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Tho-c arc two kir<!i of ncoeffvirics ; Ufort tlic facV, and 

 oflcr it. — The lirft is lit who com:>nuds, or procuea an- 

 other to commit felony, and is HOt prclcnt himfclt ; for if he 

 be prefeiit, he is a principal. 



The f--con,! is lie who receives, aflifta, or comforts any 

 man ihJt has done murder, or felony, whereof lie has know- 

 ledge. A man may alfo be acccflTorN- to an accclfoiy, by 

 aiding, recei%ing, &c. an accedorj' in telony. 



An acccnbr)' in felony fi\all have jvidnr.ent of life .ind 

 member, as well as the i)rii.cipa), wlio did the felony ; but 

 not till the principal be fiift attainted, and convicted, orout- 

 * lawed iherton. — Where the principal is pardoned without 

 attainder, the acceflbry cannot be an-aigned ; it being a 

 maxim in la\v, L'Ih non eft [ir'.iuipnrts, non pol'Jl eff- accijjorius. 

 IJut if the principal be pardoned, or have his chrgy after 

 attainder, the accelTor)- fliaU be anaigned. 4 & J W, & M. 

 cap. 4. And by ftat. l Ani.e, cap. 9. it is enadled, that 

 where the principal is convicted of felony, or (lands nnite, 

 or challenges above tr^nty of the jwy, it fliall be lawful to 

 proceed agamll the aeccflbry iji the fame manner as if the 

 principal had been attainted ; and notwithftandiug fuch 

 principal (hall be admitted to his clergy, pardoned, or deli- 

 vered before attainder. In fome cafes alfo, if the principal 

 cannot be taken, then the acceflbr)' may be profccuted for a 

 mifdemeanor, and punilhed by fine, imprifonment, &:c. Stat. 

 ibid. See Stat. 5 Anne, cap. 31. In the loweil and hightft 

 offences there are no accefTories, but all are principals : as 

 in riots, routs, forcible entries, and other trefpalTes, which 

 are the loweft offences. — So alfo in the highell offence, 

 which is, according to our law, high treafon, there are no 

 acceffories. Cok. Littlet. 71. 



Acceflbries, in petty treafon, murder, and in felonies of 

 fcveral kind,;, arc not to have their clergy. — There can be 

 no acceffor)' before the facl in manflaughter ; becaufe that 

 is fudden and unprepenfed. 



Accessory by Jlatute, is fuch a one as abets, advifes, 

 aids, or receives one that commits an offence, which is made 

 felony by ftatute. 



Accessory nerves, Accessorius JVillffii, or Par Ac- 

 CEssoRiUM, in yinatoniv, a pair of nerves, which, ariling by 

 feveral filaments from the medulla fpinalis of the neck, and 

 having advanced to the firft vertebra, where each of them is 

 fixed to the pofterior fide of the ganglion of the nervus fuboc- 

 cipitalis, or tenth pair, afcend through the great foramen 

 of^ the OS oceipitis into the cranium ; and communicating 

 with the 9th and loth, pafs out again clofe to the 8th pair. 

 Afterwards turning backward, and perforating the mufcu- 

 lus llerno-maftoideus, they terminate in the trapezius, hav- 

 ing firft diflributed fome branches to the rhomboides. Phy- 

 fio'ogifls have been at a lofs to account for tiie Angular ori- 

 gin and courfe of thcfe nerves. The ancients confidered them 

 as branches of the 8th pair. Willis alfo confidered them as 

 appendages to that pair, and called them acceJforVi. They 

 are fometimes called the fpinal pair, but as this denomina- 

 tion comprehends the nerves of the fpine indifcriminately, 

 Willis's name is more appropriate, and therefore it has been 

 generally preferred. See Origin and Courfe of the Nerves. 



Accessory, among Painters, an epithet given to fuch 

 parts of a history piece, as ferve chiefly for ornament, 

 and might have been wholly left out : fuch as vafes, ar- 

 mour, &c. 



ACCHO, in Geography, a port called by the Greeks 

 Ptolemais, and now Acre. 



ACCI, in yinclent Geography, a town in the confines of 

 BcEtica, fuppofed to be Guadix, in the province of Gra- 

 nada, in Spain. It was alfo called Colonta Acdtuna, and its 



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inhabitants were denominated Gemeknfes, and the colony 

 G.m.//ii, bccaulc; it was formed from two legions, viz. the 

 third and the fixth. ' 



ACC1AC.\ riTRA, in Mufte, k a term, as it fhould 

 ftem, by the little fuccefs of tliofe who have attempted it, 

 dlrhcuit to be deiined by words, or to be exemplified in 

 notes. It is putting down with any interval the half note 

 below it, and inllantly taking off (as if it were red hot) 

 tiio finger which has flruck the loweft of the two notes, 

 continuing the found of the other note, till the harmony is 

 changed. An organift never puts down a iiugle flow note 

 on his inflrunient without touching, at the fame time, the 

 femi-tone below, and fometimes keeping it on, or maki^ig a 

 beat with the forefinger, while the tiiuinb remains firm on 

 the principal found. The term acciacatura, though un- 

 common, is not new ; as it occurs ui " I'Armonieo Prac\ico 

 " al Cembolo," of the eminent opera compofer Francifco ^ 

 Gafparini, the mailer of Dominlco Scarlati, and of the fl 

 celebrated finger la Faullina : this trad, which is in faft 

 a treatite on accompaniment, was lirfl publilhed at Venice 

 in '703. The teclinical term acc':aca!iira is derived from 

 acciarnre, to bruif, cnijh, or jam doivn. Gafparini com- 

 pares it to the haily bite of an iufecl, that inllantly flies 

 away. See pi. i. No. I. Mafic; fome examj)Ies from the 

 5th edition of this excellent httle tracl, printed in 1764. 



ACCIAIOLI, DoNATUs, in Biography, a learned Flo- 

 rentine of the 15th century, was born in 1428, and diflin- 

 guiflicd by the honourable employments which were af- 

 iigned him in his native country, and by the probity and 

 difintereftednefs of his character. He publilhed commen- 

 taries on the ethics and politics of Ariflotle, which he col- 

 lected from the Icdures of Argyropolus the Byzantine, and 

 tranflations of the lives of Alcibiades and Demetrius from 

 Plutarch, to which were added thofe of Hannibal and 

 Scipio, and of Aretino's twelve books of the hiflory of 

 Florence, printed at Venice in 1476. He alfo wrote an 

 Abridgment of the Life of Charlemagne, and fome other 

 Treatifes. Having been fent to France by the Florentines 

 to fue for fuccour from Louis XL againft Pope Sixtus IV. 

 he died on his journey at Milan, in 1473 ; but his body 

 was carried to Florence, and buried in the church of the 

 Carthufians. His dai.'ghters, like thofe of Ariftides, were 

 married, and portioned at the public expence, as an ac- 

 knowled'i'ment of his fervices. His funeral eulogium was 

 pronounced by Chrillopher Landini, and an elegant epitaph 

 by Politian, was infcribed on his monument. Gen. Dift. 



AcciAioLi, Zctiobio, a learned Dominican, of the fame 

 family with the former, continued to enjoy the office of 

 library-keeper to Pope Leo X. from the year 15 18, to his 

 death in 1520, ,as fome fay, in 1537 according to others, 

 at the age of 58. He learned Greek and Hebrew towards 

 the clofe of his life, tranflated fever.l of the fathers, and 

 wrote feveral orations and poems, fermons on the Epiphany, 

 and fome other pieces. He likewife collefted a \-olume of 

 Politian's Greek epigrams, which were publifhed in I495< 

 Bayle. 



AcciAiOLi, Angela, cardinal, legate, and archbifhop of 

 Florence, died in 1407. He prefei vcd the Florentines in 

 their obedience to the pontiff Urban VI. when attempts 

 were made to feduce them in favour of Clement VII. He 

 wrote a work, with a view of healing fchifm, which then 

 rent the church. 



AcciAioLi, Renatus, defcended from a noble family of 

 Florence, atchieved the conqueft of Athens, Corinth, and 

 a part of BoEOtia, at the beginning of the 15th century. 

 Having no mule iffue by Eubois, his wife, he bequeathed 



Athens 



