372 THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



minute white ones on the outer half of the fore wings 

 (Fig. 453). This skipper is found throughout the greater 

 part of the United States east of the Rocky Mountains. 



Among the smaller members of this subfamily are the 

 skippers of the genus Pliolisora. The most widely dis- 

 tributed species of this genus is the Sooty-wing, Pholisora 

 catullus (Phol-i-so'ra ca-tul'lus). The expanse of the wings 

 is a little more than one inch. The wings are nearly black, 

 marked with minute white spots, which vary in size and 

 number. This species is found throughout the United 

 States except along the extreme northern border. 



The genus Hesperia includes a considerable number of 

 small skippers, which are easily recognized by their check- 

 ered markings of white upon a dark brown ground. Small 

 white spots on the wings are common in this subfamily, 

 but in this genus the white spots are unusually large, so 

 large in some cases that they occupy the greater part of the 

 wing. One of the more common species is the Variegated 

 Tessellate, Hesperia montivaga (Hes-pe'ri-a mon-tiv'a-ga). 

 This is distributed from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and is 

 the only one common in the Eastern United States. In 

 this species more than one half of the outer two thirds of 

 both fore and hind wings is white. 



Subfamily Pamphilin^: (Pam-phi-li'nae). 



Skippers with a Discal Patch. 



This subfamily includes the greater number of our 

 smaller skippers. Some of the species, however, surpass in 

 size many of the Hesperiinae. To the 

 Pamphilinae belong all of our common 

 tawny skippers, as well as some black 

 or dark brown species. The antennae 

 usually have a stout club, with a short, 

 recurved tip ; sometimes this tip is 



Fig. 454. — Limochoies pon- . ... 



tiae\ male. wanting. In the majority of our species 



the males can be recognized at a glance by a conspicuous 



