A C R 



A C R 



Tl If Scots acre co-nains 4 Scots roods, and bears pro- 

 poi-tiwi to that of t'.u- Englifh by tlLitute, as 100,000 to 

 7!*, 69.1, rcg^-d being hud to the diflerciice betwixt the Scots 

 and Ei)!jli(h f')i)t. One ftiiiave rood is 40 fquare falls ; one 

 f'<jti;ire lull, 36 f(|\iare ells ; one Iquarc ell, 9 fc;uare teet, and 

 7'? Ajuare inclK-- ; and a fqnare foot, 144 fquare inches. The 

 Scots acre !'! alfo divided into ten fquare chains; the mea- 

 fiirinpr chaiii beinST 24 ells in lenirtli, and confillin^ of 100 

 links, each link S.928 inches; and each fquare chain will 

 contain lo.cco fquare links. The Iviglifli ftatute acre is 

 abo*!t y rood' and 6 falls, (landard meafure of Scotland. 



The F'-cnch acre, arpcnt, is different in various pro- 

 viiices ; the acre of Paris contains 100 fquare perches, the 

 perch Titir.ij iR feet, or ^ toifes ; but in fome places the 

 perch is Jo. feet, and in others 22. Allowin;:^ the propor- 

 tion oT the' IvntjlifH' fquare foot to be to that of the French, 

 * TOOO to I l/Jj, the acre of 1 00 fquare perches, at 18 feet 

 each, will be ;?2, 400 French fquare feet, orabout 36,774 Eng- 

 mh fquare feet, and the perch being 22 feet, the acre will 

 Rt 48,400 French fquai'e feet, or about 54.934 Englilh fquare 

 feet ; and the F.nglifli acre being 43,560 fquare feet, it 

 v.-ill bd verj' eafy to eftimate the proportion of the one to 

 the other. The Strafburg acre is about half an EngUfh 

 sere. The Welfli acre contains commonly two Englifh 

 oiirts. The Lilli acre is equal to i acre, 2 roods, 19 perches 

 -,'-',-, Englini. 



Houghton gives a table of the number of acres to a houfe 

 in each county of South Britain, which is found to vai^ ia 

 rl)it Englifh counties from 3-^ acres, the proportion in Mid- 

 dlefex, 'and 17I in Surry, to 49 acres in Southampton ; in 

 the Wclfli counties, from 51 acres, as it is found in FHnt- 

 Ihire, to 1 93, a; in Merionethiliire. 



Dr. Grew attempts to afcertain tbe number of acres in 

 England ; which, according to him, amounts to 46 mil- 

 lions and 80,000. Phil. Tranf. N° 330, or Abr. vol. iv. 

 p. 450. Sir William Petty reckons but 28 millions ; others 

 29 millions. And by an account of the number of acres in 

 each county, fuppofed to be taken from fome old regiflers, 

 tlie number of acres in England amounted only to 39 J 

 millions. • Others eftimate the number of acres in England 

 and \Y ales at about 46,916,000 ; and in Scotland 2 6,000,000; 

 whiltt others again affert, that England and Wales contain 

 no more than 38,500,000 acres ; and that Scotland with its 

 adjacent iflands, contains about 21 millions of acres. Allow- 

 ing v.'ith Zimmermann, (Political Survey, p. 192.) that 

 England and Wales contain 54,112 fquare miles, and Scot- 

 land 25,600 fqi'.are jiiiles ; the number of acres in the 

 former will be 34,631,680, and in the latter 16,384,000. 

 Ireland, comprehending 21,216 fquare miles, will contain 

 13,578,240 acres. 



The United Provinces are faid to contain 4,382,000 

 acres, "but reckoning witii Zimmermann (Political Survey, 

 p. 164.) the area 10,000 fquare miles, the number of 

 acres %vill be 6,400,000; and the province of Holland is 

 eflimated at one million of acres, cr according to the fame 

 writer, 1,280,000 acres : and they were thought fomierly to 

 contain 2,400,000 perfons, but according to a public accoimt 

 given in 1785, 2,758,632 perfons. If England were as 

 well peopled in proportion, it is faid that it would contain 

 46 millions of inhabitants, /. e. about feven or eight times 

 as many as it now contains. 



The area of France, according to the ftatement of Necker, 

 is 157^924 fquare miles; and if this eflimate be juft, it 

 contains 101,07 1,360 acres. Spain, according to Lopez's 

 map, contains 148,448 fquare miles ; and confequently 

 95,006,720 Englifh acres. Portugal comprehends 27,376 

 fquare miles, or 17,579,640 acres. The vrhole of Turkey 



in Europe, Afia, and Africa, eftimated at 800,000 fquare 

 miles, contains 51 2,coo,ooo acres. The European part of 

 Rufria is laid to contain 1,194,976 fquare miles, and confe- 

 quently 764,784,640 acres ; and Afiatic RuHia fujipofcd to 

 be 3,695,024 fquare miles, includes 2364,815,360 acres. 

 If Sweden contains 216,000 fquare miles, as Bufching ilates 

 it, its extent in Englifh acres will be 138,240,000. Den- 

 mark, coiAprehending 182,400 fquare miles, will contain 

 116,736,000 acre",. Poland and Lithuania, eftimated at 

 160,800 fquare miles, will contain 102,9 j 2,000 acres. The 

 kingdom of PrufTia, including the countnes that arc inde- 

 pendent of the German empire, fuppofed to contain 57,600 

 fquare miles, comprehends 36,864,000 ; and Pruflia alone 

 containing 22,144 fquare "^liles, includes 14,172,160 acres. 

 Germany, eftimated at 191,571 fquare miles, contains 

 122,605,440 acres. Switzerland, containing 15,396 fquare 

 miles, has 9,789,440 acres. Italy, containing 90,000 fquare 

 miles, has 57,600,000 acres. Hungai-y and Tranfylvania, 

 having 92,1 12 fquare miles, include 58,951,680 acres. The 

 number of fquare miles in Europe is eftimated at 2,627,574, 

 and confequently it contains 1681,647,360 acres. The ter- 

 ritoiT of the United States of America, according to the 

 meafurement and computation of Mr. Hutcliins, geographer 

 to the States, contains 589 millions of acres, exclufivcly of 

 water, which is computed at 51 millions more. Morfe's 

 Geog. p. 35. See Political Anthmctic. 



By a ftatute of 31 Eliz. it was ordained, that if any man 

 erefted a new cottage, he fhould add four acres of land to 

 it ; but this ftatute was repealed by 15 Geo. III. c. 32. 



AcRE-F,(j-/v, is an old fort of duel, fought by fuiglc 

 combatants, Englifli and Scotch, between the frontiers of 

 their kingdoms, with fword and lance ; and this duelling 

 was alfo called camp-fight, and the combatants, champions, 

 from the open field that was the ftage of trial. 



AcRE-TVf.v, a tax laid on land at fo much per acre. In 

 fome places this is alfo called acre-ftiot. Impglitions on 

 lands in the Great Level are to be raifed by a proportion- 

 able acre-tax. 20 Car. II. cap. 8. An acre-tax of 2s. 6d. 

 per acre, for draining Hadenhain level. 13 Geo. I. 

 •cap. 18. 



ACREjE, in Anc'ient Geography, a town placed by Pto- 

 lemyinSicily. N.lat. 36°. 40'. E. long. 39° 15'. See AcR^. 



ACREDULLA, in Zoology, a fpecies of the Mus, in 

 the Linnxan fyftcm ; the migratory moufe of Pallas, with 

 pouches to the cheeks, finuated fmall ears, a grey body, 

 with the lower part white. It is four inches lung ; with 

 an annulated tail, the upper part of which is brown : 

 found in the Orenbourg diftrift of Siberia, near the river 

 Urgal. 



ACREL, OLOT,in Biography, W3.s born the 26th of No- 

 vember 1717, in a parifh in the neighbourhood of Stock- 

 holm, where his anceftors had been miniftei-s ever fince the 

 year 1580. He commenced his ftudies at Upf<il ; and in 

 the year 1738, tranfiated into the Swedifh language fome of 

 the works of Boerhaave. He then went to Gottingen, 

 where he continued his ftudies, and aftenvards to Straf- 

 bourg, and thence to Paris. In the year 1744, he fei-ved 

 •one campaign i;. the French army in Germany, whence re- 

 turning to Stockholm, he was admitted a member of the 

 furgeons' company there. In 1 746, he was elected into the 

 academy of fciences ; in 1 751, he was made one of the 

 foreign aftbciates of the academy of furgery at Paris. In 

 1 764, he was advanced to the degree of doftor of the faculty 

 of medicine at Upfal, and admitted to the royal college of 

 phyfic at Stockholm. He was in great reputation, and had 

 a confiderable ftiare of praftice, pnncipally in furgery, and 

 has left feveral works, all written in his own language, 



which 



