100 



A Monograph of Culicidae. 



winter retreats, in those dark, tortuous mud-cracks spoken of, 

 four bands would be more useful for recognition, and white 

 dangling tarsi of no account ? " 



Giles, in the second edition of his handbook, refers my variety 

 pallida to a distinct species. It is not so, however. 



Additional localities. — Philippine Islands (Miss Ludlow) ; 

 Ceylon (E. E. Green, Major Manders, RA.M.C., A. J. 

 Chalmers) ; Bombay, Goa, Madras along the east coast, the 

 plains of Bengal, in Kurseong at 5000 feet elevation, Ferozepore 

 district (Major Adie), very common ; Deesa, India (Major C. G. 

 Nurse), and in April, in Ellichpur. 



Notes on Life-history and Habits. 



This species occurs both indoors and out. In India Adie 

 notes that it is the only species which lasts throughout the year. 

 He found adults in native dwelling-houses, empty houses, cow- 

 sheds, and outhouses in all localities. They like sirki roofs and 

 do not object to cobwebs, flying about in rooms thick with the 

 latter and settling on them. They do not fly far when disturbed. 



This is a widespread India species, and is equally common in 

 the Philippines. In some districts it is frequent in houses, but 

 does not enter them in others. 



The larvae are found in tanks and natural collections of 

 water, especially with weed and grass growing into it. In India 

 Major Adie, I. M.S., says the larvae flourish in the canal at 

 Ferozepore amongst the weeds all through the year, but that in 

 cold weather they cannot be found. 



The larvae are found in large natural ponds with grass and 

 weeds at the edges, and in the Punjab the larvae occur along 

 with those of nigerrimus and barbirostris in shady, weed-grown 

 pools under trees. In Bombay it occurs in tanks. 



The life-history has been well worked out by Major Manders, 

 R.A.M.C. In colour the larva varies from pale to dark olive 

 green, with two pale (white) circular markings anteriorly on 

 either side of the dorsal line ; the penultimate segment may be 

 greenish-red, head pale mottled brown with darker brown. 

 Length 5 mm. The frontal hairs are slightly variable ; the 

 median pair have small branches, the lateral ones much branched ; 

 the antennae have no lateral branched hairs, and there are six 

 pairs of palmate organs, each organ composed of seventeen plates 

 which are acuminate. 



