ACE 



ACE 



proportion by alcoliol. ^'}^:jtcr., and tlic fixed alkalies de- 

 compofe it, by union with its acid ; tlie ilroni^cT ncids do the 

 fame, by cuinbiuing \%itli its earthy bale : n-.oH of the car- 

 bouats and fulphals decoinpoi'e it by compcniiui affinity : 

 when in folution, it is doilr. ved fpontaneouily Ijy deconi- 

 polition of the acid, and depofts carbonat of lime : in dry 

 dillillatioii it yields hydrocarbunous gas, empyreimvatic acid 

 and oil, charcoal and calcareous carbonat. 



It is iliU admitted into ihe foreign pharmacopccas as a 

 fudorilic and diuretic. 



Beaumc-, Ch. Exp — Fourcroy, Syft. des Connaif. Cliim. 

 Encyclop. Method, art. Acete Calcaire. — Grcn, ut fupra. 



AcETiTE or Barytjt.s. y^fcUle <k Baryt. 



This fait is ufually prepaicd by adding caibonat of ba- 

 rytes to diililled vinegar, in which cafe the acid is always in 

 cxccfs : uhen reduced by evaporation, to the coiifi.lence of 

 a fynip, and allowed to cool gradually, it depofits a white 

 opaque granular fiilt, and the iides of the veflel are covered 

 with filky filaments of the fame : a better way of procuring 

 this fubttance, is by boiling for a few minutes the fulphuret 

 ofbarytesin a flight excefs of acetous acid, (vide Acktite of 

 Strontian). filtering the folution, and fetting it to evaporate 

 fpontaneoufly ; tranfparent crylhils may thus be obtained 

 in long flcnder prifms. The fall formed by either of thefe 

 methods is permanent in the air, and decompofable by moft 

 of the minei-al acids, the carbonated alkahes, and the lul- 

 phuric falts. Its only ule is as a reagent, for afceilaining 

 the preience of fuiphuric acid in thofe cafes where the muriat 

 or nitrat of barytes might affect the refults of the analyfis. 



Encyclop. Method, art. Accte Barotique. 



AcETiTE or Strontian. Ai- elite tie Strotrfian. 



To any quantity of warm diftilled vinegar, add gradually 

 fulphuret of ftrontian, as long as any efiervefcence is per- 

 ceived ; then boil the liquor for a few minutes and filter ; 

 add afterwards, drop by drop, a folution of acetite of lead, 

 (fugar of lead) as long as any precipitate takes place, then 

 fuffcr the liquor to Hand for a few hours, and finally feparate 

 it from the dark fediment by filtration. This fait has not 

 as yet been the fubjeft of experiment ; its properties are, in 

 all probability, very fimilar to thofe of the Acet. Baryt. 

 It is not made any ufe of. 



Acetite of Magnesia. Acetite de Magnefie. 



This fait is prepared by faturating diftilled vinegar with 

 carbonated magnefia, then boiling the liquor to feparate the 

 remains of carbonic acid, and filtering it, if turbid, to get 

 rid of the excefs of carbonated magnefia. 



The taile of acetite of magnefia is fwcet, with a flight 

 mixture of bitter : by evaporation, it is reduced to a vifeous 

 fyrupy confiftence, incapable of being ci-yilallized ; but by 

 further concentration, and fubfequent cooling, becomes 

 folid, and deliqucfcent in the air : it is totally foluble infpirit 

 cf wine, and from the eale with which it is decompofcd, the 

 afiinity between its elements appears to be extremely weak. 

 The alkalies, and the reft of the alkaline earths, moft of 

 the mineral, vegetable, and animal acids are capable of de- 

 compofing this fait bv abllraftion of its acid or earthy bafe. 

 It is not made any ufe of. 



Encyclop. Method, art. Accte Magnefien. Pearfon's Ta- 

 bles of Afiinity. 



Acetite OF Alumine. ylcetite tP illumine. Aluminous 

 mordant of the calico-printers. 



Of all the acetous falts this is the moft important, being 

 abfolutely eflential to the improved Hate of the arts of 

 DvEiNG and Calico-printing. It is not eafy to pre- 

 pare this fait direftly, diftilled vinegar, even when con- 

 centrated, having no perceptible aftion on clay ; the frefh 

 precipitated and wafhtd eartk of alum is indeed foluble by 

 Vol, L 



long digeftion in a large excefs of acetous acid ; but the mo!l 

 economical and eftedual way of producing the fait in qucf- 

 tion, is by means of the double affinities of common alu-n 

 and fugar of lead. For this purpofe, to a blood-wann fohi- 

 tiiin of alum in rain-water, is firftofall to be caulioully added 

 a folution of pearlafti, or any other fufticiently pure alkali, 

 till the liquor is juit upon i.he point of becoming turbid, in 

 order to faturate the excefs of acid in common alum ; a cold 

 faturated folution of acetite of had (fugar of lead) in rain- 

 water is then to be ftirred in as long as any precipitation 

 takes place : by ftanding a few hours, the fulphat of lead 

 entirely fubfides, and the fupeiuatant clear liquor, coi.laining 

 acetite of alumine and potafh, may be drawn off with a fy- 

 phon. Bv wafliing the fediment with cold water a dilute 

 folution of acetite of alumine is obtained, which may be ufcd 

 inllead of water in diftblving alum for the next preparation 

 of aluminous mordant. 



Acetite of alumine thus prepared has an acetous ftrongly 

 flyptic tafte : by gradual evaporation and cooling, it affun.cs 

 the form of fmall uecdle-diaped ciyftals, which arc exceed- 

 ingly deliqucfcent : by a heat inferior to that of boiling 

 water, the acid is almoft wholly driven off. It ij decom- 

 pofcd by magnefia, and by all the fubftances that decompofc 

 acetite of magnefia. Its ufe is ahnoft wholly confined 

 to the dyers and calico-printers. 



Encyclop. Method, art. Acete Alumineux. 



Acetite of Glycine. Acetite dc Glucine. 



This is an uncryftallizable fait, which by evaporation be- 

 comes of a gummy femiduililc confiftence ; its taile is fweet 

 and veiy aitringent, with a flavour of vinegar : its other 

 properties have not been examined into ; it is not applied t» 

 any ufe. B. la Grange, ii. 452. 



For the metallic acetites, fee the refpeftive metals. 



ACETIFICATION is ufed by fome Chew'ifis to denote 

 the aftion or operation, by which vinegar is made. Sec 

 Acetous Fermentation. 



ACETOSA, in Botany. See Rumex and Sorrel. 



ACETOSELLA. See Rumex, Oxalis, znd wood 

 Sorrel. 



ACETOUS AClB—Dj/lilled vine^jr—Aclde Aceteux 

 — Acetum dijlillatum, Lond. et Edin. Pharm. in ChnniJIry, is 

 produced from faccharine mucilage, gum mucilage, f;-cula and 

 all vinous liquors, through the medium of the acetous fer- 

 mentation ; alfo in urine and dunghills during their fpon- 

 taneous decompofition ; from the dry diftillalion of wood, 

 mucilage, and tartar, from the aftion of fuiphuric acid on 

 many vegetable fubftances ; and from the fuperoxygenatioii 

 of moft of the other vegetable acids. It is prepared for ufe, 

 however, in the large way, only by the former of thefe me- 

 thods, and is called alegar, if made from malt liquor ; but if 

 from any other fermentable liquor, it bears the name of Vi- 

 negar. 



Common vinegar never contains this acid in a ftate of 

 purity, but always contaminated by mix'.ure with tartar, 

 mucilage, and carbonaceous matter, which render it very- 

 liable to fpontaneous decompofition ; thefe lubllances can 

 only be got rid of by having recourfe to diftillaiion, which 

 ought to be performed in g'ali or tinned-copper vcffels ; the 

 firft produft of this operation is an odorous, faintly acid 

 liquor containing alcohol ; the next is lefs odorous and more 

 acid ; and what comes over towards the end of the operation 

 is a ilill ilronger acid, but with an empyreumatic flavour, 

 and a flight tinge of colour : hence, in diftilling four part* 

 of vinegar, the fiiil may be rejefted as too much diluted, 

 and the procefs may be ftopped when three-fourths of the 

 liquor is come over. If diftilled vinegar is expoftd to froft 

 in a broad Ihallow yellel, and the ice removed as it fonns, till 



T . it 



