A C H 



M. (Ic la Barrif, in tliree volumes folio. With regard to fub- 

 jedls of ecclefiaftical liillory this may be an ufcful book of 

 reference. The title of the Afts of the Saints, of the 

 order of vSt. liennet, alfo exprefles, that they were coUefted 

 and publilhed by him and Mrsblllon. He died at Pans 

 April 291)1, 1685, in the abbey of St. Germain, where he 

 had been librarian. Gen. Ditt. 



ACHERNER, or Acharni-r, \n /IJlmnomy, a ftar of 

 the lirll ma:rnitiide in the fontiiern extremity of the con- 

 llellation Ep.idanus, but invllible in our latitude. It is 

 marked a by Bayer. Its longitude for 1761 was X i I ° 5 1 ' 1 " ; 

 and latitude 59° 22' 4" S. 



ACHERON, in Mythology, a river of Epirus, which 

 the pocta feigned to be the fon of Ceres, whom flie hid in 

 hell for fear of the Titans, and converted into a river, over 

 which fouls departed were ferried in their way to Elyfiuni. 

 The Acheron of the lower regions is derived by Servius 

 and others from ay='j x^-P^f' ivuhout joy. 



Acheron, in /Ir.cienl Geography, a river of Thcoprotia in 

 Epirus, now Delichi ; which, rifing in the country of the 

 Mulofll and forming the lake of Acherufia, falls into the fca 

 near the promontory of Chimerium, to the weft of the Sinus 

 Ambracius, in a courfe from N. to S. Such is the account 

 of Ptolemy, Slrabo, and Thucydides. PHny fays, that it 

 fprings in the above-mentioned lake, and empties itfelf into 

 the Anibracian gulph. 



Acheron, or Acheros, is a river of the Brutii in Italy, 

 now Sa'juto, running from E. to W. In this river Alex- 

 ander king of Epirus was (lain by the Lucani, being de- 

 ceived by the oracle of Dodona, which bade him beware of 

 Acheron, and of the city of Pandofia. Alexander, not 

 knowing that in this country there were a river and city of 

 the fame names with thofo of Epirus, purfued his military 

 operations without fear of danger. But, being driven by 

 the enemy to the border of a river, which v%'as overflown with 

 rains, he plunged into it on horfeback ; when one of his at- 

 tendants, feeing him in danger of Ijeing drowned, exclaimed, 

 " curfed Acheron ! thou art juftly called by a fatal name !" 

 At thtfe words Alexander recollected the admonition of 

 the oracle : and, whilil he r/as hefitating whether he fhould 

 proceed or net, lie was tralteroudy put to death by one of 

 the Lucani, who were appointed to be his guards. Livy, 

 1. viii. c. 24. vol. ii. p. 760. Ed. Drak. 



ACIIERONTA,in^,-;.'(;CT5/oo-y,afpeciesofpAPiLio,with 

 deutated wings, the anterior being red at their bafe, and black 

 at the apex, fpottcd v>itli white. It is found in Brafil. 



ACHERONTIA, a fmall city of Apulia, now ylcerenza, 

 fituate on a hill, and thence called by Horace (Od. 3, 4.) 

 a bird's neft. 



iVCHERSET, in Engiyii Jiniiquity, a mcafure of corn 

 conjeCLUred to be the fame with our quarter or eight buihels. 

 Tiie monks of Peterboroiigh had a weekly allowance of 

 1 2 ncherfcies tie frumcnto, and 8 achcrfotes di brqfio, and 

 6 degradl, and 1 1 r.chsrfotes defabh, &c. Spelman. 



ACHERUSIA palus, in ylndr.t Geography, a lake be- 

 tween Cumas and the promontory Mifenurn, now // largn 

 dtila CoUaria, or del Fufaro. Some confound it with the 

 lacus Lucrhtiis, and others with the L;cus jl-vernl ; but 

 Strabo (vol. i. p. 374) and Pliny (H.N. 1. iii. c. 5. vol. i. 

 p. 1 54) diilli'.guirn them. The former fupppfes it to be 

 an '■iTufion of the fea ; and therefore called by Lycophrsn, 

 ■(v. 6y5) A;)^;p>io-t» yji^'-^- There if a lake of Epirus of this 

 name, through which the Acheron nnis. There is alfo an 

 Aclierufia, which is a peninfula of Bithynia on the Euxine, 

 n^ar lieraclea ; and a cave of the fame name, through which 

 Hercides is fabled to have defcended into hell,, to drag forth 

 Cerberus. 



Vol. I, 



A C II 



ACIIATA, in r.iiiomoi^v, a name by whicli Linnxu.\ 

 has dilUnguilhed the tliird taniily of tlie Grylli's; the 

 charaiSlers of which arc, that they h.ive two briillcs lituated 

 above the extremity of the abdomen, and three lien. mala ; 

 and that the tarli are compofed of three articulation-^ 

 .Twenty-eight fpccies are enumerated in the new edition of 

 tlie Syllema Naturi. The infeds of this family feed upon 

 tlie roots of plants. See Cricket. 



ACHIA, a kind of cane which grows in the Eall In- 

 dies, and is picklrd there while green, with llrong vinegar 

 and pcppjr, together with fome other fpice and ingredic!il-. 



ACHIACHICA, in Gecgmphy, a town of the province 

 of Angelos or Tlascala in Mexico. 



ACHIjENUS, ot Acii;einus, in Natural Hijlory, a 

 word ufed by the ancients to exprefs a flag' or deer, in the 

 fccond year's age. In the full it was called nebrus, in the 

 third diciotus, and always after that ceralles. 



ACIIIAR, is a Malayan word, fignifying all forts of 

 fruits and roots pickled with vinegar and fpice. The 

 Dutch import from Batavia all forts of Achiar. The name 

 is applied to whatever the Achiar is made of, as- bamboo 

 achiar, &c. 



ACHICOLUM, is ufed to exprefs the fornix, thohis, 

 or fudatorium of the ancient baths ; which was a hot room 

 where they ufed to fweat. It was alfo called architiiolus. 



ACHILLEA, Mdfoil, in Botany, fo called from Achilles, 

 who is fuppofed to have acquired fome knowledge of 

 botany from his mailer Chiron ; and to have ufed this plant 

 for the cure of wounds and ulcers ; a genus of t.\\c fyngeiirfa 

 polygamiaj'upcrf.v.a clafs of plants, and of the natural order of 

 compofttx difcoidcir : the characters are, that the common 

 calyx is ovated, and imbricated, with ovate, acute, converging 

 fcales ; the compound corolla is radiate, the hermapln'odltc 

 coroUcts are tubular in the dl(lc ; and the females ligulate, 

 being from five to ten in the ray ; the proper corolla of the 

 hermaphrodites is funnel-fhaped, five-cleft, and fpreading ; 

 the female obcordate, fpreading and trifid, the middle clclt 

 being lefs than the others : the {lamina in the hermaphnv 

 dites confift of five capillary, veiy fi'.ort filaments, and the 

 anther is cylindrical and tubular ; the piilillum in the her- 

 maphrodites has a fmall germ, a filiform ftyle of the length 

 of the ilamens, and an obtufe, cmarginate lligma ; in the 

 females, a fmall germ,- i'lliform llyle, of the fame length as in 

 the others, and two obtule, reflex lligmas ; there is no peri- 

 carpium ; the calyx is fcarcely changed ; the receptacle i^s 

 filiform, elongate as the di(k of tlie feeds, ovate, and twice the 

 length of the calyx : the feeds are folitary, ovate, fu'iiilheil . 

 with flocksjbut without down ; and tlie reccptaculum k chad y 

 and elevated ; the chaffs being lanceolate, of the ler.gth of 

 the florets. There are 27 fpecies, vi/.. i. the Sautolina or 

 lavender cotton leaved Milfoil, with large yellow flowers 

 Handing fingly on long peduncles, v.hofe leaves v.hen rubbed 

 emit a Ilrong oily odour, an inhabitant of the Levant, cul- 

 tivated by rjiller in 1759, and flowering in June and July : 

 — 2. the Agkratum, fvveet M. or maudlin: — 3. tiic 

 falcnta, or fickie-lcaved M. a native of the eaft, where it is 

 ufed in medrcine : — 4. the tomtr.tofa, or woolly M. which 

 grosvs naturally in Spain, the South of France, and Italy, 

 bears the open air in England, was cultivated in the O^:ford^ 

 garden in 1658, and bears flowers that retain their beauty 

 for a confidcruble time : — 5. the puhejccns, or downy M. 

 witlioat clialTs to the receptacle, a native of the Levant, and 

 cultivated in theCJicIfea garden in 1 739 : — 6. ^Malrotcn'Solin, 

 or fouthern-wcod leaved M. a native of the Levant, whicWa s 

 cultivatvd by Mr. Miller in 1739, and flowers in J'.ne a»(l 

 July :— 7. the I'p'mr.ata, a native of the Levant :— 8. the 

 jEgyJitlajj, v.;th iuie filveiy leaves, which make a good ap- 

 U pcai-ancc 



