THE CAMBERWELL BEAUTY. 75 



a white hair. The ground colour of the body is deep velvety 

 black, and densely sprinkled with pearl-white warts, each emit- 

 ting a fine white hair, some being of considerable length, and 

 the majority slightly curved. Down the centre of the back is a 

 series of rich deep rust-red shield-like markings, which com- 

 mences on the third segment and terminates on the eleventh 

 segment. In the centre of the anal segment is a shining black 

 dorsal disc, much resembling the head ; the legs are black and 

 shining, and the four pairs of prolegs are rust colour, with a 

 polished band above the feet, and the anal pair are black with 

 pale reddish feet. 



The caterpillars feed on sallow, willow, birch, and elm. They 

 cover the leaves of their food-plant with a silken web and live 

 thereon in companies, and do not separate until about to 

 prepare for the chrysalis state. 



The chrysalis. The dorsal half of the head and wing points 

 are black, and the ventral half orange. Some of the points on 

 the body are tipped with orange. The whole surface is finely 

 and irregularly furrowed and granulated. The ground colour is 

 pale buff, covered with fine fuscous reticulations. The entire 

 surface is clothed with a whitish-powdery substance, giving a 

 pale lilac or pinkish bloom to the chrysalis, which, however, 

 is easily rubbed off, the chrysalis then assuming a brownish 

 hue. Our figure of the chrysalis is after Holland. 



Mr. Frohawk, who had female butterflies living under obser- 

 vation for about three months, states that eggs were laid in 

 April, May, and June. Caterpillars from the first batch of 192 

 eggs hatched early in May, nineteen days after they were laid. 

 These were full grown by June 20, and entered the chrysalis 

 state soon after. The butterflies from these commencecTto 

 emerge about the middle of July. 



He says : " Both sallow and willow are equally suitable food 

 for the larvae, and birch is readily eaten, even when willow has 

 formed the sole food until the last stage ; they will feed on elm. 



