386 THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



The Orange Sulphur, Eurymus enrytJieme (E. eu- 

 ryth'e-me). — This species closely resembles philodice in- 

 size, shape, and markings. The typical form differs from 

 philodice in being of an orange color above instead of a 

 yellow. 



The Orange Sulphur is a Western species, occurring in 

 the Mississippi Valley and west to the Pacific Ocean. It is 

 one of the most polymorphic of all butterflies ; the forms 

 differ so much in appearance that four or five of them have 

 been described as distinct species. The larva feeds on 

 clover. 



The Dog's-head, Zerene ccesonia (Ze-re'ne cae-so'ni-a.) — 

 The wings are lemon-yellow above, bordered on the outer 

 margin with black. On the hind wings the border is nar 

 row, but on the fore wings it is broad. The outline of the 

 yellow of the fore wings suggests a head of a dog or of a 

 duck, a prominent black spot on the discal vein serving as 

 the eye. This is an abundant species in the Southeastern 

 and Southwestern States, extending from the Atlantic to 

 the Pacific. The larva feeds on clover. 



The Black-bordered Yellow, Xanthidia nicippe (Xan- 

 thid'i-a ni-cip'pe). — The wings above are bright orange, 

 marked with blackish brown as follows : on the fore wings a 

 narrow bar at the apex of the discal cell, the apical portion 

 of the wings, and the outer margin ; on the hind wings, the 

 outer margin. In the female the outer marginal band is in- 

 terrupted at the anal angle of each wing, and on the hind 

 wings it may be reduced to an apical patch. The expanse 

 of wings is from one and six tenths inches to one and nine 

 tenths inches. 



The species occurs from Southern New England to 

 Florida and west to Lower California. The larva feeds on 

 several species of Cassia. 



The Little Sulphur, Eurema lisa (Eu-re'ma li'sa). — 

 Although this species is larger than the following one it 

 is considerably below the average size of our yellows, the 



