ADD 



Cafe in. To aJd quantities wliicli arf unlike, with un- 

 like figiis : coUeft nil the like quantities together liy the 

 lall rule, and fet down thofe that arc unlike one another, 

 with their <)roper figns. Thus, 5.vr +4a.v — xy — 4<jx = 

 ^xy~xy=^xy : and —6^ax-{-2^/ ax — ^^iix-\-lo^/ ii-t 

 =:iz^/ax — ll,/ax = ^ax . And ^nb ~Ci^/ac-\-'^hc — 

 ^x-\-^x—-]iib-\-x>^/ac—2bc-\--] ~.^=^2iib — 2^^ac-{-bc — 



"• + ■- 



Addition of irroliontil qunntlties, ox funis. See Surd. 



Addition, in Lniv, is that name, or title, whieh is given 

 to a man over and above his proper name, and furname ; to 

 fliew of what cllate, degree, or myllery he is ; and of what 

 town, village, or country. 



ylJdil'wns nf FJitite, or quality, are yeoman, gentleman, 

 .efqnire, and fueh like. 



Addit'wm of Decree, are thofe we call names of dignity; 

 as knight, lord, earl, marquis, and duke. 



Additions of Myjlcry, are fueh as fcrivencr, paiiitcr, inafon, 

 and the hke. See Chopchurch. 



Additions of Place are, of Tiiorp, of Dale, of Woud- 

 flock. — "Where a man hath houfliold in two places, he 

 fliall be faid to dwell in both ; fo that his addition in cither 

 niav Uifliee. Knave was anciently a regidar addition. 



By flat. I Hen. V. cap. 5. it was ordained, that in all 

 original writs of atlions perional, appeals, and indiftments, 

 upon which procefs of outlawry may be awarded, fueh ad- 

 dition Ihould be made to the name of the defendant, to flicw 

 his ellate, degree, or myftei-y, and the place where he 

 dwells ; and that the writs, not having fueh additions, (hall 

 abate, if the defendant take exception thereto ; but not by 

 the office of the court. — The reafon of this ordinance was, 

 to prevent any clandelHne o: niiftaken outlawry, by reduc- 

 ing to a fpeciiic certainty the perfon who is the objecl of 

 its procefs. 



If one be of the degree of a duke, earl, &c. he fliatl have 

 the addition of the molt worthy dignity. 2 Inft. 669. 



Such titles, however, are not properly additions, but 

 names of dignity. The title of knight or baronet, is part 

 of the party's name, and ought to be rightly ufcd ; but 

 the titles of efqulre, gentleman, or yeoman, &c. being no 

 part of the name, but additions, as people pleafc to call 

 them, may- be ufed, or not ufed, or if varied, it is not ma- 

 terial. I Lill. 34. 



An earl of Ireland is not an addition of ho;iour here in 

 England ; but iuch a perfon mull be written by his Chrif- 

 tian and furname, with the addition of elquire only ; and 

 thi fons cf Englilh noblemen, although they have given them 

 titles of nobiht^*, in refpefl: to their families, if you fue 

 tliciT!, they_ mull be named by their Chriftian and furnamcs, 

 with the addition of efquirc ; as — fuch-a-one, efquire, com- 

 monly culled lord A, &C. 2 Inft. 596. 666, 



No addition is neceiTary where procefs of outlawry doth 

 not lie. I Salk. y. If a city be a county of itfelf, wherein 

 are feveral paridics, addition thereof, as ds I.rjtidon, is fiiffi- 

 cient ; but addition of a parilh not in a city, muil mention 

 the cownty, or it will not be good, i Danv. 337. 



Addition, in Mufic, is a dot placed on t'.e right fide 

 of a note, to fignify, that the time of the fouiid of fueh 

 note is to be lengthened half as much more, as it would , 

 otherwife be. 



A note of addition amounts to the fame with what is by 

 fome old Englifh authors called /■/•«■/■ of perf::':uii. 



Thus a fcmibreve, when marked with a dot, is to be as 

 long as three minims ; the minim, with the l.ke dot, to be 

 as long as three crotchets ; the crotchet, as three quavers, &c. 

 Sec Character. 



Additioms, la Heraldry, denote a kind of bearings, ii> 



ADD 



coafs of amis, wherein arc placed rewards, or additional 

 marks of honour. In whidi fenfe, additions Hand op- 



l)ofed to ABATEMINTS, Or DIMINUTIONS. StC DlF- 



FERENCK. 



Adtlillont refemble, but differ from ordinaries. To the 

 clals of additions belong a bordiirc, quarter, canton, gyron, 

 pyle, flafque, flaiiche, voider, and an inefeiitchcon gules, 

 called alfo an rfciitcliam if j<rctence. On any of thei'e may an 

 addition of honour be placed, according to the pleafnre of 

 the prince, or the fancy of the herald ; which reward de- 

 fccnds to none of the family, e.^;ccpt the perfon's own direct 

 line. In this manner the arms of a kingdom have been 

 fometimes given, by way of addition, to a private fubje(f\. 

 The eliimation in which thtfc additions are held, has de- 

 clined fmce the college has granted them to perfons who ap- 

 ply, although neither they nor any of their aneclloi-s have 

 had any particular claim on marks of the royal favour. 



Additiosis, in Dyiilling, a name given to fiicli things as 

 are added to the wafh, or liquor, while in a Hate of fer- 

 mentation, in order to improve thevinolity of the fpirit, pro» 

 cure a larger quantity of it, or give it a partievilar flavour. 



All things of whatever kind, thus added in the time of 

 fermentation, are called by thofe of the bulinefs, who 

 fpeak moil intelligently, additions; but many confound 

 them with things of a very diftereiit nature, under the name 



of FERMENTS. 



The additions ufed in the diftilleiy may be reduced to 

 four general heads. 1. .Salts, z. Acids. \. Aromalics, ani 

 4. Oils. A little tartar, nitre, or common fait finely pow- 

 dered, may be added to the lic^uor while fermenting, cfpc~ 

 cially in the beginning of the operation ; or in their Head, 3 

 little of the vegetable, or hner mineral acids, may be dii,j>- 

 ped in at different times, when found lUCelTary. Thefe are 

 of great ufe, efpecially yi the fermenting folntions of treacle, 

 honey, and the like fweet and rich vegetable juices, which 

 either wholly want an acid in themfelves, or have it in too 

 fmall a proportion, or have been robbed or divefted of it. 

 The proper acids for this purpofe are, the juice of Seville 

 oranges, or lemons, or the fpirit of fulphur, or Glauber's 

 fpirit of fait, or, what is greatly preferable to all thefe, a 

 particular aqueous folution of tartar, a fuccedaneum for 

 which may be tamarinds, or the robs of fome very acid 

 fruits, or the media fuhflantia vini. On this foundation 

 ftands that ingenious pratlice of uiing a fuitable proportion 

 of the flill bottoms, or the remaining wadi, in the iubfequent 

 brewing. 



After the fame manner, a very confiderable quantity of 

 any edential vegetable oil, may by proper management he 

 converted into a furprifingly large quantity of inflammab'c 

 fpirit ; but great care in this cafe muil be had not to drop 

 it in too fail, nor too much at a time ; this might damp the 

 fermentation ; and, indeed, the adding a large quantity of 

 oil ritonce, in the common way of llojjping the feimentatiop 

 at T.r-.y point required. 



The bcft n-icthod of all, of introducing the oil, fo as- to 

 avoid all inconvenience, is to reduce it firft to an elaeofac- 

 charur.i, by grinding it in a mortar, with a due quantity of 

 fine fugr.r in powder. The oil thus added, with its particlen 

 difunited, arid in form of powder, will readily mix with the 

 liquor, aiui immediately ferment with it. 



A large proportion of rectified fpirit, or of any oth.er 

 fpirit, may, by prudent management, be alfo introduced into 

 the fermenting liquor; and this will always come back willi 

 a large addition to the quantity of fpirit, that would other- 

 wife have arifeii from the diilillalion. Shaw. See Combi- 

 natory Distillation. 



ADDITIVE, denotes fomcthing to be added to another. 

 E e Gcome. 



