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CsUiiT^aclw'i lo iiivcr.t the Coiiiithian capital. Fee Abacvs. 

 lorllic appeal aiK-e of the l.iilna of btai's breech in tlie mi- 

 troffi'pc, fee J'ltile of MkroJ'copical OhjciU. 2. The 

 th'iJIU-leiitfJ ncanlhus was found by Spanniaii at the Cape of 

 Good Hopf, and has many kaves, proceeding immediately 

 from the root, rcfembhn^' vhofe of the thiltie. 3. Tiic 

 pricUy acanthus grows wild in Italy and Piovcnce, and 

 I^ovms from July to Septcir.btr. lt.s leaves are dividtd into 

 ferments, termii'ialed with a (liai-p fnlne, which renders this 

 plant troublefome to tliofe who iianule it. 4. The acanibus 

 of Di'J'cinJcs, as Linna?us fujipofes it to be, grows naturally 

 in the Eall, on Lebanon, &c. 5. The boUy-'teavid acan- 

 thus is an evergreen Ihnib, about four feet high, a::d fepa- 

 rating into many branches, vith leave', rtlembiing thofe of 

 the common holly, ^nd ber.nng white flowers, hmilar to 

 thofe of the coo.moii acanthui, but fmaller. 6, 7, 8, 9. 

 Thefe fpecics, viz. the ent'in-haved, proaimhnl, frrked, 

 and Ciipe acmithi, are natives of the Cap ■ of Good Hope. 

 10. The Madias acanthus is a native of tlie Eall In- 

 dies. 



Thefnwolh and prickly acavlhi are pcrciinial plants, and 

 may be propagated cither by feeds, which (hould be fown 

 in a light dry "foil towards the end of March, and left to 

 crow, about fi.x inches afundcr, till auttimn, when they 

 Hiould be tianfi)l:'.ntcd where they are to remain-; or by 

 roots, which may be planted either in fpring or autumn for 

 the third fort ; but the others muft only be removed in the 

 -fpring, becaufe if they are tranfplanted in autumn, they may 

 be in danger of being dcltroyed by a cold winter. Thefe 

 plants take deep root, and when they are once eilabliflied in 

 a garden, they cannot be eafily eradicated. The 5th and 

 10th fpecits are too tender to thrive out of a ftove in Eng- 

 hmd, and <:annot be propagated, except, by feeds, which 

 do not ripen in Europe. The other forts mull be treated 

 in the fame manner with Cape plants. 



Acanthus, in j-lrchitedure, an ornament in the Corin- 

 thian and Cumpofite orders: being the reprefentation of 

 the leaves of an acanthaceous pknt, in the capitals thereof. 

 See Tab. Jrch'tt. 



Acanthus Avicula, in Ormlhokgy, the name given by 

 Gefnertothe Fringilla ///'hw of Linnaeus, or Siskin of 

 Others. See Spinus. 



Acanthus, in Ancient Geography. See Chalcidica. 



Acanthus, in Enloniology, a fpecies of Papilio, in 

 the divifion of PhheU, with entire brown wings, blue bands 

 underneath, and yellow limb ; found in Surinam. 



ACAPALA, or Acapnia, -a town in the province of 

 Chiapa, in New Spain. It is fituated on the Tabafco 

 river, five leagues north-weft from Chiapa. 



ACAPAM, or AcAPARAMi, a town of Afia, on the 

 Euxine fea. 



ACAPATLI, in Botany, a name ufed by fome authors 

 for the plant v.hicii produces the long pepper, ufed in me- 

 dicine. De Latt. Ind. Occ. p. 231. 



ACAPNISTON, axawnrov, from a, and xp.'mtii, J/noie, 

 a term applied to the excellent honey of Hymettus, in 

 Attica, both by Pliny, 1. xii. c. 16., and Strabo, torn. i. 

 p. 613, from the mode of its preparation. 



ACAPNON, axKTTvov, a nyme of the samp such us, or 

 MARJORAM ; alfo of dry wood. 



ACAPULCO, in Geography, a confiderable town and 

 harbour in Mexico, fituate on a bay of the South Sea, a-nd 

 diftant from the city of Mexico about 210 miles, fouth- 

 eaft. The haven is large and commodious, and capable of 

 containing fevtral hundred fliips ; and the entrance is 

 fecured by a fmaU ifland, whieii runs acrofs it, and forms 

 at each end a deep channel of fufficicnt breadth for the largt ft 

 ■vcntls. The only inconvenience is, that fliips muft enter by 



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the fca-hrceze in the day-time, and go out by the kind- 

 bree/.e in the night, which feldoin fail to iucceed each otlier 

 alternately, fo that they are frequently blow n off to fea, af- 

 ter repealed attempts to make the harbour. A-capulco it- 

 felf i.s a mean and ill-built town, and derives its importance 

 and extenr fixim the great trade carried on with the Eaft- 

 -Indies and Peru, and the number of v-arehoufes and habi- 

 tations for ftrangers which this commerce requires. The 

 •houfes are llightly conftrudled on account of the frequent 

 earthquakes to which this country is expofed ; and good 

 buildings are the lefs necelTary, as the principal inhabitants 

 icti.e from the fea-coaft, when bufineis does not dem.and 

 their immediate attendance. Belides, the climate is ex- 

 ceedingly unhealthy, and very prejudicial to ilrangers. L'p- 

 on the arrival of the galleons, the town is populous and 

 g.iy, being crowded with the richeft merchants of Mexico, 

 Peru, and even of Chili, who provide themfeh es with tents 

 in the vicinity of the town, and fonn a kind of large en- 

 campment. For the trade of this town, fee Alamla Galleon. 

 Dppofite to the town, on the eaft fide, is a ftrong caftle, 

 faid to h". provided with forty pieces of Cannon, and the 

 platform at the end of the town is alfo mounted with guns ; 

 and fliips ride near the bottom of the harbour ; fo that this 

 placets not fo eafily acceffible as fome have imagined. The 

 port is a b;;f3n i'uiTOunded with verj- high mountains. Two 

 iflands, off the fort, parallel to the port, are to be left on 

 the larboard, and within the harbour is a fmall illand near 

 the (hore, on the larboard. Within a league of the call of 

 the town, is a veiy good harbour, called Port Marquis, 

 where the ftiips from Peru generally run in contraband goods. 

 W. long. 102° 20'. N. lat. I7'^22'. 



ACAIliV, in Ichthyolcgy, the name of a fifh caught in 

 the freih waters in the Brazils, and efteemtd a very delicate 

 and weU-tafted one. It feldom exceeds three or four inches 

 in length, and has a high back like the pearch. Its mouth 

 is fmall, and its jaws rough like a file. It has one long 

 back-fin, which is fupported by a great num.btr of rigid and 

 prickly rays, and reaches to the tail. Its fcales are large ; 

 its back is of a gloffy brown ; its fides and belly white ; its 

 tail is not forked. It has a large black fpot on the middle 

 of each . fide, and another near the tail. Its fins are all 

 brown . Marcgrave. 



ACARAAYA, the name of a fifli caught on the Bra- 

 filian fliores, and by fome called alfo garanha. It grows to 

 three feet in length, and is of the iliape of our carp. Its 

 lower jaw is furnifhed with an even range of fliarp teeth, 

 like httle needles. Its upper jaw has two very long ones, and 

 befide thefe, a multitude of other very fhort ones. Its eyes 

 are large, and their iris red. Its tail is broad, and a httle 

 forked. Its fcales are of a moderate fize, and of a filver 

 hue, with an admixture of pui-ple. Its belly, and the un- 

 der part of its head, are wholly white; and its fins of a fine 

 pale red, except thofe under the belly, which are white, 

 with a flight edge of red. It is eaten in Brafil, both frefli 

 and faltcd. Marcgrave. 



ACARAI, in Geography, a town of Paraguay, in South 

 America, built by the Jefuiis in 1624. N. lat. 26^. W. 

 long. 51-5 



ACARAMUCU of Marcgrave and WiUughby, in Ich. 

 thyology, is the Balistes Monoceros in the Linnsan fyftem 

 by Gmelin. See Monoceros. 



ACARAPKBA, the name of an American fifh, called 

 alfo by fome brafeme. It has a fomewhat broad ar.d Hat body, 

 covered with large fcales of a fine filver whitenefs. It grows 

 to a foot in length, and to four or five fingers in bre idth. 

 It has a large mouth, but without teeth ; and its tail is 

 forked. It has one long black fin, the anterioi rays, or 

 naves, of which are rigid and prickly, the hind paves foft 

 2 and 



