A GTl 



tiiarr of the Jewifh temple at Jcnifajcni. Tlie Jcwe re- 

 fiilcd the execution of the orLk-r ; and Pctroniiis, tin: go- 

 vfi or, dclnytil it. Whild the emperor \%-as reading Petro- 

 iiui>'s letter, in which he cxe-ufcd his deiiy, and requcfted 

 foither indniftions, Agrippa prcfcnttd iiin\felf as an inter- 

 celFor in behalf of the Jews ; Imt fo great were his agita- 

 tion and didicfa, that he fainted away, and was carried oil 

 to his own palace. As foon as he recovered, he wrote a 

 pathetic letter to the emperor, preferved in the works of 

 J'hilo (torn ii. p. 5S6. Ed. Mangey), in which he declares, 

 that, for his own part, he (liould not out-live the profana- 

 tion of the facred temple, and that it would undoubtedly 

 complete the ruin of the Jewilh nation. Cains relented ; 

 and after fomc further artifices on the part of Agrippa, the 

 order was countermanded. The attempt, however, was 

 afterwards renewed ; but the adidlinatlon of the emperor, 

 A. D. 41, prevented the dreadful confequences which the 

 execution of it mufl have produced. 



Agrippa, who w-as now at Rome, contributed to the 

 acccllion of Claudius ; and was remunerated by the con- 

 firmation of all Caligula's grants ; by the addition of Judsea, 

 Samaria, and the Southern parts of Idumea ; and by feve- 

 ral edifts in favour of the Jews. He was, likewiie, ho- 

 iioui-ed with the confular infignia, and indulged with the 

 privilege of paying his compliments to the emperor in 

 (rrcek ; a ceremony which was ufually performed in the 

 Latin language. At hh requell, the kip.gdom of Chalcis, 

 in .Syria, was beftowed on his brother and fon-in-la'.v, He- 

 rod. All thefe grants were engraved on copper, and fet up 

 in the capital : and Agrippa was thus pofl'eiTed of territo- 

 ries, which extended to the farthefl limits of the dominions 

 of his grandfather, Hei'od the Great. Agrippa, foon after 

 the eftablifhm.ent of Claudius, returned to his kingdom, 

 where he manifefted a ■/■.ealous attachment to the rehgion -of 

 his country ; and caufcd the golden chain, which Caius had 

 given him, to be hung up in one of the moll confpicuous 

 parts cf the temple, as a monument to pofterity of the 

 initability of human aflairs. He depofed and appointed 

 feveral high-prieils in a fliort time. His government was 

 condutled, according to Jofephus, with a great degree of 

 moderation and clemency ; but Dion Cafllus, (lib. lix. 

 torn. ii. p. 928. Ed. Reimari) fays, that Agrippa was 

 reckoned one of Caligula's advifers in his cruel and tyran- 

 nical meafures. If he had been lefs anxious to pleafe the 

 Jews, he would not probably have difgraced his reign by 

 the perfecution of the Chriltians, who feemedto have been 

 very quiet at Jerulalem ever fince St. Paul's converfion. 

 The martyrdom of James the Lefs, the brother of John, 

 and the imprifonment of Peter, are juftly afcribed to him. 

 But with his zc:d for the Jewifh rites and praftices, he 

 blended Heathen obiervances, which gave oflFence ; and, in 

 conformity to the Roman talte, he exhibited fhows of gla- 

 diators and public games. At Coefarea, whither he went 

 with a fplendid and numerous retinue, for the piirpofe of 

 vele'orating fomc games in honour of Claudius Cxfar, he 

 appeared in a brilliant garb on the theatre, and addrefled an 

 elegant fpeech to the deputies of Tyre and Sidon, who ap- 

 peared before him to make an apology for foine offence, 

 and to foiicit his future favour. Thefe ambaffadors, and 

 other attendants on the occafion, expreifed their adulation 

 in the moft extravagant terms ;■ exclainung, that his voice 

 was that of a god, and not a man, and pradliilng fome atti- 

 tudes that approached to thofe of adoration. Tlie king, 

 fo far from reilraining thefe expreffions of flattery and ho- 

 mage, manifeftcd his approbation of them ; he was imme- 

 diately feized with a violent diforder in his bowels, probablv 

 Sinilar to that of Herod, bis grandfatlier, and attended 



A G R 



with the fame circimifiancc, whicii, after a torture of f^re 

 days, terminated in his death, A.D. 44. in the 54th year 

 of his age, and the 7th of his reign. He left a fon of the 

 fame name, and three daughters, vi/. Berenice, who was 

 marrii d to Herod, her father's brother ; and IVlariamne and 

 D-uiilla, both unmarried, but contrafted ; the former to 

 Julius Archelaus, the fon of Chalcias, or Elchias, probably 

 of the Herodian family ; and the latter to Epiphanes, th;.- 

 fon of Antiochus, king of Comagene, but afterwards mar- 

 ried to A'/izus, king of Eniefa. Mariamne abandoned 

 Archelaus, her hudiand, to many Demetrius, a noble and 

 rich Jew of Alexandria, and one of the chief magiilrates ; 

 by whom (l^.e had a fon, named Agrippinus. Druhlla left 

 her hu(b>ind, and renounced the Jewilh religion to marry 

 Felix, governor of Judo:a : by bini (lie had a fon, called 

 Agrippa, who perillied with his n'.othcr, in the conflagra- 

 tion oecafioned by mount Vefuvius, under the emperor 

 Titus. His death was celebrated at Coefarea with tumul- 

 tuous rejoicings, and his memory infidted with the vilell 

 outrages. Jofeph. Antiq. PWlof.. Lcgat. Ant. Un. Hilt, 

 vol. iii. p. 272 — 279. 8va. 



Agrippa IL Herod, was the fon of Agrippa L; edu- 

 cated at Rome, and at the death of his father was 1 7, years 

 old ; and therefore thought too young for fucceeding in 

 the kiofdom. Judosa, on this occafion, became a Roman 

 province, and was committed to the care of Cufpius Fadu;^, 

 who received inllruftions to punilh ihofe who hud infuited 

 the mcmorv of the late king. When Herod, the uncle of 

 Agrippa, died, the fuperintendeney of the temple and facred 

 trealuvy, the privilege of nominating the high-prieft, and 

 the kingdom of Chalcis, were conferred upon him. He 

 refided ciiiefly at Jerufalem, where, with his filler Berenice, 

 he heard Paul's defence before Feftus, the Roman governor, 

 (recorded Ails, xxv, xxvi. ) and owned himfclt almotl: con- 

 vinced by it. Agrippa difpleafed the Jews by building a 

 palace, which overlooked the temple, and expofed their 

 fervice to the view of Feftus and the Romans ; but to pre- 

 vent this intrufion, they erefted a partition wall, which the 

 king ordered to be demolifhed. On application to the em- 

 peror, and by the interceflion of Poppsea, the wall was 

 allowed to remain. At the commencement of that revolt, 

 which terminated in the dcfti-uftion oi the Jewifh nation, 

 Agrippa, attempting to appeafe the Jews, was fo infuited 

 by them that he was obliged to fecure himfelf from their 

 violence, by leaving Jerufalem. He afterwards joined Cef- 

 tius, the Pvoman governor ; and when Vefpafian arrived in 

 the province, he met him with a confiderable reinforcement, 

 and accompanied him to Rome, when he took poffefiion of 

 the empire. During the liege of Jerufalem, he was very 

 ferviccable to Titus ; and after its redaftion, he and Bere- 

 nice (with whom he was fufpefted to have had an incsf- 

 tuous intercourfe) retired to Rome. His kingdom is faid 

 to have been enlarged by the influence of Titus, who was 

 ■ paflionately attached to his filter Berenice ; and v.ho would 

 have married her, if the Romans had not refilled his defign, 

 partly becaufe flie was a Jewel's, and partly becaufe fhe was 

 royally defcended. He was, therefore, obliged to fend her 

 away. As for Agrippa, he was the lafl of the Herodian 

 race that bore the royal title, and is fuppofed to have died at 

 Rome, as fome fay, A. D. 90 ; according to others, A.D.. 

 94 ; and as others fay, A. D. 100. Jofeph. Ant. Bell. Jud. 

 Ant. Un. Hilt. vol. iii. Gen. Did- 



Agrippa, Marcus-Vtfpanms, was a perfon of obfcure 

 origin at Rome, educated with Otbavianus, afterwards Au- 

 guiius, diftinguiflied as his companion and friend, con- 

 fided as liis favourite general, in all the viciflltudcs of his 

 life, and kiuicuted by him at his death. Although his fa- 

 mily 



