ALA 



grafs, under a fmall hath, and was formed of dry grafs, 

 marine plants, and dr)- mofs externally, and lined with finer 

 gnifs and a few long hairs. The ej^gs were of a diity 

 white, fprinkled with nninerons fpccks of brown. Tlie 

 lengtli of the bird was lix and three-fonith inches. Mr. 

 M. has lately obferved this bird on the coall of Kent and 

 Siiifex. Tranfaft. of Linnxan Society, vol. iv. p. 41 — 4;?. 

 Gmelin'sLinnxus'sSyll. Nat. torn. i. p. 71JI — 801. ijuffon's 

 Birds, vol. V. p. 1 — ~-j. 



ALAUNA, in Aiici.'nl Geo^rapht, a town of Britain, 

 belonging to the Dnmn'ii, fitiiated, according to H(nncy, 

 near Falkirk, upon the Roman wall, at a place calltd Ca- 

 melon, where are lliil fome vtlliges of a Roman town ; but 

 Baxter maintains, that it was where Stirling now ftands. 

 Alanna was alfo a town of Gaul, placed by M. d'An- 

 ville among the UnM., north of Coflcdia, and well of 

 Crociatonnm. 



AI.AUNl, a people placed bv Ptolemy in Noricum, 

 and alio in European Sarmatia ; probably the fame with 

 the Alan't. 



ALAUNIUM, a town of Gaul, placed by M. d'An- 

 ville in the mountains between Sagullero to the north-eaft, 

 and Apta-Julia to the fouth-eaft. 



ALAUNUS, a river of Britain, which Horfley fup- 

 pofcs to be the Tweed, but Camden and Baxter think 

 it is tiie river AIne, in Northumberland ; and their conjec- 

 ture is favoured by the affinity of the names. 



Alaunus wonr, a name given by the ancient geographers 

 to the Valday mountains of Ruffia. 



ALAUSA, or Alosa, in Ichthyology, a fpecies of clu- 

 piA. See Shad. 



ALAUSI, or Atuasi, in Geography, a town of South 

 America, in the junfdiftion of Cuen^a, in Terra Firma. 



AI^AUT, or Alt, a river of Turkey in Europe, which 

 riles in the mountains that feparate Moldavia from Tran- 

 iylvania, and runs into the Danube near Nicopolis, in Bul- 

 garia. 



A LAY, denoting, in the Turkish language, " the tri- 

 umph," in Modern H'ljlory, a ceremony which accompanies 

 the aifembling of the forces of the Turks upon the break- 

 ing out of a war. It is defcribed by Baron Tott, in his 

 memoirs, as a kind of mafquerade, in which perfons of 

 the feveral trades and manufadrtnres prefent to the fpec- 

 tators the implements and exercife of their refpcftive occu- 

 pations. The labourer draws his plough, the weaver 

 handles his fiiuitle, the joiner his plane ; and thefe perfons 

 are feated in cars, richly ornamented, and commence the 

 proceffion ; then follows the flandard of Mahomet, which 

 is brought out of the fcraglio, and carried to the army, 

 in order to enfiire viftory to the Ottoman troops. An 

 tmir precedes this banner, proclaiming with a loud voice ; 

 " Let no inlidel dare to profane with his prefence the holy 

 flandard of the prophet ; a[id let eveiy muifidman who 

 perceives an unbeliever, make it known, under pain of 

 reprobation." From this moment, a religious fury feizes 

 the people, and impels them to commit afts of the moft 

 (hocking barbarity. No regard is paid to fex or age, and 

 many fall facrilices on the occafion. 



ALAYA Cape, in Geography, the callern extremity of 

 Venezuela, or Little Venice, which extends tc and from 

 the entrance of the gulf of that name, 130 leagues. 



ALAYMO, Marc Anthonv, m Biography, a Sicilian 

 by birth: in the year 1610, being then only 20 years of 

 age, was made dotlor in medicine. He then went to Pa- 

 lermo, where he was particulariy celebrated for his fuccefs 

 in treating the plague, which raged in that city, in the 

 yertr 1623. He died 16C2, aged 72 years, and was buried 



ALB. 



in tlie church of St. Maiy of the Agoiiifers. In what 

 elliir.alion he was heUl by his fellow-citi/enii may be judged 

 bv the following lines, part of the infcription on his mo- 

 luunent. 



" En h.umi lleniitur, 



Qui ab humo ipfc totam Sicilian! dira feviente 



pelle hbcravit." 



He left feveral works, part in mani'.fevipt, the following 

 were printed : Difcorfo intorno alia prefcrvatione del niorbo 

 contagiofo e mortalc, die regna al preicnte in Palermo, 

 &c. 1625. 4to. Confullatio pro ulceris Syriaci nunc va- 

 gantis curatione, I'anormi, 1632, 410. Dialeclicon live de 

 i'uccedaneis medicamentis, 1637. 4to.; Configli niedico- 

 politici, &c. della pefla. 1652. 4to. 



ALAZEIA, in Ceogrnphy, a river of Siberia, which runs 

 into the Fro/en Ocean. N. lat. 72° 40'. E. long. 142'-" 14'. 



ALAZEISKOI, a fcltknient in Siberia, on the rixer 

 Alazeia, 30 leagues well-north-wcll of Niiuci Kovin(lioi» 

 N. lat. 69'^ 40'. E. long. 144° 14'. 



ALAZIA, in yhicierit Geography, a town of Afia, fitu- 

 ate on the river Rymus, which pulfed through Mygdonia. 

 Strabo. Geog. tom. ii. p. 828. 



ALAZONES, a people of Afia, mentioned by Strabo, 

 Stephanus Byz. &c. whofe origin and hillory are unknown. 

 They were reckoned antung the Scythians, who dwelt ou 

 the borders of the Euxine lea, and Alazia was probably 

 their capital. Apollo was the objeA of their worlhip. 



ALAZONIUS, a river of Aha, which defcended from 

 mount Caucafus, and ran into the Cyrus ; but Pliny fays, 

 that this river feparated the Iberians from the Albanians, 

 and was therefore more to the weft. Strabo. tom. ii. p. 

 764. 



ALB. See Asper. 



Alb, in Geography, a river of Germany, which rifes 

 three miles well-north-well of Wildbad, in the circle of 

 Suabia, and runs into the Rhine, about live miles well- 

 north-well of Durlach. 



ALBA, a city of Italy, in the duchy of Montfeirat, 

 fituate on the river Tanaro ; the fee of a bifliop, who is 

 fuffragan to the archbifhop of Milan, and whofe diocefe is 

 of confiderable extent. Befides the cathedral, it has three 

 parochial and three other churches, with feveral convents. 

 It is 18 miles fuuth-eafl of Turin. N. lat. 44° 40'. E. 

 long. 7° 51'. 



Alba, in Ancient Geography, a city of Dacia, which 

 fome fuppofe to have been the fite of the prefent Biel- 



GOROD. 



Alba, a town of Spain, in the counti-y of the Bafti- 

 tani, fouth-eaft of Bafti. 



Alea, now Elvas, a city of Lufitania. 



Alka, a river of Gaul, now Aule. 



Alba Firma, or Album, in Ant'tqti'ity, was a yearly 

 rent, payable to the chief lord of a hundred ; fo called, 

 becaufe it was paid in white money, or filver, and not in 

 corn, which was called black mail. 



Alba Fucenjls, now Albi, in jlncieat Geography, a 

 tov.-n of Italy, to the north-weft of the Licus Fuciiius, in 

 the country of the Marfi. It was denominated Fucenjis, m 

 order to diftinguiili it from other Italian cities of the fame 

 name, and particularly from A/ta htiga. The inhabitants 

 were denominated Albcnfes. Silius ItiJicus (Pur.ic. lib. viii. 

 V. 508.) refers to it : 



" Interiorqiie per udos 



Alba fedet campos, poniifqne reptnalt ariftas." 



This tewn was fituated in the centre of Italy, amidll 



mountainQua 



