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of tl'.tTo culoiirs, v.liii'h ivnckr it very heautifiil ; fonvcS, 

 cciittr boiled, edge tvinu-tl down, three to fuur inches 

 diumetcr, cliitliy to tlie toncli ; flefli pale buff; ilem folid, 

 nearly eylindrieal, but gradually tapering upwards, ricii 

 buff, fnaded with fine role red, three to live inches liigh, 

 half inch in diameter ; flelh pale, buffy, ipongv and 

 clailic. This is common in Italy, and broujrht to the mar- 

 kets for fale. The ancient Romans eileemed it one of the 

 greatcll luxuries for the table. It was made the vehicle 

 for poifon to Claudius Cxlar by his wife Agrippina, and 

 lias therefore been celebrated by Juvenal and Martial. 

 Schitfferand Clulius have recited fcveral curious cireiunttan- 

 ccs refpefting it. Dr. Withering apprehends that thcfe 

 authors have miftaken the fpecies, and that their accoimt 

 fliould be transferred to the A. cleHdofus. The A. xernm- 

 pi-linus is eatable, but its tafte is not at all agreeable. It is 

 the A. crfiirms of Schaeffer, and firft found by Dr. ^^'i- 

 thering's daughter, on the red rock plantations at Edg- 

 ballon, July 6th 1791 ; and afterwards in Sept. 1793: and 

 in July 1792, amongil: moi? in the fir planl-ations at Tetten- 

 hall, Staflordlhire. Dr. W. enumerates five varieties. 



A. delic'iofiis has gills decurrent, flame-coloured, narrow, 

 regularly branched ; pileus rich red brown ; flefh nearly flat, 

 but fomewhat hollowed at the centre and the edge turned 

 in, from one and a halt to three inches over ; orange-coloiu" ; 

 Hem orange, folid, tnpering downwards, from one to two 

 inches high, and a quarter to three-eighths inch diameter : 

 hollow with age. The juice is rich yellow, which foon 

 turns green. It is found in the fir-plantations of Scotland, 

 and in thole of the barren hills at Barr, in Staffordlhire 

 Dr. Smith alio found it at HiUingdon, Mtddlefex, under 

 fome fir-trees, and it alio grows near Guildfoi'd. It is much 

 tlteemed in Italy, and cxpofed in the markets, and fuppofed 

 to have been the A. cafar.us mentioned by the autliors cited 

 under the preceding article. Dr. Withering enumerates three 

 varieties, one of vvhieli afi'ords, from every part of it when 

 ivoundcd, a copious diiciiargc of yellow acrid juice. They are 

 gathered in woods and Ary paftures in Sept. and Oct. 



A. cinnamomeus has gills, four in a fct, broad about the 

 middle, deep tawny red, and fixed by claws ; pileus convex 

 but boffed, of a rich cinnam.on colour, from one and 

 a half to three and a h:;lf inches diameter ; the ilem hollow, 

 cylindrical, filky, (liining, two inches high, thick as a goofe 

 quill, of a fine full yellow colour. This is a fpecies that 

 is readily diftinguiflied by its cinnamon-colour. It is found 

 in woods in September and Ottober ; and has a good fla- 

 vour. It is the A. annamomeus of Bolton. The A. cy- 

 elhiform'is of Schxffer is a variety of this. 



A. bulbofus has white, loofe, iiTcgular gills ; pileus con- 

 vex, white, fmooth, fometimes fringed at the edge, four or 

 five inches over ; flefh white, fpongy and very thick ; 

 flem folid, cyUndrical, fmooth, \\hite, four inches high, and 

 half inch or more in diameter : ring permanent, broad, 

 and white. This fpecies poffeffes all the parts belonging 

 to the genus, and is well adapted to inllruft the learner in 

 underilanding them. It is foiuid from Qjring to the end 

 of autumn in rich foil, and alfo in gardens, on the fides 

 and at the bafe of hot-beds. Dr. Withering enumerates 

 four varieties, found in woods about the roots of trees, 

 and in paftures : and he refers the A. Liilbofiis of the Fl. 

 «ingl. to the A. glaucDpiii of Schosffer, with brown gills, 

 from four to eight in a fet, chefnut and femi-globulnr pi- 

 leus, thick fteni of a white or pinky colour, and curtain 

 refembling a cobweb, white flefli with a pinky tinge, folid 

 whitifh ftem, and very large bulbous root. The A. hul- 

 lofus of Hudfon and Ray is referred by this author to A. 

 I'iolaceus of Linnxus; which has fixed purple gills, numerous, 

 tight in a fet j long gills fometimes cloven, and a fe'.v of them 



Vol. I. 



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(L-eurren! ; puip'.e ji'Ieus, fofi, finooth, firm, convex, b'jt 

 ccntraliy d.preii'ed with age, and cracking at the edg?, 

 which is iomcwhut turned down, fiom half inch to five inches 

 over : ilem folid, cylindrical, purjilc, bulbous at the bafe, 

 from one to four inches \\vA\, and from a quarter to one 

 inch in diameter ; and curtain like a cobweb. In maturity, 

 it plentifully emits a powder of the colour of Spnniili 

 fnuir. It is not uncommon from Oi^ober to December, 

 in Edgbailon and Bair plantations, in the woods near 

 Bath, and at Powick near Worccder. With much broil- 

 ing and duly fcaioned, it is eileemed delicious as an 

 oyiler. A. canJ'ulus ot I^innxus is fmall and white, with 

 an hemifpherical pileus ha\nng its margin turned inwards 

 and flexile gills, and ilem cylindrical and flexuous. Dr. 

 Withering refers the A. canilidus of Hudfon to the Mi;ru- 

 Liv« vmhdlifcrus. A. nstais has gills decuiMcnt, white, few, 

 fliort and in pairs; pileus white; bofs yellowifli, at fii-ft co- 

 nlcal, then flat, and lailly inverted, tv.-o inches in diameter; 

 Ilem folid, whitifli buff, bending, three inches high, and a 

 quarter of an inch in diameter. The whole plant is veiy 

 vifeid, but dries when gathered. Dr. W. fufpetts it to 

 be an unufually large plant of the A. ebunieiis. It is found 

 in autumn in Packington Park, Warwickfliire. A. mu- 

 tnbilis of Schreft'er has loofe, yellow brown gills, four in a fet; 

 brown orange pileus, convex and boffed ; item hollow, cy- 

 lindrical, red brown arid fcaly below, and whitifli above 

 the ring ; curtain thready ; ring permanent and imperfett. 

 It is common in Auguft, on decaying and rotten 

 wood. The A. mutabUis of Hudfon, Ray, &c. is referred 

 by Dr. W. to the A. vefutlpes of Ciu'tis, with pale ycUov? 

 gills, eight in a ftt ; pileus brown orange, nearly flat ; flem 

 yellow above, velvety and dark brown below. It is not 

 uncommon in April and Odtober, grows in clufters, and is 

 geneiiiily attached to rotten wood. A. craffijws has gills white, 

 brownifli at the edges, flclhy, diftant, four in a fet ; pileuj 

 reddifli brown, boffed and cracking ; ftem tapering down- 

 wards and ribbed. It grows in cluilers, at the bale of de» 

 caying trees. The A. craffipes of Schaffer is made by Dr. 

 W. a variety of the A. elajlicus with white gills, four in 

 a fet ; pileus chefnut and femi-globular ; ftem buffy, white 

 and tapering. This agaric is tough and ilrong, with a con- 

 fiderable elailicity, and found under oak trees in Auguft, 

 September and Oftober. A. varitts has white gills, not 

 numerous, two or four in a fet ; pileus conical and fcored ; 

 ftem cylindrical, glofl'y, ftifl", and about the fize of a crow- 

 quill. Of this fpecies Dr. W. has enumerated eight va- 

 rieties, moil of which are found at the roots of filberd trees. 

 The A. varius of ScliEffer is in Dr. W .'i an'angement a 

 variety of the A. glaucopus, and that of Bolton a variety 

 of the A. fimi-Jyiitns of Bulliard, which has gills dark 

 brown to black, iour or eight in a fet ; pileus jiale brown, 

 conical, blunt, with polifhcd apex, and white item. It \<= 

 found in October, in gardens. A variety of it, with foui 

 gills in a fet, and a pileus grey to black, is found among 

 rotten leaves rn grafs-land. Another variety, which is the 

 A. I'arius of Bolton, is found on grafs-platn and new niowa 

 fields in July. It has chocolate gills from brown to black, 

 mottled, and in pairs ; pileus moufe -colour, conical and 

 pointed ; ftem of the fame colour, cylindrical and firm. 

 This, though a common, is a very beautiful fpecies. In 

 a fummer morning it is covered with a bloom like that of 

 a plumb, having often a glittering ii.angled appearance ; 

 its form is regular, and the fringe of the curtain peculiarly 

 delicate. Another variety, with the ftem of a dark m-j'- 

 berry colour, is found in wet gravel where no grais grows, 

 and fometimes on cuw-dung, in vv'hich cafe the ilem, under 

 the flicker of long grafs, is covered with a white hoarhiefs, 

 which is cai'jly rubbed off. 



3 C A. sn'.g^r 



