ADA 



ADD 



have numerous filaments united at bottoir. into a tube, wlilth 

 they crown, expanding hori/onlally : the pillilhim has an 

 ovate germ, very long, tubulous and varioully intorted llylc ; 

 the ftigmata are many (lo) prifmatic, villous and radiate- 

 expanded : the pericarpium is an ovate, woody, not gaping, 

 ten-celled (from lo to 14) capl'ule, with farinaceous pulp, 

 and the partitions membranaceous: the feeds are numerous, 

 kidney-lhaped, rather bony, and involved in a friable pulp. 

 The Ailanfoma d'lgitata, Ethiopian four-gourd, or Monkics' 

 bread, called alio Abavo, Cluunabanus and Baobab, is the 

 only known Ipecies of this genus. See Baobab. 



ADAOUS, in Geoaraphy, a people of Africa, rcfiding 

 on the ivory coail in the kingdom of Sacca. 

 ADAPTER, in Chemi/h-)'. Sec AnorrrR. 

 ADAR, in the He/'rciv Chronology, the 12th month of 

 the ecclcfiailieal year, and the 6th of the civil year. It 

 contains only 29 days, and anfwers to our February, and 

 fometimes enters into the month of March, according to 

 the courfe of the moon. On the 7th and 13th days of this 

 month, the Jews obferve two fails ; the former on account 

 of the death of Mofes, and the latter called that of Ellher, 

 in commemoration of the conipiracy of Haman. On the 

 gth they have a fall in commemoration of the fchifm be- 

 tween the fchools af Shamniai and Hilltl. The 12th is a 

 feail in honour of two profelytes at Laodicea, who pre- 

 ferred death to the violation of the law ; fome obferve the 

 13th as a feail in memory of the death of Nicanor, an ene- 

 my of the Jews. The fealls of Purim are celebrated on the 

 14th and 15th days ; the leffer on the 14th (Eilhei ix. 21.) 

 and the greater on the 15th day. The 17th is obferved in 

 commemoration of the Sages of Ifrael, who efcaped from 

 Koflik, a city of Arabia, whither they were driven by the 

 perfecution of Alexander Jannacus. The 20th is obferved 

 as a feaft in remembrance of the rain obtained in a time of 

 drought, during the reign of this prince. The dedication of 

 the temple of Zenibbabel wason the 23d day, Ezravi. 16. ; 

 and the 28th was obfei-vtd in commemoration of the repeal of 

 the decree by which the kings of Greece had forbidden the 

 Jews to circumcife their children, to obferve the fabbath,and 

 to decline foreign worfhip. Selden de Syned. 1. iii. c. 13. 

 Megillat. Taanith et Gemara. 



As the lunar year is (horter than the folar by 1 1 days, 

 which in three years amount to about a month, the Jews 

 then infert a 1 3th month, which they call v E ad ar, or a fecond 

 Adar, confilling of 29 days. This intercalation poftpones 

 the great fcafts, &c. a whole month. 



Adar, in Geography, a city in the tribe of Judah. 

 Jofhua XV. 3. Eufebius places another town of this name 

 in the neighbourhood of Lidda or Diofpolis, in the diftridl 

 of Thamna. 



ADARCE, in the Materia Medka of the ancients, a 

 faltifh humour, concreting about the (lalks of reeds and 

 other vegetable matter, in form of incrullations. The an- 

 cients fpeak of adarce, as chiefly produced in Cappadocia 

 and Galatia, though we alfo read of it in Italy ; and alfo of a 

 native kind produced in Indian reeds, much as fugar in the 

 cane. Its colour is like that of the fine powder of the 

 Aflian ftone, or Sarcophagus, and its fubllance is lax and 

 porous, much like the bullard fponge ; fo that it might be 

 called the baftard fponge of the marlhcs. It is a topic 

 adapted to rub and fcour the fl<in in a leprofy, fun -burning, 

 tetters, freckles, and fimilar blemifhes, being on the whole 

 of an acrimonious quality. Dr. Plot dcfcribes it in his na- 

 tural hiftory of Oxfordfliire. 



The incrullations often feen about our fprings, are very 

 different in their nature and (juahties from the ailanc of the 

 Greek phyficians. 

 Vol. I. 



Adarci, in Natural Hijhry, a name given by fomc 

 writers to the ckulepora fpnn^tta of Linnxuj. 



ADARCON, Aclarcnmm, an ancient coin mentioned in 

 fcripture, ufually of gold, derived, as fomc think, from thole 

 gold pieces coined by Darius, called oapi;^ci. SccDaric. 

 l^Iollus makes the adareon only equal to the attic drachma ; 

 but Eifhop Cumberland, after the fcholialU of Arillophancj 

 and Harpocration, twice as much. 



ADARE, in Geography, a fmall town in the county of 

 Limerick in Ireland, whicli was once fortified. 



ADARl, a town, according to Ptolemy, of Arabia 

 Felix. 



ADARINA, a town of India, .according to Ptolemy. 



ADARMK, in Commerce, a finall Spanifli weight ufed 

 through their American provinces, equal to the iixteenth 

 part of an ounce. Stephens renders it in Enghlh by a 

 dram. 



ADAROPOLIS, AJ2f!«ro^l,-, AJarl ctvitns, a city in 

 the Perfian gulf. 



ADARTICULATION is ufed by fome analowijl; for 

 apvfa.'Ji», by others for JtapSpuo-ij. See Arthrodia and 



DlARTHROSIS. 



ADAS A, or A Jar/a, in Anc'irnI Geography, a city of 

 Palelline, in the tribe of Ephraim, four miles from Bethoron, 

 and not far from Gophna. i Maccab. vii. 4J. This place 

 is called Adazar, and Adaco or Acedofa, by Jofcphus. 

 Here Nicanor, with 35,000 men, was overcome and routed by 

 Judas Maccabseus, with an army of 3000. We learn from 

 Jofcphus, that Judas, in another war, was killed in this place. 

 Jofeph. Ant. 1. xii. c. 17. and de Bell. 1. i. c. 1. 



ADASATRA, or AiUfaihrnn, a town according to 

 Ptolemy, and according to others a mountain of India. 

 The middle of this mountain is placed by Ptolemy in lat. 

 23°. and long. 132°. 



ADATAIS, or Adatys, in Commerce, a muflin or 

 cotton cloth very fine and clear, of which the piece is ten 

 French ells long, and three quarters broad. This muflin 

 comes from the Eail Indies, and the fineil from Bengal. 



ADATES, in Ancient Geography, a town of Pifidia in 

 Afia Minor. 



ADATTHA, a town of Afia, not far from the Eu- 

 phrates. In Ptolemy's charts, it is weit of the moimtains 

 which feparate, to the fouth-eaft, Cappadocia from Coma* 

 gene, in lat. 37° 30'. long. 69° 30'. 



ADAYES, in Hydrography. See Mexicano river. 



ADCHER, in tlie Materia Medica, a name given by 

 Avicenna and Serapion to the sc;enanth, or camel's hay. 

 The Arabians have not rellridled this word to thcfcrnanth 

 alone, but cxprefs by it all the kinds of ru/lies. Thus 

 Avicenna tells us, that the Adcher is of two kinds, the one 

 bearing no fruit, the other bearing a hard black fruit : thi'j 

 plainly belongs not to the fcasnanth, but to the common 

 rufh, of which Diofcorides ha^, in the fame manner, dc- 

 fcribed two kinds, thus differing from (me another. 



ADCORDABILES denarii, in ancient J.a-w-l>o')h, 

 denote money paid by the vaffal to his lord, in the nature of 

 a fine, upon the fale or exchange of a feud. The word is 

 fonned from accorder, to agree. 



ADCRESCENTES, in the Roman empire, the fame 

 with AccENSi. 



ADDA, or Addua, in Geography, a river of Switzer- 

 land and Italy, which rifes in Mount Brauiio, on the con- 

 fines of the Grifons, and, paffnig through the V;dtcline, 

 traverfes the lake Como, and the Milanefe, and falls into the 

 Po near Cremona. A canal has been carried from the city 

 of Milan to the Adda. Hillory records a famous battle 

 Dd on 



