A F F 



AFFILIANUS nwm, a mountain of Italy, near the Ti- 

 ber The colony iElula was at the foot of tins mountain., 



AFFILIATION, AcriLiATio, in Mu/dk J;^e H.ihis, 

 the fame with adoption. See alfo adfiliation. 



Amono- the ancient Gauls, affiliation was a fort of adop- 

 tion onW praftifed among the great—It was peifonned 

 '°th military ceremonies: the father prefented a battle-axe 

 to the perfon he was to adopt for his fon, as an mtnnation 

 that he was to preferve the effeas he thus called him to fuc- 



ceed to, by arms. . ^ • t 7> / 



AFFINAGE is fometimes ufed, m Jnctftit Law houks, 



for the refining of metals. ^ a ^ K, 



AFFINITY properly imports a relation contraaed be- 

 tween one of two parties married, and the kmdred ot the 



"^ TlJ'lvord is oiT^rinally Latin, compounded of ad, to, and 

 fnis, boundary, limit; by reafon as the lawyers fay, that 

 ^neof the families here approaches to the bounds of the 

 other '^iwd du^ co-ynationcs per tmptuu copuUmtur, iS atteta 

 ad Jterh^r cognafwncs finan accent. Or, as another ex- 

 prefles it, ^lod utrhifque cognafwms fnes in unum locum con- 



■^""'in' which fenfe the word (lands contradiftinguiflicd from 

 confarwmnity, which is a relation by blood. 



Affinity does not found any real kinnnp ; it is no more 

 than a kind of fidion, introduced on account of the dole 

 relation between huihand and wife. It is even iaid to ceafe, 

 when the caufe of it ceafes. Hence a woman who is not 

 capable of being a witnefs for her huftand's brother, dvir- 

 \Z his life-time, is allowed for a witnefs, when a widow, by 

 reafon the affinity is diffolved. Yet, vvith regard to the con- 

 trafting marriage, affinity is not dilTolved by death, though 

 it be in evciT thing elfe. . 



In the Mofaical law there are feveral degrees of affinity, 

 wherein marriage is exprefsly prohibited, which yet ieem 

 not at all prohibited by the law of nature. 



Thus (fee Lev. xviii. 7, &c.) a fon could not marry 

 his mother, nor his father's feeoud wife: a brother could 

 not marry his lifter, either by the lather only or by the mo- 

 ther only, much lefs if related to him both by father and 

 mother ; a grandfather could not nvarry his grand-dauglitcr ; 

 no one coufd man^ the daughter of his father s wife, nor 

 the lifter of his father or mother ; nor the uncle his mece, 

 nor the aunt her nephew ; nor the nephew the wife ot his 

 uncle by the father's fide : a father-in-law could not many 

 his daughter-in-law ; nor a brother the wife of 1"^ brother, 

 while living, nor after the death .t that brother if he left 

 children ; if he left no children, the living brother was to 

 raife up children to his deceafed brother, by manymg his 

 widow • it was forbidden to marry a mother and her daugh- 

 ter at one time, or the daughter of the mother's Jon, or the 

 dauo-hter of her daughter, or two fillers together. itie 

 patriarchs, indeed, before the law, fometimes married their 

 half-fifters, as Abraham married Sarah, his father s daugli- 

 ter by another mother ; or two fitters together, as Jacob 

 man-ied Rachel and Leah ; but thefe cafes are- rot examples, 

 becaufe they might then plead neceffity or cuftom, and the 

 prohibitoiT law as not exifting. If other inftanees occur 

 before or fince the law, the Scripture exprefsly dilapproves 

 of them, as Reuben's inceft with Bilhah, his father s concu- 

 bine, and the conneftion of Ammon with his fifter 1 amar ; 

 and that of Herod Antipas with Herodias, his liicer-in- 

 law, or his brother Philip's wife, while her huihand was 

 living, and that which St. Paul reproves among the Corin- 

 thians, 2 Cor. V. Calmet. . „- • rri 



The Crt»o«//?J diftinguiffi thre£ fpecies of affinity.-- 1 lie 

 firft, that contracted between the hulband and the relations 



A F F 



by blood of his wife ; and between the wife and the relations 



bv blood of her huPjand. w„i,„l,;« 



' The feeond, between the hulband and thofe >-f t^-'J ;° * 



wife by marriage ; and the wife, and thofe fo related to her 



^'"Thfthird, between "the hufband and the relations of his 

 wife's relations ; and the wife, and the relations of he. liul- 



band's relations. in-,,,,;, ,vi« 



By the fourth council of Lateran, held in ' ^ 3- -'» 

 decried, that none but the fiA kind was any real aflu.ty 

 the reft being mere refinements, which ought to b. let 



'^'llie degrees are reckoned after the fame n-mier in af- 

 finity as in consanguinity; and therefore d'ft^ently m 

 the Qanon U'u. from what they are in the Ct^d La^^- 



Whatever line or degree of ^°"'=>"g«'""y.^^'^, ^^^tflinc 

 one of the parties married are in, they are m the fame line 

 Zl degree 'of affinity to the other. And again in whatever 

 hue or deo-ree of affinity perfons are, m |1>^ *"/^ '-'"^' ^!*'> 

 a"^ in the'fame in the lecond and third kinds of afcn,t>. 

 Hence arife what we may call a dired and collateral, an af- 

 cendinff and a defcending hue of affinity. 



The^omanifts talk ol" a fph-Uual ='ffi>"ty'."X:rctm-ch^ 

 the facrament of baptilm and conl.rmation In that ch 1 ch 

 a ^od-fathermay not many with his god-daughtei, without 



^^:t;^s and term, of affinity are chiefly, father-in- 

 law, ;. .. hulhand's or wife's father, m Latin, /«m- j itep-ta- 

 ther, i.e. mother's hufband, a.//nV». ;. mother-m-law, j. ^. 

 hidband's or wife's mother,/.... ; l^ep-other, . .. fa her 



wife, no..rca; fon-in-law, S^^""' '^ . ^f't V^^ 7: Z^X^^v 

 ftep-dauo-hter, i. e. hulhand's or wife's daughter by anothei 

 ma ri°,*r4.. ; ftep-fon, ;'. .. hulhand's or wife's fon by 



in relation to each other, are called co,nprn„sm_, fon- n- 

 law, ;. c. daughter's huihand; brother-ni-law, ;. j. hul- 

 W's brothei-r or fifter's huihand, A..r ; -'f^ j^ J?™ ^ ' 

 bi-olher's wife ; fitter-in-law, ,. e. hulhand's or vMfe s iiilei. 



Calv. Lex. Jur. . ,■ • , j • . • •/ .i,.,f 



Affinity, in the CivU Laiv, is divided mto r/r;/, that 



between free perfons; ^nAfervik, that between flaves 



Affinity, %V/m«/., is that contracted by a propei and 



legal motrlmony ; or, between flaves, by cmituben,^:,,,. 



Affinity, W;,,/^'., that contraaed out ot legal mar- 



"^Affinity may be contraaed by an unlawful commerce : 

 thus a perfon who has impregnated two iifters, is prolii- 

 bited iiLrying either of them; thus an affinity ma> com- 

 mence between luAand and wife, by his lying wuh her 



r n 



' Affinity, /;w, is that/ubfifting while the marriage be- 

 tween the two parties fubfifts. , j-/r 1 



Affinity, yV> that fubfifting either after the d.fl-oh- 

 tion of the marriage, as between a huihand and his N^fe s 

 daughter, begot by another after her being divorced from 

 him ; or before the marriage is folemnized, as that be- 

 tween a father and a daughter, only elpoufed, or betrothed 



^° AffTn'ity is alfo ufed figuratively, for a conformity, or 

 ao-reemcnt, between one thing and another. 

 ° In which fenfe the word ftands oppofed to diverfity, va- 



rietv, oppofition, &c. , . , • 1 n- j 



Bifluip Wilkins gives tables, wherein things ai-e claft-ed 



according to their affinities. Vide Pveal Charaa. p. u. 



'■ Henckelius has a treatife on the affinity between vegetables 

 aud^/Wfl/x. ^^-^ Affinitv 



