AGO 



A G G 



blood, eafHa, fago, vermicelli, pulfe, comfrey, plantain, &c. 

 If the term, fays Dr. CiiUen, has any foundation at all, it 

 muft have the fame meaning with that of \uitrient ; and there 

 is no propriety in ufing a doubtful theorctleal term. Nor 

 is the term lefs improperly applied to medicines that are 

 failed to cement and reunite parts preternaturnlly fepa- 

 Yated, and therefore employed in wounds and ulcers. Dri- 

 tifh furgeons neitiicr know nor employ any fuch medicines : 

 the bufinefs is the work of nature ; and their concern is to 

 remove impediments to its operation. CuUen's Mat. Med. 

 vol. i. 163. 



AGGLITINATIO Pilorum, a healing or reducing 

 the hairo of the eye -lids, that grow inwards, to their natural 

 order and fituation. This may be done by mallic applied 

 with a probe, which bends the hairs back into 'heir proper 

 order. Bitumen, the (lime of a fnail taken off with a needle, 

 the juice of hawks-weed, the liquor of agglutinants, or 

 ammoniac, produce the fame efFec\. 



AGGLUTINATION, literally denotes the aft of 

 joining or cementing two bodies together, by means of a 

 proper glue or cemeut. 



In Medir'iuf, the tenn is peculiarly ufed for the appofi- 

 tion or adherence of a new fubftance ; or the giving a 

 greater confillence to the animal fluids, to fit them the more 

 for nouriniment. 



Some aflign a difference between agglutination and nfflnula- 

 tion : in that Ipecies of leprofy called X!u>t»i, there is an 

 adhefion, or agglutination of the nutriment, but \\aqffiiinln- 

 tion. In the anafarcous dropfy, on the contrary, there is 

 an adjimnion, without any agglutination ; i. e. there is an 

 afflux of new matter, or iiourilliment, l;ut this is fo thin, 

 and watery, that it wants the due ftifFnefs and tenacity to 

 make it bind. 



Some will have agglutination to be effcfted by a ferment : 

 others affert, that by reafon of the glutinous quality of the 

 chyle, a mere contaft fuffices to make it adhere to the 

 parts. 



Agglutination is ufed by fome aftronomers to denote 

 the meeting of two or more ftars in the fame part of the 



ZODIAC. 



Agglutination is more peculiarly underftood of the 

 feeming condition of feveral ftars, fo as to form a nebu- 

 lous liar. 



Agglutination, in Surgery, the fame as adhesion. 

 The reunion of wounds was formerly fuppofed to be effected 

 by means of certain applications, named agglutinants ; 

 but thefe remedies are now known to aft only by keeping 

 the feparated "Jiarts in exacFt appofition. The doftrine of 

 adhefion is treated at large in the firft volume of Mr. John 

 Bell's " Principles of Surgery." See the article Wounds. 



A preternatural agglutination of the eyelids conllitutes 

 the difeafe named Anchyloelepharon. 



AGGRAVATION, compounded oi ad, to, ^inA gravis, 

 heavy, the act of augmenting a crime, or punishment 

 thereof. 



Aggravation, in the Romirti Canon Laiv, is particularly 

 ufed for an ecclefiaflical cenfure, threatening an excommu- 

 nication, after three admonitions ufed in vain. 



From aggravation they proceed to re-aggravation ; which 

 is the laft excommunication. 



AGGREGAT7E^/^n«'«/,r, the fmall glands in the cellu- 

 lar, which is next to the villous coat of the inteftines, are fo 

 called ; but as thefe glands are not vifible in an uninjecled 

 gut, many anatomifts fufpeft them to be only little bits of 

 fcpamted wax. 



AGGREGATES Terrx, in the Linn^an fyftem of 

 Mineralogy, denote the feventh order of earths, compre- 



hending thofe that are formed of the aggregate earths of 

 the preceding orders. To this order belong the fix follow- 

 ing genera, viz. Granites, Cue'ijfiim, Porphyrias, Amygdalilet, 

 Breecin, and y/nnariiis. 



AGGREGATE, is formed of W, /o, lind grex, gregis, 

 a florl, the fum, or refult of feveral things, aggregated, or 

 added together. 



Natural bodies are aggregates, or afTemblages of particles, 

 or corpTifeles, bound together by the principles of attrac- 

 tion. Bodies politic are likewlfe faid to be aggregate ; fuch 

 as mayor and commonality, dean and chapter, &c. in con- 

 tradift'inflion to corporation file ; fuch as the king, a 

 bifhop, &c. 



Aggregate, in general, fignifies a body refulting from 

 the union of others of the fame kind which are fmallcr, the 

 whole fum of which combined is called the aggregate. 

 The minuteft parts into which an aggregate can be ima- 

 gined to be divided without decompolition, are called inte- 

 grant parts ; but the parts into which it is divided by de- 

 compofition are called component parts or principles. It 

 is particularly ufed by fomc chemilh and naturalills, for a 

 numerous C(illedion of atoms, or minutetl corpufeles, whe- 

 ther homogeneous or heterogenous, joined together by con- 

 tiguity, without regard to the quality of fuch atoms. In 

 which fenfe aggregate differs from mixt, as the former fnp- 

 pofes no particular fituation, or pofition, of the corpufeles, 

 other than what arifes from their proportion, ar.d the relation 

 they bear to the ambient bodies, among which the coali- 

 tion is formed. 



Aggregate alfo differs from mixt, as the latter is formed 

 immediately out of the principles of matter, fo firmly united, 

 as that it was veiy difficult, if not iinpofiible, to fepurate 

 them. 



Aggregate again differs from compound, as the latter is 

 formed out of mixts, and is eafily di.Tolvable. 



Aggregates then, are the ultimate compounds, or the laft 

 cffefts ofcompofition ; they refolve into compounds as their 

 next ingredients, thefe into milcts, and mixts into fimples, 

 or principles ; though in ftriftnefs, aggregates may refolve 

 alfo into mixts, and mixts into fimples, jnafmuch as they 

 confift of heterogeneous parts. 



This doftrine and diitinftion of aggregates, mixts, and 

 compounds, is the foundation of the ehemieal theory of 

 Beccher and Stahl ; the laft of whom has traced it with 

 great exaftnefs. Hence has arifen a new doftrine of earths, 

 metals, S:c. which has fince been illuftrated and extended 

 by the beft modern chemifls. 



Aggregate, in Botany, is a term ufed to exprefs thofc 

 flowers, which are compofed of parts or florets, fo united or 

 incorporated by means either of the receptacle or calyx, that 

 no one of them can be taken away without dellroying the form 

 of the v.hole. They are oppoftd to finiple flowers, which have 

 no fuch common part, which is either the receptacle or the 

 calyx, and are ufually divided into feven kinds, vii. the ag' 

 gregaie, properly fo called, whofe recejitacle is dilated, and 

 whofe florets are fupported by foot-ilalks ; fuch are the blue 

 daify, thrift, or fea-pink, &c. : the compound, which confill of 

 feveral florets, that are placed, without partial peduncles, on a 

 common dilated receptacle, and within a common perian- 

 thinm ; and where each floret hath its proper calyx, it is alfo a 

 perianthium: Umhellalc, when the flower confifts of many flo- 

 rets placed on falligiate peduncles, proceeding fromihe fame 

 ftem or receptacle ; and which, though of different lengths, 

 rife to fuch a height as to form a regular head or umbel, flat, 

 convex, or concave : Cvmotis, when feveral falligiate pedun- 

 cles proceed from the (itme centre, like the umbel, and rile 

 to nearly an even height ; but unlike the umbel, the fecond- 



ary 



