234: A JOURNEY UP THE RIVER CONGO. 
attract attention by the magnificent carmine of the upper 
side of the wings, although their underside is leaf-brown 
and ‘ protective” in colour, and, if the creature liked, 
would, when closed, render it quite indistinguishable from 
the dead and scrubby foliage it haunts. | 
There is one “bait” for butterflies which attracts the 
proudest and shyest amongst them—blood. Sprinkle the 
gore of a newly-slain animal over any cleared space, and 
you will soon reap a rich result in the way of butterflies. 
They also flock to most decaying substances, animal or 
vegetable, and the deposits of elephant’s dung in the forest 
will be the frequent resorts of these lovely insects. The 
genus Papilio is of course well represented, and by some 
very beautiful examples. There is Papilio Antheus, tailed, 
black, with green spots and stripes; Papilio Bromvus, large 
and black, with broad bluish-green stripe crossing both 
wings (this last is dotted on the underside with dead-gold 
spots) ; and Papilio Tyndarwus, very scarce species, black 
and apple-green, a very handsome insect. | 
A list of the most prominent species of Lepidoptera to 
be met with in the Upper and Lower Congo I here give. 
Most of them are represented in my own collection, a few 
others have been added from a collection of butterflies 
from the Lower Congo in the possession of my brother. I 
might remark that nearly all the species and all the genera 
here cited have a wide range, being found on the Gold 
Coast, the East of Africa, and even in Natal. The butter- 
flies of the Upper Congo, above Stanley Pool, seem how- 
ever to be more purely West African in their range than 
those of the Lower river, which extend southwards and 
northwards, and right across the Continent, reappearing at 
the Cape of the Zanzibar coast and in Senegambia. One 
curious instance of wide distribution is the little species 
Kurema Hecabe, which is found all over Africa and India, 
specimens from Southern India and the Congo being 
identical in size and markings. 
Besides the Lepidoptera catalogued below, there are 
many day-flying moths observable in the Congo, most of 
which are Bombycide, There is also a curious genus 
