier in his description of 

 Delhi, written on 1st July, 1663 : — " I find nothing remarkable at the 

 entry, (of the palace,) but two great elephants of stone, which are 

 on the two sides of one of the gates. Upon one of them is the 

 statue of Jamel, the famous Eajaof Chitor, and upon the other that of 

 Patta ; his brother, These are those two gallant men that, together 



