ADM 



ADM 



The title of locum-tincns regis fuper mare, tlie king's lieu- 

 tenant-general of the fea, mentioned in the reign of Richard II: 

 was fupcrior to that of .;,'/w;;W of England. Before the ap- 

 pellation of admiral was introduced, the title of cujlos maris 

 was in ufe. 



Admiral of England, the lord high, in fome ancient re- 

 cords called capitarnis nnirilimanim, is judge, or prefident, 

 of th:i COURT oi admiralty. 



He takes cognizance, by himfclf, his lieutenant, or depu- 

 ties, &c. in his court, of all crimes committed on the fta, or 

 the coaft thereof; a:id all the civil and marine tranfaftions re- 

 lating thereto ; as alfo of what is done in all great (hips, riding 

 in any great river, beneath the bridges thereof next the fea. 



Anciently, tlie admiral had alfo jurifdiftion in all caufes 

 of merchants and mariners ; not only on the fea, but in all 

 foreign parts. — To this great officer alfo belongs tlie go- 

 vernment of the nary : by him all vice-admirals, rear-admi- 

 rals, and fea-captains are commifTioned ; as well as all dep'.i- 

 ties for particular coafts, and coroners for viewing de:id 

 bodies found on the !ea-coafts, or at fea ; and he appoints 

 the judges for his court of admiralty, and courts martial 

 for the trial of offences againfl: the articles of war, and may 

 imprif.m, rtleafe, S:c. ; eveiy coKimander, officer, and foldier of 

 fhips of war (liall obferve the commands of the admiral, &c. 

 on pain of death, or other punilhment. Between high and 

 low-water mark, the common law and admiral bear jurif- 

 diftion by turns ; one upon the water, and the other upon 

 the land. He hath alfo power not only over the feamen 

 ferving in his (hips of war, but over other feamen, fo that he 

 may arreft them for the fervice of the ftate ; and if any of 

 them run away without leave, he may certify it to the 

 fherifFs, mayors, baihffs, &c. who fhall caufe them to be ap- 

 prehended and imprifoned. The admiral, of right, had 

 anciently a tenth part of all prize goods ; but this is taken 

 away by ftat. 13 Geo. II. c. 4. See Prize. This ftatute 

 alfo enables the admiralty to grant Letters of IMarque. — 

 'We have had no high admiral for fome years ; the office 

 being put in commijfion, or under the adminiflration of the 

 lords commijfioners of th' admir(,dty ; who, by W. and M. 

 ftat. ii. c. 2. are declared to have the fame authority, 

 jurifdiftion and power, as the lord high admiral. 



Admiral of Scotland, tie lord high, one of the great 

 officers of the crown, and fupreme judge in all maritime 

 cafes within that part of Britain. 



Admiral is alfo ufed for the commander in chief of a 

 {ingle fleet, or squadron ; and is diftinguiflied by a flag 

 difplayed at his main-top-maft-head. 



Thus, we fay, the admiral of the red ; the admiral of 

 the 'whit^ ; and admiral of the blue. See Navy and 

 Squadrok. 



The term admiral is alfo applied to all flag officers ; in 

 which fenfe it includes •vice-admirals and 



rear-aamira'.s. 



Admiral, Rear, is the admiral of the third, and lail 

 fquadron of the royal fleet, and carries his flag at the mizen- 

 top-maft-head. 



Admiral, Fice, is one of the three principal officers of 

 the royal navy ; who commands the feeond fquadron, and 

 has his flag fet up at the fore-top-inaft-head. 



Admiral, Flee, is alfo an officer appointed by the lord 

 high admiral, in divers parts of the kingdom, with judges and 

 marilials fubordinate to him ;■ for the exercifmg of jurlfdic- 

 tion in maritime affairs, within his refpe~live limits. From 

 their decifions and fentences, appeal lies to the court of 

 (idiiiiralty in London. 



There are alfo admirals of the galleys. 



Monllrelet makes mention of an admiral of the archers, 

 or crofs-bow-men. See Arb.\let. 



Admiral is likewife the name of a principal vefTel of a 

 fleet of merchantmen, or of the velFcIs employed in the cod 

 and whale fifliery. That which airives firll, in any harbour 

 or creek of Newfoundland, ta'.es the title and quality of 

 admiral, which it retains during fhe whole fifliiiig-feafon.^ 

 Such Ihip may fecure to hcrfelf, fo iv.ucii beech, or flakes, 

 or both, as are necclTary for the number of boats (lie flwll 

 ule, with an overplus of one boat only more than (he ufes — 

 The mafter of the feeond Ihip is vice-admiral ; and tlie 

 mader of the third, rear-admiral. See Fishfry. 



Admiral's Court, or ilie High Court of yidmirally. See 

 Court of Admiralty. 



Admiral, in Conchology, the name given by authors to a 

 very beautiful, and very precious fliell which fome refer to tlie 

 voluta, and others to the conus. See Tab. of Shells. 



Ot the(e llie curious reckon feveral fpecies, or rather varie- 

 ties, of which the following have been particularly noticed. 

 I. The gvAnd-admiral. 2. The \\ce-admiral. 3. The 

 or^n^c-admiral. And, 4. The i:\trA-admiral. 



The fird of theCe is tlie moil elleemed, and a fingle fliell 

 has been fold, in Holland, for (ive hundred florins. It is of 

 a very elegant and bright white enamel, and is variegated 

 with bands of yellow, repreienting in fome degree the co- 

 lours of the flags of a man of war at fea ; hence it obtained 

 its name. It is of a vei-y curious fliape, and formed with 

 particular elegance about the head ; the clavicle being ex- 

 erted. There runs along tlie centre of the large yellow 

 band in this (hell a fine denticulated line, which is its dif- 

 tinguidiing charaftcT. 



The vice-admiral is an elegant fliell, but its head is lefs 

 beautifully wrought than in the admiral, and its broad band 

 wants the dentatcd line, fo remarkable in that. 



The onnge-admiral has more yellow than either of the 

 others. 



The e-Ktvi-admiral has the fame bands with thefe, but they 

 run one into another, and form a more mixed clouding. 



Admiral's Cove, in Geography, Wcswhhin the harbour of 

 Fomiofa, on the call fide of Newfoundland illand, about 

 feven or eight leagues from Cape Race. It is on the (lar- 

 board fide of the harbour, and more wefterly than Clear's 

 cove. It has from feven to eight fathoms water, with goodi 

 anchorage, and well fccured. 



Admiral's, Vice, Cove, is within the fame harbour of 

 Formofa, on the larboard fide ; v.hcre a fleet may ride in. 

 good ground, and land4ocked from all winds. There ia- 

 another cove on the fame fide tarther weil, with ail excel- 

 lent harbour for large (liips. Malham's Nav. GaZi 



Admiralty, Caurt of. See Court. 



Admiralty Say, in Geography, is a bay that lies in the 

 fouthern illand of New Zealand, on the well coadof Cook's 

 draits, and to the nortli-wed of Qiieen Charlotte's found, 

 near the wellern entrance of thofe (Iraits, Cape Stephen* 

 on the north-weft, and Cape Jack.'on on the foutii-cad, are 

 its limits. It is very (paeious, and h.as, in many parts, good 

 anchorage The Admiralty ijtands, which lie oft in the drait, 

 at fome didance from the entrance, will point out the bay. 

 It may alio be dillinguiflied by an illand two miles north- 

 ealt of Cape Stephens, in S. lat. 40° 37', and E. long. 

 I 74° 54'. Wood and walei- are caiily obtained in many 

 parts of the bay. 



Admiralty Bay, is a name given by Mr. Dixon to 

 Beering's Bay. 



Admiralty Bay, and Port Mulgrave, on the north-weft coaft 

 of America, llc'in N. lat. 59° 31', and \V. long. 140° 18'. 



Admiralty /.-del, a name given by Mr. Vancouver to the 

 fuppofed draits of Inan de Fuca, on the weft coaft of New 

 Georgia ; the eutrance of which is about 4^^ 30' N. lat. 



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