152 B* B. Shaw— On the Ghalchah Languages. (Wakhi). [Ho, 



Adjectival Peokotos. 

 (Singular and Plural.) 



Dat. 



Ace. 



Loc. 



Norn. gem...... ....this or his 



Gen. gem of this or his 



aram* dram 

 or tram or 

 gem - — ar 



gem.. ..,..., this or his ga 



/ dam* or tarn at, in, &c.., 



\ this or his 



y salcam* on, on ae- 



v count of, &c, this or his 



Instr. ( tsaman* or soman from this 



Abl. (. or sam £m...from his 



Emphatic : ha-gem "this very", Jia-ga 



ya ...that 



9* of that 



to this or his dra or ga ar . . .to that 



.that 



da „ f .,at, in &c. that 



sahao . . on, on account 



of &c. that 



tsanan or sanan from that 



(tsa-gan) 



that very' 9 . 



Other pronouns, such as cliiz " what" ? Jcoi " who" ? tsum " some", imam 

 " one-another", &c, are declined, when necessary, as substantives. 



[Genitive absolute : zui-&N i' charhli = a wheel of mine ; gao-XE i % 

 mdina = a talking bird of his.] 



There is moreover a set of personal terminations to the Past, Perfect, 

 and Pluperfect tenses of Verbs, which are capable of being separated from 

 the Verb to which they belong. Thus they may perhaps be looked upon 

 as Pronouns (see Sarikoli, p. 159). 



They are : 



Singular. 

 1st pers. am or im. 

 2nd „ at or it. 

 3rd „ (caret) 



Plural. 

 1st pers. an or in. 

 2nd „ av or iv. 

 3rd „ av or iv. 

 The Veeb. 

 Every Verb appears, in its various tenses, under four forms ^ which re- 

 quire to be known, in each case, before it can be conjugated. These are : 



(i.) The Investitive form, from which are obtained a Verbal noun, 

 the Imperfect Indicative, and two derivative verbal substantives and ad- 

 jectives, 



(ii.) The Present form, from which are obtained the Present Future 

 Tenses of the Indicative and Conditional, and the Imperative. 



(iii.) The Past form, from which is obtained the Past tense. 

 (iv.) The Peeeect form, (Perfect Participle) from which are ob- 

 tained the Perfect Tenses and the Pluperfect ; also a derivative verbal 

 Adjective and Substantive. 



* Contracted from ar-yeni, da-yem, sak-yem, tsa-yeni-an respectively* 



