ALA 



ALA 



complimented .by faying, that he fings like a calandre. It 

 can, hke the common l;irk, imitate ihc notes of fevcnil birds, 

 and even the chii-ping of cliickcns and the h)vc-fiiuall of tiie 

 (hc-eat. When ealandies are to be caged, in order to liave 

 ^ood fingers, they fliould be taken from tlie nell before the 

 liril moult, and thofe are to be prefencd wh'ch are hatehed 

 in A;:guil. Their food fliouhi he pallc mixed with fliecp's 

 heart, together witli feeds and crumbs of bread ; and nibbifii 

 (hould be hild in the cage for wlietting their bill, and land 

 for them to welter in when ttazed with vennin. Their 

 wings fliould at firft be pinioni-d, and inllead of the top of 

 the eage, a canvas (hould be fubllituted. When they are 

 reconciled to their fitnation, they will ling inceffantly, and 

 even neglect their food to repeat their warble. The male is 

 larger and blacker round the neck than the female, which 

 has only a veiy narrow collar. The calandrc nellies on the 

 ground, like the common lark, under a grady tuft, and lays 

 lour or five eggs. It is found in Italy, .Sardinia, Provence 

 Jn l'"i%iiice, the Pyrenees, Syiia, near Aleppo, the fouthern 

 part of Raffia, the deferts of Tartaiy, and even America 

 whither it might have been driven by the winds acrofs the 

 Atlantic, alid there thrive and become naturalized. Adan- 

 fon regards the calandre as intermediate between the fl<y- 

 lark and tlie thruih ; but this is an analogy which mull be 

 rellriclcd to the plumage and external fomi, for the habits 

 of this bird and the thrufli are vti"y different. 



10. A. clpejh'is, A. I'irglniana of BrKTon, haiijfe-col iwir 

 of Buffon, /ari, with a yelloiu throat of Catefby, ^nAJhore- 

 iark of Pennant, Latham, &c. has thefe fpecific charaders ; 

 the tail-quills are half white en the infide, the throat is 

 yellow, the ftripe und,;r the eyes, and on its breaft, is black. 

 Its length is fix and an half inches, and in bulk and habit it 

 refembles the common lark. It inhabits North America, 

 Siberia, R.uilia and Poland ; migrates in flocks, feeds on 

 oats and other grains and grades ; lives upon the ground ; 

 has little or no fong, and its flefh is delicious. 



1 1. A. magna, mcnila omcr'icana torqiiata ofBrifTon, la fer-a- 

 cheval ou mtrls a collier d' amcrique of Buffon, large lark of 

 Catefby, and crefcer.t Jlare of Peiihant and Latham, is cha- 

 racterifed by Linnxus as having the undtr-fide of the body 

 yellow, a black curved band on the breail;, and the three 

 lateral quills of the tail white. Above, fays Latham, it is 

 variegated with rufty brown and blackidi, below yellow, with 

 a black curved ftripe on the breaft, and the three lateral 

 quills of the tail white. Its length is 1 1 inches. It is found 

 not only in Virginia and Carolina, but in almoft the whole 

 Continent of America ; and Linnseus afferts that it occurs 

 alfo in Africa. In the iUte of New York it appears in the 

 beginning of April, breeds in June, and retires in September 

 or October. It neftles on the ground, and its eggs are 

 whitifli. It lives in Savannas, perches on the tops of buflies, 

 has a brilli motion upwards and downwards of its tail, cats 

 fcarcely any thing but the fmall feeds that are found on 

 the ground, fuch as thofe of the yellow flowered orniiho- 

 galum ; fiiigs agreeably in the fpring ; and is reckoned good 

 food. 



12. A. viiiior, hjfcr full larlt of Willughby, feld lark 

 of Latham, is of a reddilh brown colour, and the two outer 

 quills of the tail are exlenially white. The throat is yellow ; 

 the breaft alfo yellow, marked with large black fpots ; the 

 belly and vent feathers white ; the coverts of the wings 

 dulky, edged with white ; and the legs of a very pale brown. 

 It is larger than the tit-lark, but diftinguilhed from it by 

 tlie very fliort claw on the hind toe. 



13. A. Jlalica, g-arola of Ray and Willughbv, girole 

 «f BufLn, and Italian lark of Latham, has the middle quills 



of the tail bay, the laft but one white at the tip, the two 

 outermoit entirely white. Its lize is that of the fi<y-lak, 

 and it has a long nail projefting from each foot. Its head, 

 neck, back, and wings are of a mottled colour, rcleir.bliji;^ 

 that of the quail. 1'he general colour of the feathers is a 

 chefnut brown, and their edges are yariegated with white, 

 yellow and red; the back pait of its head has a fort of 

 crown or ring of white feathers ; its belly is white ; its bill 

 red ; and the corners of the mouth yellow, and its tail is fo 

 fliort, that it teems to have none ; it is bifid, however, and 

 elegantly variegated with chefnut-colour and -white. 'I'he 

 feet are flcfh-coloured and the nails whitifli. It is eight 

 inches long, and inhabits Italy. 



14. A. liido-oiciana, farloiizanne of Buffon, and Louijiana 

 lark of Latham, refembles tlie tit-lark. Its fpecific cha- 

 rafters are, that the laft quills but one of the tail are tipt 

 with white ; the outermoft arc partly brown, 'partly white. 

 Its length is feven inches. It is found in Louijiana. 



15. A. ruhi-a, A. Peiifyhanicn of Brilfcn, alouctte aiix 

 Jones brunes de Penfd-vanie of Buffon, and redlark of Pen. 



nant and Latham, is of a brown colour, and has the fpace 

 about its eyes black, and the two outennoft quills of the 

 tail white. It is about the lize cf the mcadov,-lark. Its 

 bill, feet, and nails are of a deep brown colour ; its neck, 

 breaft, and undcipavt of the body, of a reddifh fulvous 

 colour, fpeckled with brown ; and the brown fpot that fur- 

 rounds the eyes defcends on the cheeks and is bounded by 

 a zone, partly white and partly bright fulvous. This is a 

 migratoiy bird, common to both continents. It appears in 

 Penfylvania in the month of March, and advances north- 

 ward at the end of May ; and it was feen by Mr. Edwards 

 in the vicinity of London. He remarks, that when the 

 wing is gathered up, the third primary feather reaches to 

 the tip of the iirft. 



16. A. mofellana, la ronjfeline of Buffon, and marjlj-lark 

 of Latham, is rufous, below rufous white ; its cheeks and 

 breaft are marked with brov,-n lines ; its tail is black -with a 

 nifous margin. Its length is fix and one-fourth inches. 

 The bill, feet and nails are yellowifh. It haunts wet 

 fituations, frequents the fandy margin of the Mofelle, and 

 fometinics breeds on its banks, near Metz, where it appears 

 annually in Oclober, and fome few are caught. It begins 

 its fong at dawn, which is faid to be very pleafant, 



1 7. A. malalarica, Malalar lark of Latham, has the 

 primary and fecondary wing-feathers and the tail, of a fordid 

 brown colour, tawny at their margin. The bill is black, 

 the feathers that form the creft on the head are brown, and 

 their apex white ; thofe on the neck are tawny with a black 

 longitudinal ftreak paffing along the middle ; the throat and 

 abdomen reddifh white ; the feathers of the back and the 

 coverts of the wings brown, towards their edge tawny, and 

 marked with a white fpot, and the feet are tawnv. This 

 is a beautiful fpecies and found in Malabar. 



18. A. gingica, Gingi lark of Latham, has the upper part 

 of the body cinereous brown, its under fide black. The 

 hill and feet are reddifli grey. Its length is four and one- 

 half inches, and it is found in Coromandel. 



19. A. tartarica, A. jiigra of Falek, and ilaek lark of 

 Latham, has a fubbifurcated tail, the two intermediate 

 quills of the tail flightly white at their limb, the next 

 whitifli at the apex, and the lateral very black. This bird 

 inhabits the very dry fait dcfarts between the rivers Volga 

 and Ural, the Cafpian deferts, and the whole fouthern defert 

 of Tartary ; it is gregarious in winter, fohtary in fummer, . 

 and has fcarcely any fong. 



20. A. mutabiUs, mutable lark of Latham, has a blacki 



forked 



