A 1' 1' 



cotrpreheiids quanl'ily, qualllj, pLicf, and limf ; under tlic fc- 

 cond, motion, and rz/L 



AtFertions are alfo difliiiguilhed into thoftf of iorfy, and 

 thofc of ir«/i</. 



Art ECTioNS o//>oJy, are certa-n mof'ifications of it ; oc- 

 calior.ed or induced by motion ; in virtue of wliicli, a body 

 comes to be fo and fo difpofid. 



Tlie EtteiTtions of body are fometimes fubdividcd into pr'i- 

 viary tmii J'eiontiary. 



Affections, primary, are thofe which arife either front 

 the idea of matter, as quantity and figure ; or from that of 

 form, as q\iahty and power ; or both together, as motion, 

 place, and time. 



AFFECTioss,yr-fon</ijry, or derivative, are thofe which 

 arife from fome of the primary ; e. gr. from quantity, as 

 divifibility, continuity, conti;^Hity, finity, impenetrability ; 

 iromjigurc, as regularity and irregularity ; from qiudily, as 

 health, ftrength, &e. 



Tlie epithet mrcLinical is applied to thofe afl'eftions that 

 are properties of matter, refulling fiom its figure, bulk or 

 jnotion. 



Affections of mind, are what wc more ufually call pas- 

 sions. 



Dr. Cogan, in his Philofophical Trcr.tife oa the PafTions, 

 tery properly diftinguifhes between affection and paffion ; 

 and he accurately difcriminates between both thefe terms, 

 and that feeling, which is ufually denominated emotion. 

 The term affeftion, he fays, has a different fignitication 

 from either of the other two, and reprefents a lefa violent, 

 and generally a more durable influence, which things have 

 upon the mind. It is applicable to the manner in which 

 we are affected by them for a continuance ; and fuppofes a 

 more deliberate predikftion and averfion, in confequence of 

 the permanent influence of fome prevailing quality. This 

 diftinguillies it from the traniient impulfe of pafTion ; nor is 

 it fo intimately connefted with any external figns, which 

 diftinguifhes it from emotions. The affeftions fometimes 

 fucceed to paffior.s and emotions, btcaufe thefe ma}- have 

 been excited by fomcthing that becomes permanently inte- 

 relling ; or they may be gradually infpired, by a deliberate 

 attention to the good or bad qualities of their objefts. In 

 this philofophic ienfe of the word, affeftion is apphcable to 

 an unpleafant as well as pliafant flate of the mind, when 

 jmpreffed by any ohjtcl or quality ; it ir.ay be produced by 

 any thing that torments or corrodes the heart, as well as by 

 that which charms and delights it. Cuitom, however, 

 chiefly appropriates the terra to the kindly and benevolent 

 affetftions. 



In the fame manner Dr. Reid (Effays, p. 143. 167.) 

 has applied the general name of affeftions to thofe various 

 principles of action in man, which have perfons for their 

 immediate objvirt, and which imply, in their very nature, 

 our being well or ill-affefted to fome perfon, or at leail, to 

 fome animated being : and whether they difpofe us to do 

 good or hurt to others. He obfenes, however, that the 

 word affection feems, by culloni, to be limited to good af- 

 fetlions. Accordingly, when we fpeak of having affeftion 

 for any perfon, it is always underilood to be a benevolent 

 affeftion. In the extenfive fenfe above ftated, our affeftions 

 are very naturally diviiled into benevolent and malevolent, 

 ;is they refpeftively imply our being v.-ell or ill afvefted to- 

 wards their objeft. The charafters of love and hatred, re- 

 fulting from the infinitely various fituations and circum- 

 ftances upon which their developement and operations de- 

 pend, entitle them to the denomination of primary or car- 

 tiinal ajfet:icns. 



Our benevolent affeftions, whilft they differ in the feel- 



I 



A F F 



ing, or fenfatlon, which is a cottiraon ingredient in all of 

 tliem, and in the objeds to which they sure directed, agree 

 in thefe two refpeftn, viz.. that the feeling which accompa- 

 nies them is agreeable, and that they imply a defire of hap- 

 pinefs to their objeft. The firft of thefe affeftions is that 

 of parents and children, and other near relations, commonly 

 called nrf/.vra/ affeftions : the fccond, is gratitude to.be- 

 nefaftors : the third, is pity and compassion towards the 

 diilreffed : a fourth is esteem of the wife and good : the 

 fifth is friendship : the fixth, is love between the fexes : 

 and the lafl, is patriotism or pubhc ipirit ; that is, an af- 

 feftion to any community to which we belong. 



The nji?/i"i)o/i'n; affeftions, commonly called passions, in 

 the an-angement of Dr. Reid, are emulation and re- 

 sentment. For the difference between affeftion and dif- 

 pofition ; See Disposition. 



Affection, in Geometry, is fynonymous with property. 



Affection, in Medicine, denotes a morbid, or preterna- 

 tural flate of the body, or fome of its parts. Thus we fay, 

 an hypochondriacal, an hysterical affeftion ; and, in 

 like manner, fuch a part of the body is affefted, /". e. indif- 

 pofed, or feized with a disease. 



AFFEERORS, Afferatores, in Laiu, perfons ap- 

 pointed in court -leets, and courts-baron, upon oath, to fettle 

 and moderate the fines of fuch as have committed faults 

 arbitrarily punifliable, or which have no exprefs penalty fet 

 down by Itatute. See flat. 25 Edw. III. c. 7. 



The word is formed, according to Cowel, of the French 

 affier, to affirm ; by reafon thofe appointed to this ofHce do 

 affirm, upon their oaths, what penalty they think, in con- 

 fcience, the offender hath deferved. Others better derive 

 it from affeurer, a word in the cuflomary of Normandy, 

 rendered by tlie Latin interpreters, taxare, to fet the price of a 

 thirtj ; as icf.imare, indicare, &c. — Kitchin joins the three 

 words Zi'ifynonyma ; ctjjidati, amerciatores, afferores. 



AFFENTHAL, in Geop-nply, a valley of.Suabia in 

 the Ortenaw, near Strafburg, famous tor its excellent 

 wines. 



AFFERI, in L.-^v. See Averia. 



AFFETTUOSO, or Con Affetto, in the Itc/ian 

 Tdufic, is ufed to denote that kind of muiic, which mufl be 

 performed in a very tender, moving, and affefting manner ; 

 and for that reafon rather flow than faft. This term, placed 

 at the beginning of a mufical air, implies,' in point of time, 

 a movement between andante and lai'go ; and requires a 

 fwect and affefting expreflion of the melody. 



AFFIANCE, in Laiu, the phghting of troth between 

 a man and woman, upon an agreement in marriage to be 

 had betw-edn them. 



AFFIDATIO Dominorum, fignifies an oath taken by 

 the lords in parliament : thus called in the Rot. Pari. 

 Hen. YT. 



AFFIDATUS, or Affidiatus, in our La-w Boots, 

 denotes a tenant bv fealty. 



Affidati are not properly vaffals, but q'lafi vaffals, or per- 

 fons who vow fealty to, and put themfelves under the pro- 

 teftion of, another. 



In this fenfe they amount to the fame with what are 

 otherwife called coinmendati, and recommendnti. 



AFFIDAVIT, an oath in writing, Iworn before fome 

 perfon who hath authority to take fuch oath ; and.made ufe 

 of, and read in court, upon motions ; though not allowed 

 upon trials. 



In the court of Chancery is an ^ijjida-oit-ofvm, under 

 the direftion of a Mtijfer of chancery. 



AFFILA, in Ancient Geography, a diftrift of Italy be- 

 longing to the Hcrnici. 



AFFILIANUS .1 



