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mifiion.M-3 for fellliiig tlic jurifdiftion and policy of tlic 

 rliurch, by tlie Gemral Ailcmbly ; and being in the next year 

 tlcputed to report tlicir proceedings to the Earl of Morton, 

 then regent, he was named by tlais nobleman ai one of his 

 chaplains, and afterwards nvivanced by him to the archbi- 

 flioprlc of St. Andrew';;. I'his preferment fubjetted him 

 to various difputes with the General Aifembly, which con- 

 tinued for fe\eral years. lu 1577, he compoleda cateclnim 

 iji Latin verfes for the ul'e of the young piince, which was 

 iiiuch admired and applauded in England, France and the 

 Low Countries, wiicre the author was already known by 

 his Latin tranflation of the Confeifion of Faith, which was 

 printed in France, during his relidence in Fiance, at tlie 

 hazard of his life. In 1582, he was feized with a dlfordcr, 

 for the relief of which he took fojne imiple medicine that 

 was recommended to him by an old woman. This woman 

 cas ciiarged with witchcraft, and within three or four years 

 executal at Edinburgh ; and the prelate was traduced by 

 his enemies for applying to the devil in order to fave his life. 

 Tiie archbifliop, however, recommended himfelf to the fa- 

 vour of king James V'L by zealoully defending the epifca- 

 pal order ; and he was fent as his ambafladov to queen Eli- 

 zabeth, which office required his relidence in London for 

 ibme years. Q^ieeu Elizabeth was jealous of his populari- 

 ty, as a preacher, and dreading the impreflions which he 

 made on the minds of the people in favour of the young 

 king, his mafter, prohibited his preaching during his Jlay 

 in her dominions. Soon after the execution of the firft earl 

 of Cowrie, viz. in 1584, the archbilhop was recalled, and 

 fat in the parliament held at Edinburgh, and concun-ed in 

 cnatling feveral laws for fettling the peace of the kingdom, 

 and for eftabTilhing the king's authority in ecclefiaftical of- 

 fices. Many attempts were Hill renewed for degrading his 

 reputation, and making him odious to the people ; nor was 

 the royal declaration of the reafons which induced thofe 

 laws, fufiicient to reitrain them. At a provincial fynod, 

 held at St. Andrew's in 1586, the prelate was accufed and 

 excommunicated ; but upon his fubmiflion at the next Ge- 

 neral Affembly at Edinburgh, he was abfolved from the ex- 

 communication. Li 1588, a commiflion was granted by the 

 General Affembly, before which he was cited, for tr^-ing him 

 on account of various crimes, with which he was charged. 

 In the beginning of next year, he pubUfhed the Lamenta- 

 .tions of Jeremiah in Latin verfe, which he dedicated to the 

 king, and in which he complained of his hard ufage : and 

 at the clofe of the year he publilhed a fmiilar tranflation of 

 the Apocalypfe, together with a copy of Latin verfes, ad- 

 drefTed to his Majefty, and deploring his diilrefs. His ap- 

 plication, however, was of no avail. The revenue of his 

 fee was granted to the duke of Lenox, and the prelate, with 

 his family, were literally reduced to the want of bread. 

 The fcanty relief he obtained was procured for him in the 

 moll humiliating manner ; fo that he lingered out a moft 

 chearlefs exiftence till the latter end of the year 159 1. His 

 charafter has been vei-y differently appreciated by perfons 

 of difcordant fentlments in religion and politics. It is ge- 

 nerally allowed that he fupported, under the authority of 

 the king, oppreffive and injurious meafures ; arni that his 

 bigotiy and timidity involved him in the difficulties and dif- 

 grace which beclouded the clofe of his life. Duriug the 

 reverfe of his condition and the trials with which he \vas 

 exercifed, he manifefted fentiments of pious refignation. Of 

 his learning there is no qiiellion ; and he is faid to have been 

 one of the moll polite prelates of the age in which lie lived. 

 Befides thofe pious works, which were coUefted and publifhed 

 iii a 4to. volume, by Mr. Wilfon, this prelate wrote many 

 things which were never publilhed ; fuch as fix books on the 



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Hebrew republic, various iranflations of the propliets into 

 Latin verfe, preleftions on St. Paul's epiilles to Timotliy, 

 various apologetical and funend orations, and a very candid 

 hiilory of Iiis own times. Blog. Brit. 



ADAMSTOV.i'N, in Geo'^rciphy, a town of Lancafler 

 county in Penfylvania, confiiling of about 40 houfes ; 20 

 miles iiorth-eall of Lancafler. 



ADAMUS, in Alchemy, is ufed to fignify the phi- 

 lofopher's flon$;, which perfons addicled to this kind of 

 feiencc call aa animal, and, as they fay, has carried its 

 invilible Eve in its bt>dy, ever lince they were united by the 

 creator. 



ADANA, in Geography, a town of Natolla, or Afia 

 Minor, in the province of Caramania. It is iituated on the 

 river Choquen ; on the banks of which, is a finall but llrong 

 calllc, eredled upon a rock. The water of the river is 

 brought to the town by means of water-works, which con- 

 vey it into the feveral fountains ; and a bridge of 15 

 arches leads to thefe works. The climate is healthy, and 

 the winter mild ; but the fumiuer is fo hot as to render it 

 neceffary for the inhabitants to retire to the neighbouring 

 mountains, and to flicker themlelves in groves and grottoes. 

 The adjacent countiy is rich and fertile, and produces 

 melons, cucumbers, pomegranates, pulfe rmd herbs of all forts 

 through the year ; betides corn, wine and fruits in their 

 proper fcafon. Adana is much reforted to by the inhabi. 

 tants of the other towns of Cilicia, efpecially from the 

 mountain fide, for its wines, corn and other fruits, which 

 are hence difperfed into the moil bairen parts. It is about 

 ^o miles north-call of Tarfus. N. lat. 38° 10'. E. long, 

 36= 12'. _ 



Adana, in Anc'isnt Geography. See Aden. 



ADANATES, a people of the Cottian Alps, called by 

 Phny Edenales. 



ADA_NI Iiifuls, two iflands of the Red Sea, according 

 to Ptolemy. 



ADANO, fee Sturgeon. 



ADANSON, Michael, in Biography, was born at Aix 

 in Provence, in April 1727, and at a proper age he was fent to 

 Paris, where he profecuted his ftudies in medicine, botany, 

 and allronomy with fingular zeal. He was a pupil of the 

 Celebrated Reaumur. In the year 1748, be went to Se- 

 negal, where he fpent fix years in examining the produftions 

 found in the neighbourhood of the famous river of that 

 name. In return for fome valuable communications refpeft- 

 ing the geography of the country, and on the plants and 

 animals he had difcovercd there, which he fent to the Royal 

 Academy, he was made one of their con-efponding mem- 

 bers. On the death of Reaumur, in the year 1759, he was 

 eledled a member in his place, and about the fame time was 

 made honorary member of the Royal Society of London, 

 At the end of fix years, he returned to Paris, where he 

 publiflied his Hiftoire naturelle du Seneg:d, 4to. containing 

 obfervations on the difeafes incident to hot cKmates ; and 

 in 1763, his Famille des Plantes, 2 vol. 8vo. 



In February 1775, he prefented to the academy a plan of 

 a natural hiflory which he did not live to perfeft. The 

 time of his death, which happened foon after, is not precife- 

 ly kriown. 



ADANSONIA, in Botany, the name of which is derived 

 fromMr. Adanfon, above mentioned, is a genus of the mouadel- 

 ph:a order znUi polyamlna clafs,and belongs to the natural order 

 oi colummfera ■d.wA. Mal-vaccie oi ^m'&s.Vl. Its charaClers are, that 

 the calyx is a one-leafed femiquinquefid, cyathiform perlan- 

 thium, with divifions revohrte, and deciduous; the corolla 

 confifts of five, roundifli, nerved, revolute petals, connetled 

 b^ the claws with eacii other, and the llamina ; the flamina 



have 



