THE SMALL PEARL-BORDERED FRITILLARY. 97 



greyish, and then becoming blackish towards the hollowed top. 

 The ribs seem to be eighteen or twenty in number ; laid in 

 June or July on plants of dog-violet. On emerging from the 

 egg the young caterpillar devours most of the shell. It is 

 then of a pale olive colour with brownish warts, from each of 

 which there is a pale and rather long jointed bristle ; the head 

 is black. The full-grown caterpillar is smoky pink and velvety- 

 looking. There is a brownish line along the middle of the 

 back. The spines are " ochreous in colour, tinged with pink, 

 and beset with fine pointed black bristles." The upper ones 

 are rather stouter than the others, and the pair on the first 

 ring, the only spines on this ring, are rather more than twice 

 the length of the others, and are directed forward over the 

 head, thus giving the appearance of a pair of horns ; the second 

 and third rings have each four spines, which are rather finer 

 than those on the rest of the body, which are arranged in six 

 rows. A pale pinkish stripe runs along the lower part of the 

 body ; just above the feet. Head black and notched on the 

 crown (Buckler). The chrysalis is brown on the thorax and 

 the body ; the wing-cases are more ochreous and marked with 

 black near the edge. There is a black V-mark on the thorax, 

 with a silvery spot on each side, one silvery spot on each side 

 of the head, and other metallic spots on the body near the 

 thorax (Buckler). 



On the Continent there are two broods of the butterfly, and 

 specimens are occasionally seen in August in this country ; one 

 of these late examples, taken by Mr. Barker in 1881, is shown 

 on the plate (Fig. 6). Sometimes one or two caterpillars of 

 a brood in confinement will feed up and attain the perfect state 

 in August instead of settling down with their companions for 

 hibernation. 



The butterfly in June and July frequents similar places to 

 those favoured by the Pearl-bordered, and its distribution in 

 Britain is somewhat similar, although it is a more local species. 



