A D U 



lie meeting for debate on tho Lord's Jay, to w!<.!>.h p;rfcni 

 ai-e to be admitted by money or tickets fold, the printer (hall 

 foifeit 50/. for each oflcnce. See LontRY. 

 « ADVICE-Boa/, a fmall vcficl employed to carry ex- 



prcfiVs or orders with dil'patch. 



AD VITAM n:it ail/am, denotes an ofTice to be luld fo 

 as to detennine only by tiie death or delinquency of the 

 pofTclTor ; or in other words, to be held qiiam diu ft- bene 

 S^JJlrii. Stat. 2?. Geo. II. c. 7. 



ADUGAl^ in Geography, one of the Fox iflands in the 

 northern Archipelago. 



ADULA, in Jlncienl Geojrn^by, a mountain of Rha^lia, 

 or the country of the Grifons, being a part of the Alps, 

 in which are the fountains of the Rhine, Rhone, Nantz, 

 Tcfni and Aar, and from which flows the Adda or Addua. 

 :J.t is now called St. Gothard, and it is faid to be the liighclt 

 point of Europe. Strabo, Geog. torn. i. p. 293. 



M:i/a gives name to a country of the Alps between the 

 Grifons, Swifs, ViUaifons, and Milanefe. It is the higheit 

 part of the Alps, and comprehends the Crifpalt, Vogellberg, 

 Gothard, Foinche and Grinmch 



Adula, in M'jdaii Gcnrrnphy, a mountain of Navarre in 

 Spain, betwixt Poniphma and St. Jean de Piz de port. 



ADULARIA. See Felspar.. 



ADULE or Ad'JLIs, in j^ncisnt Geography, a town of 

 Ethiopia, built according to Pliny (1. vi. c. 34. torn. 4. 

 p. 342.) by fugitive flaves ot Egypt, and dittant from its^ 

 port on the' Red Sea 30 iuidia : and from the royal city of 

 Axum about 50 leagues. Pliny calls it Opp'uliim JHiiliton, 

 and the inhabitants Adiil'its. He reprcfents it as the prin- 

 cipal emporium of the Ethiopians, whence they exported 

 ivoiy, the horns of the rhinoceros, the flcins of the hippopo- 

 tamus, and other articles of commerce. The monumcntum 

 adulltanum, or the pompous infcription of the ftatue of 

 Ptolemy Euergetes belonged to the city. The bay adjacent 

 to it in the Red Sea was called Sinus Adulicus. It is now 

 ErcQCca on the coail of Abex. The port of Aduli, accord- 

 ing to Dr. Vincent, in his Periplus of the Erythrean Sea, 

 can be no other than the celebrated harbour and city of 

 MafTuah, fo well known by the accounts of the Jefuits and 

 pf Bruce, as the only proper entrance into Abyflinia. 

 Two iflands are alfo mentioned in the bay of Aduli, which 

 are thofe now called Sheikh Sidda and Toalhout, abounding 

 in fifli. 



ADULI, a village of the ifland of Orine in the Red Sea. 



ADULLAM, in Scripture Geography, a city belonging 

 to the tribe of Judah, in the fouthern part of this tribe, 

 towards the Dead Sea. Eufebius fays it was a large to\vn 

 10 miles from Eleulhercpolis, eaftward. Jofli. xv. 35. 

 2 Chron. xi. 7, S. Jofli. xii. 15. 1 Sam. xxii. I, 2. 



ADULT, Adult us, formed from the verb adulffccre, 

 to grc-vj up, an appellation dillinguidiing any thing that is 

 arrived at maturity ; and applied to plants as well as to per- 

 fons. An adult perfon is one who is arrived at years of 

 difcretion, and entered upon manhood, or the age of ado- 

 lescence ; and is old enough to have underllanding and 

 difcernment. 



Among Civilians, the appellation adult is applied to a 

 youth between fourteen and twenty-five years of age. 



In which fenle adultus is fynonymous with juvenis ado- 

 lejcens. 



Adult, in Mythology, was an epithet applied both to 

 Jup:ter and Juno : the former being called Jupiter adtdtus, 

 and the latter Juno adulia. 



ADULTERATION, in a general fenfe, the aft of 

 jC irrupting, or debafing a thing tfiat was pure, by fome im- 

 proper admixture. 



A D IT 



T!ic t^■ord 13 Latin, formed of the verb acMterare, to rc/v 

 riipl, by mingling funKthing foreign to any fubilanec. We 

 have laws againll the adulteration of coffee, tea, tobacro, 

 fnuff, wine, beer, bread, wax, hair-pov.dcr, 5cc. See Stat- 

 1:5 W. III. cap. 5. — II Geo. I. cap. 30. — I Geo. I. 

 cap. 46. — I W. S; M. cap. 34. — 23 Eliz. cap. 8. — 10 Anne 

 cap. 26. — 3 Geo. III. cap. 11. 



For the method of detefting adulteration of liquors, fee 

 Essay, Proof, &c. 



Adulteration of coin properly imports the making oi- 

 carting of a wrong metal, or with too bafe or too much 

 alloy. 



Adulterations of coins are effected divers ways, as by forg- 

 ing another (lamp, or infcription ; by mixing impurer metah 

 witli the gold or (liver: moft properly, by making ufc of a 

 wrong metal, or an undue alloy, or too great an admixture 

 of the bafer metals, with gold or fdver. Counterfeiting the 

 (lamp, or chpplng and leifening the weight, do not fo pro- 

 perly come under the denomination of adulterating. 



Evelyn gives rules and methods, both of adulterating and 

 detetling adulterating metals, &c. 



Adulterating is fomewhat lefs extenfive than deLiJiug, 

 which includes diminiihing, clipping, &c. 



To adulterate or debafe the current coin, is a capital 

 crime in all nations. — The ancients puni(hed it with great 

 feverity : among the Egyptians both hands were cut oft ; 

 and by the civil law, the offender was thrown to wild beafts. 

 The emperor Tacitus enabled that counterftiting the coin 

 (liould be capital ; and under Conftantine it was made 

 treafon, as it is alfo among us. The adulterations of gems 

 is a curious art, and the methods of deteiling it no lefs 

 ufeful. Nichols, Lapid. p. iS. 



Adulteration, in Pharmacy, denotes a fraudulent cor- 

 ruption of drugs, or medicines, by fubllituting ingredients 

 of lefs value, for the fake of greater gain. 



This praftlce the dealers in all the parts of medicine are 

 but too well acquainted with. Pharmaceutical authors 

 give numerous inftances of adulterations, both in fimple and 

 compound medicints. 



Adulteration o/'w/'ni'. See Wine. 



ADUI-.TERESS, a woman who commits Adultery. 



ADULTERINE, in a general fenfe, denotes any thing 

 whicli has been adulterated, or that is fpurious, or counter- 

 feited ; and it is thus applied to a fraudulent balance, to 

 debafed and counterfeit coins, to a falfe key, and to fuppo- 

 fititious writings. 



Adulterine, in the Civil Latu, is particularly applied 

 to a child iffued from an adulterous amour, or commerce. 



Adulterine children are more odious than the illegitimate 

 offspring of fingle perfons. The Roman law even refufes 

 them the title of natural children ; as if nature difowned 

 them. Adulterine children are not eafi'y difpenfed with for 

 admilTion to orders. Tiiole are not deemed adulterine, who 

 are begotten of a woman openly married, through ignorance 

 of a former wife being alive. By a decree of the parlia- 

 ment of Paris, adulterine children are declared not legiti- 

 mated by tlie fubfequent marriage of the parties, even 

 though a papal difpenfation be had for fuch marriage, 

 wherein is a claufe of legitimation. 



Adulterine guilds, in Britijli Hijlory, denoted thofe 

 guilds or corporations that were fet up wit'iout warrant from 

 the king, in oppolltion to warranted or lawful guilds, and 

 under this' denomination they were amerced to the king in 

 1 180. 26 Heniy II. See Gild. 



Adulterine marriages, in St. Auguftine's fenfe, denote 

 fecond marriages, contraiAed after a divorce. 



ADULTERY, Adulter.ium, {yn Ancient Law Boohs 

 5 called 



