A I Z 



A K A 



No traces of metal of any kind are difcoverable in this water. 



Tlie folid conttnts of Aix water are varioufly cftimatcd 

 as to quantity. From Bergman's analyfis, we may reckon 

 the following to appruximate pretty accurately to the 

 trutli. A win.' pint (Englifh weight and mcalure) contains 

 Of carbonated lime, four grains and three quarters. 

 Of common fait, five grains. 

 Oi caibonattd foda, twelve grains. 



The proportion of the gafcou5 contents has not been 

 afcertained with accuracy. 



Tlie above analyfu will explain the appearances which 

 take place with tiie common reajrents. 



Solutions of l.ad and filver, added to the hot frelh water, 

 produce a blackllh precipitate, compofed of the fulphurated 

 metal, butmixtdwilh the muriate; for.when the fame folutions 

 }re added to the cooled water, the precipitate is white. 



A piece of polilhcd lead, fulpended in the vapour of 

 the water, is foon blackejied, and in a few days corroded 

 tlu"oughout. 



Syrup of violets changes to a green, even after the car- 

 bonate of lime has precipitated by cooling, indicating 

 tliereby the prefence of an alkali in excels. 



The effcfts of this water, as a medicine, are very ftriking 

 and well eftabhihed. Its immediate operation, when drank 

 in a moderate quantity, is to raife the fpirits, and in lome 

 pcrfons to produce a (kgree of vertigo. This is the greater, 

 e.ctcris paribus, the hotter the water is. It afterwards 

 proves diuretic, encreafe.i pcrfpiration, and keeps the ilcin 

 in a foft, moiil Hate, highly favourable to the removal of 

 many diforders. 



The waters are reforted to for a great variety of com- 

 plaints, particularly in the complicated diforders of the 

 digellive and biliary organs, which follow a long li:ibit of 

 free living. They are alfo liighly ferviceable in difeafes 

 of the kidnies and bladder. 



Aken w-aters, like all the moft celebrated thermal 

 fprings, were long in high repute as baths, before phy- 

 ficians ventured to prclcribe them internally. The vail 

 profuiion of water which is tlirown up, the high tem- 

 perature which it poffefTes, Its ftroug impregnation with 

 aulphur in a very attive form, and its alkaline irgredient, 

 give it moft valuable properties for external ufes. It is 

 fmployed to ftimulate cold paralytic limbs ; and to foftcn 

 the rigidity of the joints and ligaments left by gout and 

 rlieumatifm. It is alfo of great fervice in cutaneous com- 

 plaints, to the cure of which, the fulphur and the alkali 

 probably biglily contribute. A long continued courfe of 

 this, (as of every other) fulphureous water, cauies the whole 

 body to acquire a fraell of fulphur, and tarnilhes filver kept 

 in the pockets. 



Thefe water* have been imitated artiHcially by paffing ful- 

 phurated hydrogen gas through a hot and ver\' weak alkaline 

 water, but the imitation is attended with much difficulty. 



See Blondel's Defcript. Therm. Aquifgranenfium — Lucas 

 on Mineral Waters — and Saundtrs's Treatife on Mineral 

 Waters, 1800. 



AIXO, or Aixos, flats or fhallows within the fecond 

 fort, at the entrance into Carthagena harbour, on the Sf>a- 

 nilh main. South America, which ftritc-'n out nearly fouth- 

 fouth-eaft, towards the main land within tlie iflands that lie 

 before the harbour. 



AIZENA-Y, a town of France, in the department of 

 Vendee, in tlie diftrift of La Roche fur Yonne ; ten leagues 

 fouth of Nantes. 



AIZOON, Asi ^uov, ffiiiper-iHvtim, or ever-living, in £0- 

 ■tany, a genus of the icofandria fentagynia clafs and order, of 

 the natural order <ji JucadaiU, and of the JicoiJea of Juffieu. 



6 



In Gmelin's Linnxus, it is a genus of the polyandria pcnitt' 

 J,' I'"''' clafs and order. Its characlers are, that the calyx is 3 

 one-leafed peiiantliinm, divided into five lanceolate, per- 

 manent fegments ; no corolla : the ftamina have ver)' many 

 capillary filaments, inierted by bunches into the finufes of 

 llie calyx, the anthers fnnpk ; the piftlllnm has a germ five- 

 coiaiered, fupcrior, the llyles five ar.d finiple, the fiigmas 

 finiple : the perieai-pium is a five-celled, five-valved, fwelling 

 and rctufe capfule ; the feeds are feveral, roundifli or kid- 

 ney-(haped. There are ten fpecies, vi%. i. A. canarienf; 

 ])urflane-leaved A. with leaves wedge-ovate, flowers feflile ; 

 the Jjcoides of NilTolius, and tali of Plukenet : a native 

 of the Canai-y iflands; annual; cultivated la 1 73 1. 2. A. 

 hifpaniaim, Spanifh A. with leaves lanceolate ; flowers fef- 

 file ; the JkotJca of Dilienius ; an annual plant, growing 

 naturally in Spain and Africa ; a variety of this v.'as brought 

 from the Cape, and cultivated in 1728. 3. A., laiiccolaluin, 

 panicled A. with leaves lanceolate, flowers paniclcd ; bien- 

 nial ; growing natui"ally at the Cape of Good Hope ; cul- 

 tivated in 1759. 4. h.. Jarmentojum, with leaves linear-fill- 

 form, panicle dichotomons, flowers folltary, peduncled ; 

 brought from the Cape by Sparrman. 5. A. paiiiculatum, 

 fhaggy, leaves lanceolate, flowers felTile, branches ere6l. 

 6. A. perfoUatum, downy, leaves inverfely-ovate, conjoined, 

 cryltalline-dotted-flowers, peduncled. 7. A. glinoides, hairy 

 A. ihaggy, herbaceous, procumbent, leaves ovate, flowers 

 felTile, diltindf. 8. A. fecundum, ibag-hoai")', herbaceous, 

 procumbent, leaves ovate, flowers iefiUe, imbricate, one- 

 ranked. 9. A.fruticofum, ihrubby A. fhrubby, ereft, fmooth, 

 leaves lanceolate, flowers feffile. 10. A. rigidum, iliff A. 

 flirubby, procumbent, downy, leaves ovate, flowers fcflTile, 

 remote. The fix latt ipecies were brought from the Cape 

 by Thunberg. The three firft fpecies may be raifed on mo- 

 derate hot-beds, in the fpring ; and the other fpecies mull 

 be managed like other Cape plants. 

 AizooN. See Sedum. 



AIZLT, in Geography, a town of Japan, and capital of 

 a fmall country of the fame name. 



AKABA, a gulf or arm of the Red-Sea, formed by a 

 tongue of land, which is part of Arabia, that feparates this 

 gulf from that of Suez ; about 30 leagues long and ^ wide. 



AKABAR, or Calaat el Akaba, atmvn of Arabia, 

 on the gulf to which it gives name ; 57 leagues fouth Jeru- 

 falem, and 53 leagues eaft Suez. 



AKACHAN, a river of Siberia, which joins the Judoma. 

 N. lat. 60° 8'. E. long. 139° 22'. 



AKALCALAKI, a town of Georgia, in Afiatlc 

 Turkey, about 70 miles fouth-we!l of Teflis, and 88 miles 

 north-weft of Erivan. 



AKALZIKA, orAcAL2iKE\ a town of Afiatic Tur- 

 key, in the province of Satabago, a country of Georgia. 

 See Acalzike\ 



AKAM, or AcAM, a country of A&ica, on the coaft 

 of Guinea, near the fource of the Volta. 



AKANIMIMA, a town or village of Africa, on the 

 Ivory coaft, near Cape Apollonia. It ftands on rifing 

 ground, and commands an extenfive fea and landprcfpedt. 

 AKANNL SeeAcHEM-. 



AKANSA, a town of North America, in South Ca- 

 rolina, fituate on the river Miffiffippi, near a river of the 

 fame name. N. lat. 36°. W. long. 89° 46'. 



AKAOT, a town of Hindoftan, in the diftricl of Berar. 

 N. lat. ii" 13'. E. long. 77" 3S'. 



AKARA, in Butane, a fpecies of Calophyllum. 

 AKAS, in Geography,.^ fmall town of Tn n'ylvania, be- 

 tween the river Cnrafna and a branch of that river, not far 

 from Zatmar,. 



AKASAKI, 



