^E O L 



^ O L 



fte ascent, as wut«/*«c for ^>t«^o;, river; changes a into 

 «c>, as jj.ixxii for li'-Xa,;, black ; and JTv into a^;^', as f/wo-:;';-™ for 

 ^>^o-i'ii ; and in the finjfular «. into ao ; puts cua for «?-a, as 

 wTlctc-o. for TiVWa ; and /3 before p, as /Sf-jJon for fv'5o», a 

 ro/t' ,• changes two ju/^ into two ir^, as oTxala for oixfixlx, 

 the cjicv .• and it agrees in fo many tilings with tlsc Doric 

 dialed, that the two are ufiially confounded together, and 

 have hee n almoft entirely followed by the Latins. 



The yEoIic d'lgiWnra is a name given to the letter F, 

 which the ^olians ufed to pretix to words beginning with 

 vowels, as Fonoj, for cuo,- ; and alio to infert between vowels, 

 as oFi,-, for oi;. 



iEoLic Terfe, Carmen ^.o'icum, in Poclry, a kind of 

 meafure, conlilUng, firft of an Iambic or Spondee ; then of 

 two Anapells, divided by a I'jng fyllablc ; and, lallly,, a 

 common fyllable. Tiiis is utherwiie enllcd iw/of/V ; and from 

 the chief poets who ufed it, Arch'd-ich'tan and Pindaric 



Its type is, _ . . | 



e. g. " O ftelliferi conditor orbis." 



^OLTPILE, ^OLiPiLA, in Hydrivdics, is an inllru- 

 mcnt confilling of a hollow metalline ball, with a (lender 

 neck, or pipe, arifmg fiom it. This, being fdlcd with 

 water, and thus expofed to the fire, produces a vehement 

 blall of wind. 



This inftrument, Des Cartes, and others, have made ufe 

 of, to account for the natural caufe, and generation, of 

 ■wind. — And hence its name, Aiolip'dii, q. d. p'du jEoIi, 

 JEolus's bciU, or AioXcV •rrDXai, the gates of JEohis ; jEoIus 

 being reputed the god of the winds. 



Sometimes the ntck is made to fcrew into the ball, 

 which is the mofl commodious way ; becaufe, then, the 

 cavity m^y the more readily be filled with water. If there 

 be no fcrew, it may be filled thus : — Heat the ball red hot, 

 and throw it into a veffel of water ; the water will run 

 in at the fraall hole, and fill about two thirds of the 

 cavity. 



If, after this, the j^Zollpile be laid on, or before tlie fire, 

 fo that the water and vell'cl become verj much heated ; the 

 water being rarefied into vapour or elafllc ileam, will be 

 forced out with very great violence and noife ; but it will 

 be by intervals, and not with a conllant and uniform blaft. 

 Care Ihould be taken that the aperture of the pipe be not 

 ftopped, when the inftrument is put on the fire, and that 

 the ball be not fet upon a violent fire wjtli very little water 

 in it, othenvife the /iiolipile will burft with a great explo- 

 fioa, and may occafion much milehief. The ^olipile is 

 fometimes placed in a fmall carriage with wheels, and a cork 

 is thruil into the extremity of the pipe. When the vapour 

 has acquired fufficient ftrength to force out the cork, it 

 will ruth out v.ith violence in one direftion, while the ball 

 and carriage move the contrary w.iy. See a figure of the 

 Eppaiatus for this purpofe in Plate I. Pncumat)a,fg. i. 



Thefe phenomena the reader will be eafily enabled to 

 folve, from what is fhewn under the articles, Air, Water, 

 and Rarefaction. 



Chauvin fuggefts fome farther ufes of the ^ollpile. — I. 

 Ke thinks it might be applied, inftead of a bellows, to 

 blov/ the fire, where a very inteafe heat is required. This 

 faft has been urged as an argument to prove the decompo- 

 fition of water; but, in this cafe, it is not the fteam which 

 excites the fire, but the air which is driven before it ; for an 

 jEolipile will not produce this effecl, but the contran', 

 unlefs a body of air be interpoled between its aperture and 

 the five. Accordingly, Dr. Lewis condemns lubllituting 

 ,the jEolipile inilead of a bellows, and fays, that upon trial 

 he always feund that Inllcad of exciting, it extinguiihed the 



fire. Com. PhO. Techn. p. zi. — 2. If a trumpet, horn, 

 or other fonorous inllrument, were .fitted to its neek, it 

 might be made to yield mufic. — 3. If the neck were 

 turned perpendicularly upwards, and prolonged by a tube 

 or hollow cylinder fitted to it, and a hollow ball laid on 

 the orifice of the tube, the ball would be blown up, and 

 kept lluftuating, or playing up and down, as in the llream 

 of a FOUNTAIN. And, 4. It might ferve to fcent or fumi- 

 gate a room, if filled with perfumed, inilead of CDinmon water. 



An ./Eolipile has been fometimes placed in a chimney, 

 where it can be iieated, tlie vapour of which ferves to 

 drive the fmoke up the chimney. 



Dr. Plolt gives an inllanee where the yF.olipilc is aiilually 

 ufed to blow the fire : the lord of the manor of Ellington 

 is bound by his tenure to drive a goofe every jiew year's 

 day three limes round the hall of the lord of Hilton, while 

 Jack of H^fton (a brazen figure having the llrufture of aa 

 /Eolipile) blows the fire. 



In Italy it is faid, that the ,/Eolipile is commonly made 

 ufe of to cure fmoaky ehimnies ; ior being hung over the 

 fire, the hlall arifing from it carries up the loitering fmoke 

 along with it. 



I'his inllrument was known to the ancients, and is men- 

 tioned by Vitruvius, lib. i. cap. vi. and it is alio taken notice 

 of by feveral mod.;rn aiitliors ; as Des Cartes, in his Meteor. 

 cap. i. apud Opera Pliilos. tom. i. p. 141. 



F. Merfennus, and fome others have made ufe of this ma- 

 chine, to meafure the gravity and degree of rarefadtion of 

 the air, by weighing the inllrument, wlien red-hot, without 

 water, and weighing it again when cold. But this method 

 is liable to conlidcrable obieCtions. It fuppofcs that there 

 is no air in the ball when it is red-hot ; whereas Varenius 

 (Geog. vol. i. p. 438.) has (hewn, that the air is rarefied 

 but about 70 times ; and, confcquentlv, the weight, obtained 

 by the above proeefs, will be about I -70th too fmall, or 

 more or lefs, according to the intenfity of the heat. 



Some late authors have difcovered a Hill more extraordi- 

 naiy ufe, to which the frauds of the heathen priellliood 

 applied the ^"Eolipile, ii;a. the working of Iham miracles. 

 Btfides Jack of Hilton, which had been an ancient Saxon 

 image, or idol, Mr. Weber (hews, that Pluftcr, a celebrated. 

 German idol, is alfo of the ^Eolipile kind ; and in virtue 

 thereof, could do noble feats ; being filled with a fluid, and 

 thus fet on the fire, it would be covered with fweat, and as 

 the heat increafed would at length burll out into flames. 



An TEolipile of great antiquity, made of brafs, vraa 

 lately dug up in the file of the Bafinglloke canal, and pre- 

 fented to the antiquarian fociety of London. Inflcnd of 

 being globidar, v/ith a bent tube, it is in the form of a 

 giotofque human figure, and the blall proceeds from its 

 mouth. 



yEOLIS or jEoLiA, in Ancient Geography, a counti-y 

 of Aha Minor, fo called from the jEolians, who fettled in 

 this part of Afia, comprehended in former times the whole 

 of Troas, and extended along the coall from Ionia to the 

 Fropontis : but in a more confined fenfe, it is fituate be- 

 tween Troas to the north and Ionia to the fouth. Accord- 

 ing to Strabo (tom. 2. p. 872.) it extended from the pre- 

 montory Lectus to the river Hermus, and contained 11 

 cities, mentioned by Herodotus (1. i. p. 73. Ed.WelftjUing.) 

 who oblcrves, that Smyrna was taken from the /Eolians by 

 the lonians. Ptolemy, and after him M. d'Anville, a'hxn 

 Caycus to the north, and Hernius to the fouth, as the limits of 

 A olis. The .'t olians, according to JoUphus, were defcended 

 from Elilhah, one of the fonsof Javan ; but according to tin- 

 Greek hillorians from yEolus, the tiiird fon of Ion foii of 

 Hellcn, who was the fuu of Deucalion. They, as well as the 



loniaus 



