A C C 



diei thereof. This is what we call intro/n/cplm ; and it is 

 thus that plants and animals are ivc.irilhed. 



AccRKTioN, in the Civil Law, denotes the union or ac- 

 cession of a thing vague or vacant, to another ahcady oc- 

 cupied or difpolcd of. 



A legacy given to two perfons jointly, tarn r: qiiam verbis, 

 falls wholly to him that iurvives the lellator, by right of ac- 

 cretion. Ai.LvviON is another fpecies of accretion. 



ACCROCHE', in H.-ra/Jry, denotes a thing being hook- 

 ed into aniither. Coats Herald. 



ACCROJHING, in old Ln-M books, the aa of in- 

 croaching or ufurping on another's right ; and particularly 

 the attempt to exercife royal power, which was a very vague 

 charge, and led to a multitude of conllruftive treafons. Tln-fe 

 are limited and defined by Jlat. 25 Ed. III. cap. 2. The 

 word is originally French, accrochcr, which fignifics to fallen 

 a thing by a hook. 



ACCRUE, or AccRKv.', in Laiv, is undcrRood, of a 

 part that accedL'S to, or iolljws the p.-opcrty of, anotticr part 

 or perfon. 



Accrued, in UcraU'ry, a term applied to a tree full- 

 grown. 



ACCUBAl'ION, a pofture of the body, between fitting 

 and lying. 



The word is compounded of ad, to ; and cuho, I He do'wn. 

 Accaiation, or accubilus, was the table poft'are of the 

 Greeks and Romans ; v.'hence we find the woiils particu- 

 larly ufcd for the lying, or rather, as we call it, fitting down 

 lo meat. 



The Greeks introduced this pofture. The Romans, dur- 

 ing the frugal ages of the republic, were itrangers to it. 

 l>\it as luxuiy got footing, this pofture was adopted, at 

 Icaft by the men ; for a.s to women, it was reputed an inde- 

 cency in them to lie down among the men ; though after- 

 wards this too was got over. But children did not lie 

 down, nor fervantp, nor foldiers, nor perfons of meaner 

 condition ; but took their meals fitting, as a pofture lefs 

 indulgent. 



The Roman manner of difpofing themfelves at table was 

 this ; a low round table was placed in the cosnaculum, or 

 dining-room, and about this ufually three, fometimes only 

 two beds, or couches ; accord ng to the niunber of which, 

 it was called biclinium, or Iriclinium. Thefe were covered 

 with a fort of bsd-cloaths, richer or plainer, according to 

 the quality of the pe'.'fon, and furniihcd with quilts and pil- 

 lows, that the guefts might he tlie more commodiouily. 

 There were ordinarily three perfons on each bed ; to crowd 

 more was cftetmed fordid. In eating they lay down on 

 their left fides, with their heads refting on their pillows, 

 or rather on their elbows. The firft lay at the head of the 

 bed, with his feet extended behind the back of the fecond : 

 the fecond lay with the back of his head towards the navel 

 iif the firft, only feparated by a pillow, his feet behind the 

 back of the third ; and fo of the third, or fourth. The 

 middle place was efteemed the moft honourable. Before 

 they came to table they changed their cloaths, putting on 

 what they cnlled cienaloria vijfis, the dining garment, and 

 pulled off their flioes, to prevent foihng the couch. Pitifc. 

 Lex. Ant. 



ACCUBITOR, an ancient officer of the emperor of 

 Conftantinople ; whofe bufinefs was to lie near the emperor. 

 The accubitor wiis the head of the youths of the bed- 

 chamber, and had the cubiculariiis and procubitur under 

 bim. 



ACCUMULATION, compounded of ad, to ; and cu- 

 mulus, heap 5 the aft of heaping, or apiaffing fcveral things 

 together. 



A C C 



Acoumuuahom, in a /^.f(// fcnfe, denotej 1 concurrency 

 of fcvei-al titles to the fame thing ; as, when a perfun clainiit 

 lands, a benefice, or the like, in virtue of fevcnil titlc«, or 

 pretcnfions of different kinds ; e. g. by death, by refigna- 

 tion, 5cc, Or it denotes a concurrence of fevcril clrcum- 

 ftances to the proof of one facl : thus, we read of accunui. 

 lative trcafon ; which is, where a fac^ is not trvafon in itftlf, 

 but becomes fo by an accumulation of circumftances. 



The earl of .''.trafTord was condemned of accumulative 

 trcafon ; none of the faC\s alleged againft him amoimting 

 fingly to trcafon. But his attainder was rcvcrfed by 13 & 14 

 C."ir. II. cap. 29. 



Accumulation, in the ancient /1'^iiculture, denote* the 

 operation of covering up the roots of trees, by throwing on 

 them the enrlh that had been before dug from ihein ; in 

 which fenfc, accumulation (lands oppofcd to ABLAeiUEA- 

 TiON. Pliny Nat. Hift. vol. ii. p. 88. Ed. Hard. 



Accumulation of nrm.t, cuniulalio armorum, in Heral- 

 dry, is what the moderns call q^jarterinc of arms. 



N;fi-,Gt. 



Accumulation of D.'^rees, in an Uni-jerflv, is ufcd 

 for the taking of feveral BrcRrEs together, and with fewer 

 exercifes, or nearer to each other, than the ordinary nJei 

 allow of. 



ACCURSED, fomething that lies under a curfe, or fen- 



tcnce of EXCOMMUNICATION. 



In the Jewilh idiom, accurfal and crucified were fynony- 

 mous. Among them, every one was accounted accurfcd, 

 who died on a tree. 



This ferves to explain the difficult pafTagc in Rom. ix. 3. 

 where the apollle Paul wiflics hinilelf accurfcJ afirr the man- 

 ner of C.hrijl, i. e. crucified, if hrjipily he might by fuch a 

 death fave his counti^men. The prepofition i.-\ here made 

 ufe of, is ufcd in the fame fenfe, 2 Tim. i. 3. where it ob- 

 vioufly fignifies afUr the manner of. 



ACCtfRSIUS, in Bio-^raphy, a profelTor of law in the 

 13th century, bom in Florence, who, on account of his 

 great authority, was called the idol of the lawyers. Three 

 other lawyers of eminence had the fame name. 



ACCURSIUS, Maxiangi-lus, a famous critic of the 

 1 6th century, born at Aquilo, in the kingdom of Naples. 

 His Diatribse, printed at Rome in 1524, fol. on Aufonius, 

 Solinus, and Ovid, evince his diftinguiftied enidition. In 

 his edition of Ammianus Marcellinus at Augft^urg, in I J33, 

 there are five books more than in any preceding ones, and 

 he fays that he had coirecfled 5000 errors. Although his 

 predominant palTion was the collefting of old MSS. he 

 neverthelefs made Latin and Italian verfes, was mafter of 

 the French, German, and Spanlfti languages, and under- 

 ftood optics and mufic. Having been charged with pla- 

 giarifm in his edition of Aufonius, he purged himfelf by 

 oath. Bayle. 



AccuRSius, or Arcopso, Francis, the /•/</< r, an emi- 

 nent lawyer, was born at Bagnolo, near Florence^ in 11S2, 

 and became profefTor of law in the uuiverfity of Bologna, 

 where he had ftudied. He undertook the great work, -of 

 forming into one confiftent and liarmoi.ious whole, the nu- 

 merous comments on the Code, the Inftitu-.es and the Digcfts. 

 This work, intitled, " A perpetual Commentary," was 

 much valued, and is printed with the " Body ol Law,'' 

 publiihed in fix volumes foho, at Lyons, in 1627. Accorfo 

 died very rich, in 1260. His fon, the younger Francis 

 Accorfo, fucceeded him in the chair of law ; and, in 1273, 

 accompanied Edward I. on his return from tlie crufadcs lo 

 England. Gen. Did. 



A ecus AT I( J, among Piivficians, is a word of the fame 

 import as Indicatio. 



S 2 



ACCUSA.- 



