JE G Y 



iE G Y 



per of their fitiiaticft, and offered to attack the cncm)' by 

 Ia!id and force them to battle ; but jealoufy prevented their 

 prolitiajj by his advice, and he therefore withdrew. On the 

 5th dny the Athenians offered battle ; but Lyfandcr chofe 

 rather to fiibmit to renewed infiilts than to hazard the event 

 of a battle, b.forc he h;'.d completed his previous arrange- 

 inents. At length, however, the admiral's galley gave the 

 figntHiy the found of trumpet, and the whole fleet advanced 

 in good order. The land army alfo haftentd to the top of 

 ihe promontory to ohfenc the conteil. The ilrait that fc- 

 par.ites the two continents in this place is about 15 lladia, 

 1875 paces, or i of a league in breadth, and this fpace 

 was prclently cleared by the ac\;vitv and diligence of the 

 rowers. Conon, the Athenian r^eneral, perceiving from the 

 ihore the order and progrefs of the I-acedimonian fleet, was 

 alarmed, and gave immediate orders for the troops to em- 

 bark. But for want of vigilance and due difcipline on the 

 part of the generals, the troops were difperfed, and were 

 indulging themfelves in a variety of ways, under an appre- 

 henficn of perfect fecurity. Uflon the firft onfet of the 

 enemy, Conon perceived that all was loft, and difengaging 

 himfelf with nine gallies, of which number was the facred 

 fhip called the Parallan, fled to Cyprus, where he took re- 

 fuge with Evagoras. The reft of the fleet and aniiy was 

 either captured or deftroyed. I^yfander, after having plun- 

 dered the camp, and faftened the enemy's gallies to the 

 ilems of his own, returned to Lampfacus, amidil the found 

 of flutes and fongs of triumph. It was his glon- to have 

 atchieved one of tlie greatell mihtaiy exploits recorded 

 in hiftor)-, with httle or no lofs, and to have terminated a 

 war in the fpace of an hour, which had lafted 27 years, and 

 which perhaps, without him, had been of much longer con- 

 tinuance. The Athenians, fome time before this event, had 

 at the inftigation of Philocles, one of their generals, paffed 

 a decree for cutting off the thumb of the right hand of all 

 the prifoners of war, that, being unable to handle the pike, 

 they might be only fit to ferve at the oar. On this occa- 

 fion Lyfandcr aiked Philocles what punilhment he thought 

 fuel) a decree merited, and wifhed him to pafs fentence upon 

 himfelf. Philocles, notwithftanding his danger, haughtily and 

 inagnanimou!ly rephed : " Accuie not people of crimes who 

 have no judges ; but as you are victor, ufe your right, and 

 do by us as we had done by you if we had conquered." 

 Having faid this, he inilantly prepared for execution, with- 

 ■ out betraying the leal't timidity. All the other prifoners, in 

 number abi,i:t 3000, were put to the fword, except Ada- 

 mantus, who had oppofed the above-mentioned decree. Af- 

 ter this expedition all the Athenians were ordered, on pain 

 cf death, to repair to Athens, which was foon befieged, 

 and which capitulated and furrendered, A. M. 3600. Ant. 

 I. C. 404. Diod. Sic. 1. xiii. c. 105. IC7. tom. i. p. 627, 

 630. Ed. Weffcling. Phit. in Alclb. oper. tom. i. p. 212, 

 in Lyfand. p. 438. Ed. Xyland. RoUin's Ant. Hift. vol. iii. 

 p. 284, 288, 8va. 



iEGOSTENA, or .<Egisthexa, a town of Greece,, 

 north-weft of Megara, near the fea of Alcione : celebrated 

 for a temple of Melampus, fon of Amytheon, to whom they 

 offered annual facrifices. 



iEGOSTHENIA, a town of Greece in the Locris. 



.^GUA, a town of BiEtica in Spain. 



.(EGUSA, or JEthv%.\, a fmall ifland on the coaft of 

 Africa Propria, mentioned by Pliny and Ptolemy, being 

 one of the clufter called the yEc ade s. 



-^GYLA, jEgilia, or .(Egialia, one of the Greek 

 iflands mentioned by Stephanus, (De Urb. p. 35,) fituate 

 between Crete and Peloponnefus : the fame with that 



mentioned by Pliny (H. N. t. i. p. 209), 15 miles from 

 Cythera. 



./^GYPSITS orjEcissus, a town of Moefia near th» 

 river Ifter. M. d'Anville refers it to the vicinity of the 

 place on the Danube, where Darius Hyftafpis conftruded 

 a bridge, when he was engaged in a war with the Scythians. 

 Ovid. Epift. ex. Pont. 1. i. ep. 8. tom. iii. p. 732. Ed. 

 liurni. 



^iGYPT. See Egypt. 



yEGYPTIAC^, in Boinny, fignifies the Papyrus. 



jEGYPTIACUi'T, in Pharmacy, a name given to divers 

 UNGUENTS of the detergent, or corrofive kind. 



We meet with a bhich, a red, a -zvLnte, ■i.fimpk, a compound, 

 and a ma^il'md /E^ypUacum. 



'L'hcjimp/t JE^yptincvm, which is that ufually found in 

 our ihops, is a compulition of verdegrife, vinegar, and honey, 

 boiled to a coiififtence : the prefcription is Mefue's. — It is 

 ufually fuppofed to take its name from its dulky colour, 

 wherein it refcmbles that of the natives of ^gypt. — It is 

 improperly called an unguent ; as there is no oil, or rather 

 fat, in it. Some chufe to call it Mel JEgyptiacum, and Oxy- 

 mtl JErug'mh. It is chiefly ufed in eating off rotten flelh, 

 and cleanfing foul ulcers ; particularly venereal ones in the 

 throat, &c. It alfo dcftroys thofe cancerous erofions apt to 

 grow in children's mouths. Gmelin's App. Med. vol. i. 



34'^- 



The German difpenfaries have another compofition called 

 JE.^i!pt\acnm compofitum magijlrale, or Hildani, wherein treacle, 

 mithridate, camphor, S:c. are ingredients. 



White jEgyptiacum is a compofition of hly roots mixed up 

 with aromatics ; it is mentioned by Hippocrates, and is the 

 fame with what other ancients call cicinum. It was ufed by 

 the ladies of thofe days to fmear over their faces, to prefervc 

 their complexions. 



Hippocrates alfo fpeaks of another unguent under the 

 fame name, compofed of the flowers of the Egyptian thorn. 

 Farriers make a red, as well as a black kind, of much the 

 fame ingredients, only with fome difterence in the propor- 

 tions ; ufed efpecially to foften the hoofs of a horfe, when 

 too hard. 



^EGYPTIAN Pebble. See Jasper. 

 ^GYPTILLA, in Natural Hijlory, the name of a ftone 

 defcribed by the ancients, and faid, by fome authors, to have 

 the remarkable but imaginary quality of giving water the 

 colour and tafte of wine. 



This ftone was variegated with veins of black and white, 

 or black and bluifh, with a plate or vein of whitifti red, and 

 feems to have been of the onyx, fardonyx, or camea kind, 

 none of which poflefs the property which fome fanciful 

 writers have afcribed to it. 



^GYPTION, the name of a topic ufed by the ancients 

 in uterine dilorders. 



K^GYV'YXi'hlpharmacum ad aurcs. Aetius (Tetrab. ii. 

 Serm. 2. c. 83.) fpeaks of this as excellent for deterging 

 ftetid ulcers of the ears, which he fays it cures, though the 

 patient were born with them. 



jEGYPTUS, in Fabulous H'ljlory, the fon of Bclus and 

 brother of Danaus, who, having fifty fons, married them to 

 the fifty daughters of his brother ; and by their father's 

 order, each of them, except one, flew her hulband the firft 

 night. Lynceus, who efcaped, difpofTefled his father Da- 

 naus ot the kingdom, and reigned oyer the Argives for lixty- 

 nine years. 



jEGYPTUS, in Ancient Geography, a name given by 

 Homer to the Nile, and by which it was very anciently dif- 

 tinguifhed in Ethiopia. It has been commonly fuppofed, 



that 



