158 R. B. Shaw — On the Qhalchah Languages. (Sarikoli). [No. 2, 



Sketch of Sarikoli' Grammar. 



The Substantive. 



There is no distinction of Gender. 



The Plural is formed by affixing the syllable av or iv in the oblique 

 cases, and the Persian word d^ Mel (a troop) for the nominative. 



The relations of substantives are expressed as in English, either by posi- 

 tion or by means of Prepositions or Post-positions attached to the Singular 

 or Plural form of the noun. 



The Nominative is marked out by position. The possessive relation 

 is expressed by simple apposition • the name of the thing possessed being 

 placed last : e. g. ched divir — the door of the house (house-door). 



The Singular has but one form ; the Plural has two, that of the Nomi- 

 native and the Oblique form. 



Singular. 



the house (Nom.) ched 



the house's (Gen.) ched 



C AR-ched 

 to the house (Dat.) ... < or 



( ched-iR 



( A-ched 

 the house (Ace.) } or 



(. AR-ched 

 in or at the house (Loc.) p A-ched 



on the house chiuched 



towards the house ? AR-ched 



from the house (Abl.) ...Az-ched 



with the house c^-katti 



before the house ched-y? iit 



as far as, till, also by means 



of, the house ched-ms 



Plural. 



C ched 

 Nom. the houses 3 or ' 



( ched-khel 

 Obl. the houses' (Gen.) ...chediv 

 to the houses (Dat.) chediv-iR 



C chediv 

 the houses (Ace.) ... } or 



( A-chediv 



in the houses (Loc.) p A-chediv 



on the houses ...... chii-chediv 



towards the houses ?AR-chediv 



from the houses (Abl.) Az-chediv 



with the houses ...chediv-KATTi 



before the houses . . . chediv--pr iit 



as far as the houses chediv-iT8 



&c. &o. 



There is also a kind of Genitive absolute in an or yan : 

 Ex. pddkhdh- an i radzin = a daughter of the King's ; i vrod mu-yan 

 a brother of mine. 



The Abjective 

 is not declined ; it usually precedes the substantive. 



^ An adjective can be formed from a substantive (or other word) by the 

 addition of enj or unj (after a consonant), or yenj (after a vowel), which 

 answers to the Hindustani " wdld." 



Ex. Garma-Ymj " belonging to a cave." 



JJhes math-VNj kardr "an agreement for ten days." 



