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The elephant fomctimes reaches the mofl dextrous riders 

 with his probofcis ; and having daflicd the horfc to the 

 ground iVti his feet upon him, and loon tears him hmb 

 from limb. Brace's Travels, vol. iv. 297. &c. See Ele- 

 fH.xsr. 



AGAT. Rce Aoio. 



Ac4i, in dogr.jphy, a fma'.l port of Provence, about two 

 lc3j;uc;from I'rcjiis. 



AGALACTIA, in Phyfic, fignifies a deficiency of milk 

 in a mother, who is therefore called by Hippocrates ufa.- 



AGALLF.GA. See Gallkga. 



AGALLOCHUM, a medicinal wood imported from 

 the Eaft Indies, ufually in Imall bits, of a very fragrant 

 fccnt. The word is derived from ihe verb a!'x\>.ou.xi, I koajl., 

 in allufion to the eNcclkncy of its odour. This wood is 

 othcrwife called lij^num aloes, and xyloaloe, q. d. aloc-iuood, 

 not that it is produced from the common aloe-plant, which 

 yields the infpilTatcd juice of that name. It is the produce 

 of a tree of a very different kind, growing in the Eail Indies, 

 particularly Sumatra and Cochiiichina, or the Ex.ccARiA 

 Jgallocha of Linnasus. Some call it likewife lignum faradijt. 

 It yields a concrete oil. See its chemical hiftory in Neumann's 

 Works, p. 420. 



It is of a bluifh purple colour, marked with veins and 

 fpots, very heavy and bitter ; when burnt it yields drops of 

 an aftringent liquor, and a fweet aromatic fume. It is hot 

 and drying, and eflecmed a great ftrengthenerof the nerves 

 in general, but particularly of the head and ftomach. 



The various names and accounts given of the agallochum 

 are fo very different, as well as the fpecimens of it common 

 in our (hops, that it does not feem to be properly known 

 amongft us. 



Bauhin and the Moderns diftinguifh three forts of agallo- 

 chum, which differ either as to the excellence of their 

 quahty, or to the country that produces them ; accordingly 

 they call the^/y^ calambac, which is the moil excellent 

 agallochum, denominated alfo calambac Indorum, kanam 

 Cochinchenfium, and fokio. The /econd is the agallochum of 

 the (hops, denominated lignum aloes. The third is alfo 

 called CALAMBAC, agallochum fylveftre, and lignum aloes 

 Mexicanum. 



M. de Loureiro, whofe long refidence in Cochinchina, 

 whence the real and moft efteemed agallochum is exported to 

 aU the Aijatic markets, led him to an acquaintance with 

 this fubflance, has defcribed the tree which produces it, and 

 gives a hiftory of its formation. To the genus of plants, 

 of which this is a fpecies, he gives the name of aloexylum, 

 and the particular fpecies he calls aloexylum verum. The 

 Tcfmous concretion which is found in thefe trees, when in a 

 decayed (late, is the true agallochum, the hiftory of which 

 is fatisfaftorily detailed in a Memoir, on its true nature and 

 origin, in vol. i. of the Memoirs of the Royal Academy of 

 Sciences, at Lifbon. 



AGALMATA, in Antiquity, originally denoted the or- 

 naments of temples and ilatues ; but came afterwards to be 

 popularly ufed for the ftatues and temples themfelves, and 

 for the impreffions and images on a feal. 



AGAMA, in Zoology, a fpecies of Lacerta, with a 

 long round tail, the upper part of the neck and under part 

 of the head aculeated, with reverfe fcales. There is a variety 

 of this called iguana falamtmdrina, with the tail imbricated 

 by large fcales, as the former is denominated iguana cordylina. 

 It is founil in America. 



AGAMASKA or ViKtRs, in Geography, an ifland in 

 James's bay, in North America. 



AGAMEDA, in Antient Geography, a place in the iile of 



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Lefbns, near Pyrrha. Here was a fountain of the fame nam?, 

 which had been alfo that of a woman, who was diilinguilhed 

 by her (kill in preparing poifons. 



AGAMEMNON, in Cii/Jical Biography, one of the 

 heroes engaged in the Trojan war, was the fon accordinjr 

 to Homer, and according to Herodotus, the grandfon of 

 Atrcus, whom he fucccedt-d in the government of Argos 

 and Myconar. Homer calls him and his brother Menclaus 

 Atridcs, the fons of Atreus ; but Heftod and others fay, 

 they wire the fons of Pliilhcnes, the brother of Atreus. 

 Agamemnon, having engaged the fuccour of Tyndarus, 

 king of Spwita, drove Thyetles, his uncle, frijm Argos ; killed 

 his fon Tantalus, and married Clytemneftra, his wife, by 

 whom he had four daughters, but according to Euripides 

 only two, iv'z. Iphigenia and Eleftra, and one fon, the fa- 

 mous Oreftes. To him was entvuilcd the command of the 

 confederate army againft Troy, which expedition com- 

 menced, according to the chronology of Blair, 1193 years 

 before Chrift. At Aulis, where the fleet was detained by 

 contrary winds, Calchas, the foothfayer, enjoined the fa- 

 crifice of Iphigenia, the daughter of Agamemnon, as a pro- 

 pitiatory olTering to Diana ; but his compliance with this 

 fuperllitious and cruel order, produced a fatal hatred between 

 him and his wife Clytemneftra. In the Trojan war, he dif- 

 tinguiflied himfelf as a prince and general ; though his unjult 

 treatment of Achilles, from whom he took lirileis, occa- 

 fioned many evils to the Greeks. Upon his return he 

 brought with him, as a concubine, CaflTandra, the daughter 

 of Priam, and was infidioufly received by Clytemneftra, wha 

 had formed a criminal connection with Egifthus, and who 

 aflifted that prince in affaflinating him. His fon Oreftes after- 

 wards took revenge on the murderers ; and the calamitous 

 events that marked the hiftory of thii family have been fa- 

 vourite fubjefts of the tragic mufe of ancient Greece, and 

 of its imitators in modern times. The death of Agamejn- 

 non is the fubjeft of a tragedy of iEfchylus and of 

 Seneca. 



Agamemnon, in Entomology, a fpecies of PapnTio, with 

 black wings, fpotted with green, and the hinder ones having 

 on the under part a lunated ocellus and red fpots. It is 

 found in Afia. 



Agamsmko-h's fountains were (ituated in Ionia, about 

 5000 paces from Smyrna. 



AGAMENTICUS, in Geography, a high mountain of 

 America, in the diftrift of Maine, diftant about fix miles 

 from Bald-head and eight from York harbour, which is a 

 noted mark for feamen, particularly in the entry of Pafca- 

 taqua harbour. It is covered with wood and fhrubs, and 

 affords pafture to its fummit, whence the profpeft is en- 

 chanting. N. lat. 43' 16'. W. long. 70° 39'. 



Agamenticus is alfo a river in the center of York 

 county and diftrifl of Maine. It receives its waters from 

 the ocean through the bay of Pafcataqua, and has only a 

 fcanty fupply from ftreams of frelh water. Its mouth is 

 about four miles fouth from Cape Neddie river, and admits 

 fmall vefTels. 



AGAMI, in Ornithology, a name given by the French 

 at Cayenne, and applied by Buffon to the Psof hi A crepitant 

 of Tinnseus, the grusp/ophia o{ Palhs,the Phajlanus y/ntillarum 

 of BrifTon, and the gold-breajled trumpeter of Latham ; the 

 fpecific charafter of which is, that its head and breaft are 

 fmooth and (hining green. This bird is 2 2 inches long, 

 with a (hort tail concealed by the upper coverts and not pro- 

 jefting beyond the wings, and legs five inches high, covered 

 with fmall fcales, reaching two inches above the kneer, which 

 are not feathered. Its head, throat, and fuperior half of the 

 neck, are covered with a ftiort, clofe and fofv dovn ; the 

 5 fore-. 



