308 ~P.^N]ml\ej— Translations from Mahhfl [No. 3, 



We began this paper with a reference to the teachings of science and 

 literature, and we shall end it in the same way. Books have told us of the 

 sovereignty of the Surajbans of old and the Bathors of more recent times. 

 The coins of Bactria and Kanauj have confirmed what these books have 

 said of these races of rulers, and land-grants of the last mentioned dynasty 

 have added to this confirmation. But neither book nor coin nor grant 

 throws even the faintest ray of light on a people who possessed the land at 

 a still more recent period ; and whose sway, over the territory inhabited by 

 them, was for many centuries universal. The historians who might perhaps 

 have been able to tell us the facts, are the Buddhists, or their successors the 

 Jains, who have locally disappeared : from the Brahmans we are not likely 

 to receive further information. It is not, however, impossible that enquiries 

 carefully conducted at Mount A'bii, at Parisnath, and at Katmandu, may yet 

 throw light upon a subject which is still involved in obscurity. The 

 Ayodhya of old has always been intimately connected with those localities. 

 Some half dozen of the Jain Hierarchs (tirthankaras) , who afterwards died 

 at the first two mentioned of those places, were natives of Audh, and it 

 was from A'bii that the Brahmanical revival gradually spread over the 

 country which eventually reached even to Audh. The historians of those 

 quarters may not have the same motives for secrecy that our Brahmans 

 who alone can have the information here, possess, and to them only can we 

 therefore look satisfactorily to elucidate this mystery. 



Translations from tie Biwdn of ZfB-uw-sisi Begam, poetically styled 

 Makhfi, daughter of the Emperor Aitk^gzib.— By P. Whallet 

 B.C.S., Murdddbdd. 



No. I. 

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