Ill 



BIDRAG 



TIL 



DE NORSKE GEPHYEEERS NATUR- 

 HISTORIE. 



AF 



J. KOREN & D. C. DANIELSSEN. 



6Y3 



i -lephyreerne høre til den Klasse af Dyr, der af de norske 

 Naturforskere ikke have været skjænket synderlig Op- 

 mærksomhed, og det vistnok af den Grund, at Under- 

 søgelserne frembød en god Del Vanskeligheder, der neppe 

 stod i Forhold til det videnskabelige Udbytte, som mu- 

 ligens kunde udvindes. 



Jens Rathke er, saavidt os bekjendt, den Første, som 

 fra vore Kyster omtaler i sine „Iagttagelser, henhørende til 

 Indvoldsormenes og Bløddyrenes Naturhistorie, 1799", et 

 Dyr, som efter alt at dømme har været Phascolosoma 

 Strombi v. capitatum. Senere har M, Sars i forskj eilige 

 Afhandlinger omtalt og opregnet de af ham fundne Arter, 

 af hvilke han har beskrevet tvende Phascolosoma-Arter. 

 Af fremmede Naturforskere have kun H. Rathke og Kefer- 

 stein beskrevet nogle enkelte Arter her fra Kysten. Der- 

 imod have Gephyreerne allerede fra Aarhundredets Be- 

 gyndelse været Gjenstand for grundige og vidtløftige 

 Undersøgelser, hvis Resultater til forskjellige Tider ere 

 offentliggjorte i større og mindre Afhandlinger, fornemme- 

 lig ved: Rolando, Delle Chjaie, Krohn, Grube, Loven, 

 <Juatrefages, Diesing, Schmarda, M. Müller, Claparéde, 

 Semper, Oscar Schmidt, Ehlers & Keferstein. 



Da vi i Aarenes Løb paa vore zoologiske Excursioner 

 have fundet flere nye Former, og da Kundskaben om 

 de nordiske Gephyreer forekom os at være sparsom, fandt 

 vi os opfordrede til at skjænke denne i vor Fauna tem- 

 melig forsømte Dyrklasse noget mere Opmærksomhed, 

 end der hidtil var bleven den tildel, og derfor fremkomme 

 disse Bidrag. 



De anatomisk-histologiske Undersøgelser, vi have an- 

 stillet, gjelde Sipunculiderne ; og omend vi fuldt ud er- 

 kjende, at vi langtfra have været istand til at udtømme 

 Alt, tro vi dog at kunne levere et Supplement til hvad 

 der tidligere er gjort. 



HUDEN. 

 Den egentlige Overhud (Cuticula) er mere og mindre 

 tyk, mere og mindre ujævn, og dannes af flere Lag, der 

 have en yderst fin Stribning. Under denne ligger Epithel- 



CONTRIBUTION 



TO 



THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE 

 NORWEGIAN GEPHYREÆ. 



BY 



J. KOREN & D. C. DANIELSSEN. 



I he Gephyreæ belong to a class of animals to which 

 the Norwegian naturalists have not devoted much atten- 

 tion, and that most probably by reason of the investiga- 

 tion being connected with many difficulties that stand in 

 no reasonable proportion to the scientific result, which might 

 possibly be obtained. 



Jens Rathke is, as far as we know, the first who 

 from our coasts mentions, in his „Iagttagelser hen- 

 førende til Indvoldsormenes og Bløddyrenes Natur- 

 historie, 1799", an animal which, judging from all we 

 know, must have been Phascolosoma Strombi v. capitatum. 

 Afterwards M. Sars has, in various treatises, mentioned 

 and enumerated the species found by him, of which he 

 has described two species of Phascolosoma. Among foreign 

 naturalists, only H. Rathke and Keferstein have described 

 some few species from the Norwegian coast. On the 

 other hand, the Gephyreæ have, already from the begin- 

 ning of the century, been the subject of thorough and 

 extensive investigations, the results of which have been 

 at various times made public, in larger or smaller trea- 

 tises, chiefly by: Rolando, Delle Chjaie, Krohn, Grube, 

 Loven, Quatrefages, Diesing, Schmarda, M. Müller, Clapa- 

 réde, Semper, Oscar Schmidt, Ehlers & Keferstein. 



Having in the course of many years, on our zoolo- 

 gical excursions, found many new forms, and as the 

 knowledge of the northern Gephyreæ appeared to us to 

 be scanty, we felt ourselves called upon to devote to this 

 class of animals, which in our fauna has been rather 

 neglected, a somewhat greater measure of attention than 

 has hitherto been conceded; and therefore these contri- 

 butions appear. 



The anatomical-histological investigations which we 

 have instituted, relate to the Sipunculidæ; and although 

 we fully acknowledge that we have been far from able 

 to exhaust everything, we still think that we may furnish 

 a supplement to what has been formerly done. 



THE SKIN. 

 The proper outer skin (cuticula) is more or less 

 thick, more os less uneven, and is formed of several 

 layers which have an extremely fine striation. Under this 



