LEPIDOPTERA. 



221 



within the discal cell. In the hind wings, veins I and II 

 and veins II and III are grown together in an unusual 

 way. In Figure 254 these veins are represented slightly 

 separated in order to show their relation to each other. 



Family Cossim: (Cos'si-dae). 

 The Carpenter-moths. 



This family includes moths with spindle-shaped bodies, 

 and narrow, strong wings, some of the species resembling 

 Hawk-moths quite closely in this respect. The larvae are 

 wood-borers, living in the solid wood of the trunks of trees. 

 They are often very injurious to forest or shade trees, and 

 one recently imported species is very injurious to pear trees. 

 The wood-boring habits of the larvae suggest the popular 

 name Carpenter-moths for the insects of this family. 



These moths fly by night, and lay their eggs on the bark 



nil 



xi ix 



Fig. 255. — Wings of Prionoxytus robinice . f, frenulum, enlarged. 



of trees, or within tunnels in trees from which adult Car- 

 penter-moths have emerged. The caterpillars are nearly 

 naked, and, although furnished with pro-legs as well as true 

 legs, are grub-like in form. The pupa state is passed within 



