292 THE CEINOIDEA CAMEEATA OE NORTH AMERICA. 



MELOCEINUS Goldfuss. 



1826. Goldfuss ; Petref. Germanic, Vol. L, p. 197. 



1838. Agassiz ; Mem. de la Soc des Sci. natur. de Neuchatel, Vol. I., p. 196, 



1838. GoLDEUss ; Nova Acta, Acad. Leopoldiiia, Vol. XIX., I., p. 339. 



1841. MuLLER; Monatsber. d. Berlin. Akademie, p. 209. 



1849. D'Oebigny ; Cours element., Vol. IL, p. 140. 



1852. QuENSTEDT; Handb. d. Petrefactenkunde (Ausg. I.), p. 620. 



1855. RoEMER ; Letliaea Geognostica (Ausg. 3), p. 250. 



1857. PiCTET ; Traite de Paleont., Vol. IV., p. 325. 



1862. DujAHDiN and Hupe; Hist, natur. des Zoophytes, p. 144. 



1867. ScHULTZE ; Monogr. Echiuod. Eifl. Kalk., p. 61. 



1878. Angelin ; Iconogr. Grin. Suec, p. 19. 



1879. Zittel; Handb. d. Paleont., Vol. I., p. 371. 



1881. W. and Sp. ; Proceed. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 292 



1881. W. and Sp. ; Revision Palseocr., Part II., p. 118. 



1882. De Loeiol; Paleont. Eran9aise, Tome XL (Crinoides), p. 58. 

 1885. W. and Sp. ; Proceed. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., p. 326. 



1885. W. and Sp.; Revision Palseocr., Part III., p. 104. 



1885. Quenstedt; Handb. d. Petrefactenkunde (Ausg. 3), p. 957. 



1889. S. A. Miller ; N. Amer. Geol. and Paleeont., p. 261. 



Syn. Ctenocrinus Bronn ; 1840, Jalirb., p. 542; also Miiller, 1855, Verb, naturh. Verein, Vol. XII., 

 p. 16, and Neue Echinod. Eifl., Kalk., p. 255 ; also EoUmann, 1857, Unterdevonisclie Crinoideen 

 p. 14. 

 Syn. Castanocrinus Roemer; 1855, Leth. Geogn. Vol. II., p. 252. 

 Syn. Mariacrinus Hall (in part) ; 1857, Palaeont. N. Y., Vol. III., p. 104. 

 Syn. Cytocrinus Roemer; 1860, Silur. Eauna West. Tenn., p. 46. 



Syn. Clonocri7im Oehlert; 1879 (not Quenstedt), Soc. Geol. de France (ser. 3), Vol. VII., p. 9. 

 Syn. Turbinocrinites Troost; 1850, List of Grin. Tenn. (not defined). 



Syn. Asfrocrinites Conrad; Ann. Geol. Rep. N. Y. of 1840 to 1841 (not Cumberland, 1826, nor 

 Austin, 1842, nor Etheridge, Jun., 1876, nor Asterocrinus Miinster, 1839, nor Lyon, 1857, nor 

 Astrocrinus Ether, and Carpenter, 1886). 



Calyx obconical; subglobose or pyriform ; the rays extended into free 

 tubular appendages bearing arms on both sides. Basals four, unequal ; three 

 of them quadrangular, the anterior one larger and pentangular. Radials in 

 contact laterally; four of them heptagonal, the anterior one, which rests 

 squarely upon the anterior basal, hexagonal. First costal hexagonal, the 

 second, which is axillary, generally pentagonal ; the sloping faces of the 

 latter may be equal and support two rows of distichals, or unequal, when 

 only the longer inner face is followed by distichals, the shorter outer one 

 giving off the proximal arm. In the former case, which is the general rule, 

 the distichals constitute parts of the calyx, and both series terminate in 

 axillaries, which give off toward the inner side of the ray in a nearly verti- 

 cal direction an indefinite number of brachials of successive orders, and 

 toward the outer side a sloping arm from each order. The plates of the 

 different orders are short and consist of two parallel series, which form two 

 arm-bearing trunks. The two trunks, as a general rule, meet laterally by 



