lonuiis niid Dorians, were Orcck. nitiofis wiio niigiauJ 

 inti) Afia about 60 years nflci' the takiiij; of Troy, aiiJ 20 

 before the return of tlie Henclidx into Pclopoiiiicfus ; that 

 is about 1 1 24 years before the Chritlian arm, according lo 

 tlie llateincul of Dr. Blair's Clii-ono!op;y. Otlicrs fay this 

 emij;iatioii was 140 years after the taking of Troy, and 60 

 yean; after the return of the Hei-aclida;. The ytolie mi- 

 ffniiion preceded tlie Ionic about 80 yeai-s ; and that of the 

 Dorians was poilcrior to the Ionic near 70 year.-. Strabo 

 (ubi fupra) fav?, that tradition referred the migratioti of 

 the .^>lians to an earlier period than that of the lonians by 

 four generations; that their colony was conduced by Ortf- 

 tes, that they were led into 'I'hracc by his fon and fuccefTor 

 Penthilus, about 60 years after the dellruc^ion of Troy, at 

 the time of the return of the Htraclidx to Peloponnefus ; 

 that Archelaus, the fon of Penthilus, conduc'.d them to- 

 wards Cy/.icus ; and that his fon Graus advanced with them 

 to the river Granicus, and took pofleflion of Lefbos. 



The -l-olians were divided, after their fettlement in Alia, 

 into fmall ftates, or cantons, independent of each other, 

 but united in one common confederacy. Their country, 

 though more extenfive than that of the lonians, was in- 

 ferior to it in all other refpeils. The ^^iolians, as well as 

 the other Greek colonies in Afia, enjoyed their liberties, 

 and lived according to their own laws, from the time ot 

 their migration to the reign of Croefus, king of Ly-dia, 

 to whole power they were forced to fubmit. But as they 

 were allowed to live unmolelled under his mild government, 

 they took occafion from this indulgence to oppofe Cyrus, 

 when he firit invaded Lydia ; but they were reduced to 

 fubjedlion by this viftorious prince ; and their ftate wiis 

 more dependent under the Pcrlisn monarchs than it had ever 

 been befoie. The ./Eolians and Dorians were not inferior 

 to the European Greeks, till they were fubdutd by the 

 Pcrfians, but having loft their liberty they funk into in- 

 dolence, and became no Icfs effeminate than the other 

 Afiatics. Upon the conclufion of the peace between the 

 Greeks and Perfians, in the reign of Artaxerxes, one of 

 the articles, fworn to by both parties, was, that all the 

 Greek flatcs of Afia fhould be made free, and allowed to 

 live according to their own laws. Their condition was 

 very various, and the Perfian yoke, to which they were 

 compelled to fubmit, was very oppreflive, till they were 

 refcued by Alexander, who rellored all the Greeks in Afia 

 to the enjoyment of their ancient rights and privileges. After 

 the death of Alexander, they fell under the power of the 

 kings of Syria, and continued fubjeft to them till the 

 Romans, after having delivered Greece from the oppreffion 

 of Philip, king of Macedon, obliged Antiochus III. fur- 

 named the Great, to grant the fame liberty to the Greek 

 colonies in Afia, which they had procm-ed for the Greek 

 ftates in Europe. They then entered into an alliance with 

 tiie Romans, till they were fubdued by Mithridates, king 

 of Pontus, who compelled them to join with him again'.i 

 the Romans. Upon Sylla's arrival in Afia, they again 

 declared for the Romans ; but Sylla having completely 

 fubdued the lefier Afia, they were deprived of their liberty 

 and burdened v.-ith taxes, which reduced them to beggary. 

 They never afterwards were able to recover their ancient 

 fplendour, notwithftanding the favour (hewn them by many 

 of the emperors, under whofe proteftion they enjoyed fome 

 (hew of hberty. iEohs is new a dillrict of Anatolia ; but 

 is not remarkable in any refpcfl, neither does it feem to 

 enjoy any branch or article of trade. 



Herod. 1. i. p. 26 — 73, 141. 1. ii. p. 90, &c. Diod. 

 Sic. l.ii. p. 40?, and 1. xiv.p. 725. Ed. WcfTehng. Thucyd. 

 1. i. p. 62. Ed. Dukeri. Liv. I. xsxv. c. 16. tem. iv. p.. 

 525. Ed. Draker.b. 



JE O L 



jlLOLIl'M, a city of the Thracian Cherfonefus. M. 

 d'Anville places it at the entrance of the Hellefpout to tlie 

 north, and calls it, with Pliny,- Elxus. 



jTlOLUS, in Entomology, a fpecies of Papilio, with 

 caudated azure wings, a black fpot on the primores, and 

 a white band, ftriated with black, under all of them ; found 

 in South America and India. 



jEOLUS, in Mechanics, denotes a portable machine, not 

 long fince invented by Mr. Tidd, for rcfrefiiing and chang- 

 ing the air in rooms. 



This machine is adapted in its dimenfions to fupply the 

 place of a fquare of glafs in a falh window, and is executed 

 in fo fmall a compaf.-, as to projeft but a little way from the 

 falli, and in fo neat a manner, lays the inventor, as to be an 

 elegant ornament to the place where it is fixed. It works 

 without the leaft noife, requires no attendance, and occafions 

 neither trouble nor cxpence to keep it in order. It throws 

 in only iuch a quantity of air as is agreeable ; and leaves off 

 working, of its own accord, whenever the door or window is 

 opened. 



./EOLUS, in Heathen Mythology, the god of the winds, 

 painted with fwollen checks, like one who with main force 

 endeavours to blow a blaft ; alfo with two wings on his 

 fiioulders, and a high-coloured fieiy countenance. He is faid 

 to have been the fon of Jupiter by Acafta, or Sigefta, the 

 daughter of Kippotus : or, according to others, tlie fon of 

 Higpotus by Menecleg, daughter of Hillas, king of Lipara. 

 He dwelt, as fome fay, in the ifland Strongyle now Strom- 

 bolo, one of the .^olian idands ; or, as otliers fay, either at 

 Rhegium in Italy, or in Lipara. The government of tlue 

 •winds is faid to be under his direftion and controul. Some 

 mythologifts explain the fables relating to yEolus by repre- 

 fenting him as a wife and good prince, who was able in con- 

 fequence of his fldll in the fciences, by the flux and reflux 

 of the tides, and the appearances of the volcano in the 

 idand Strongyle, to foretel ft.orms and tempells. Sec 

 Polybii Fr.igmenta, p. 9S8. 



yEoLus's Harp, in Miiftc, an inftitiment fo named, from 

 its producing an agreeable harmony, merely by the adion of 

 the wind. — It is thus conftrutlcd. — Let a box be made of 

 as thin deal as pofllble, (Plate i. MiiJtc,Jlg. i.J of the exa£t 

 length anfwering to the width of the window in which it is 

 intended to be placed ; five or fix inches deep and fcven or 

 eight inches wide. Let there be glued upon it at a a, two 

 pieces of wainfcot about half an inch high, and a quarter of 

 an inch thick, to ferve as bridges for the ftrings ; and within 

 fide, at each end, under il, glue two pieces of beech, about 

 an inch fquare, of length equal to the width of the box, 

 which are to fuftain the pegs. Into thcfe fix as many pins, 

 fuch as are ufed in a hai-piichord, as there are to be firings 

 in the inftrument, half at one end, and half at the other, at 

 equal diftances. It now remains to firing it with fmall cat- 

 gut, or blue Srft fiddlc-ftrings, fixing one end to a fmall 

 brafs pin, as at ee, (f-g- 1 J and twilling the other round 

 the oppofite pin at b b. 



When thefe ftrings are tuned unifon, and the inftrument 

 placed with the ftrings outv.ard, in the window to which it 

 is fitted, it will, pro%"ided the air blows on that window, give 

 a found like a diftant choir, increafing or dccreafing, accord- 

 ing to the ftrength of the wind. 



The rofes in the middle only reprefent found-holes ; the 

 thinner the top is, the better will the inftrument perforin. 

 Mr. Thompfon, in a note to his celebrated Ode on this in- 

 ftrument, afcribes the invention of it to Mr. Olwald ; whereas 

 it was known to KJrcher above a hundred years ago ; and 

 the method of conftrucling and ufing it is defcribed by him 

 in a book intltled Magia Phonotaclica & Phojiurgia. 



An improved form of this inilrament is reprefented in 



