ALB 



ALB 



moviiitninous paiTcs, and fccluded from all menus of cfcape ; 

 and it was tnertfoie cliofcn for tlic ilalt-prifon, to « liich 

 the Romans confijyned captive princes, after liaviiig har- 

 baroiidy drajjged them through the llrotts of Roiik', at 

 the cliariot-wheels of a triumpliant conful. Here Perfes, 

 king of Muced(/i, and his fon Alexander, terminated their 

 career, after tlie triumph of Paulus iF.miliiis. Sypliax, 

 the Numidian, and Bitiiinus, king of the Averiii, were 

 alfo condemned to this gaol, by the paiticvdar clemency 

 r>{ the fenate, which fometiraes indulged its favnge difpo- 

 fition, by putting its captives to death. Tlic natural i'ecu- 

 rity of this place was augmented by artificial fortifications ; 

 tilt' ruins of which prove, at this day, their ancient fo- 

 lidily. For tiie entertainment of the garrifon, wliieh was 

 reipiired in a place of fucli importance, an amphitheatre 

 was erefied, the (liattercd remains of which are llill vi- 

 fible, as well as the foundations of a temj)le, and other 

 buildings, of Roman times. Lucius Vitclliiis, brother of 

 the emperor of the fame name, had a villa near this place, 

 famous for the variety and e>:celkncc of its fruit-trees, 

 which he brought from Syria. His gardens were the 

 luirferies, wher<; feveral of the moft delicious (lone-fruits 

 that are now fo common in EiU'ope, were fird cultivated 

 ■and multiplied. Againll the fcverity of this climate, in 

 which the adjoining lake is frequently fro/en over, it was 

 iicceflary to flieltcr the trees tranfplanted from Afia, and to 

 treat them with peculiar attention, in order tv rear them to 

 perfeftion. Swinburne's Travels, vol, iv. p. ^()~. 



Al.BA Hih'icnim, or Albaugufta, /'. e. Alhu Aii^njla, a 

 town of Gaul, in the provhuia Narboiieiijts, was the ca- 

 pital of the Helvii, and fituated at a fmall dittance from 

 "the Riione. Hence the Helvii were denominated yllbetijls. 

 "This town was afterwards called Vivarium, and it is now 

 J'iviers. 



ALBA yiilia, now WcUfemhirg, a town of Tranfylva- 

 nia, on the viver Maurufius or Marifeh, fuppofed to be 

 called Alia ytilla, after Julia Domna, the wife of Severus, 

 and mother of Caraealla. There are feveral infcriptions, 

 however, near this place, which bear Col. Apul. i. e. 

 c'jionia Apuletifis, without the Icall mention of Alb,i yulia, 

 though they were infcribed after the time of Caraealla. 

 Bcfides, ITipian, reciting the colonies of Dacia, calls this 

 colony Apuletifis, and neither AUia nor yu/iit. From thefe 

 circumllances it has been inferred, that y//ia y^lici is a cor- 

 ruption of Aptilum. It was alfo called Apiilum Aii'^ujlum. 

 Cellarius, tom. i. p. 381. 



Alba Lott^n, a city of Italy in Latium, fouth-eaft of 

 Rome, founded by Afcanius, the fon of ^/tneas, and a co- 

 lony from Lavinium, at the foot of mount Albanus, ac- 

 cording to Blair's Chronology, in the year I 1 5 2 before 

 Chrift, or VJ9 years before the foundation of Rome ; and 

 fi leOted by liim as the place of his refidence, and the capi- 

 tal uf his kingdom. It was called Alhit, we are told, from 

 a white fow found by jEneas, which furrowed 30 pigs on 

 that Ipot, and which afiorded an omen, that a city would 

 be built there within 30 years. See Varro, R. R. (1. xi. 

 c. iv.) Aurelius Vitlor de orig. Rom. gentis, and Propertius, 

 lib. iv. eleg. i. ver. xxxv. 



" Et ftetit Alba potens, albre fuis omine nata." 



The epithet loiiga, was added to diftinguilli it from the 

 A!hn of the Marfi, or to exprefs its lengtli, as it was ex- 

 tended along the lake near which it was built. Its fituation 

 V. as at an e<jual dilhmce between the lake and the mountain ; 

 probably between the prcfent city of Albaiio and the lake 

 61 Cailcl Gandulfo, and peopled by a n.ixcd colony ol 



Latins and Trojana. The inhabitants of this city were 

 called Alliaiii. It was 30 years after Lavinium was built, 

 liiat Afcanius fixed his abode at Alba ; and tlicre he died, 

 after a rtign of about 38 years, i2 of which he palTtd at 

 his new fetilcment. Upon the death of Afcanius, the Latins 

 refolved to unite Alba and Lavinium ii.to one lovereignty, 

 under Sylvius ; and Sylvius was fucceeded by 13 kings ot 

 the fame i-ace, who, for near 400 years, reigned at Alba. 

 Procas, one of them, bequeatiied the throne to iiis tided 

 foil Numitor; but he was difpolTjlTed of the kingdom by 

 his brother Amulius, who, in order tlie more efleciually to 

 fecure liimfelf, killed the fon of Nuinilor, and coiifecratcd 

 his daughter, Rhea Svlvia, to the wwrlhip of Vella. Rhea, 

 however, was delivered of tiic twins, Ronuilus and Remus ; 

 who, after having been refcucd from the Tiber, into wliich 

 they were tiirown by order of Amulius, were fuckleil by 

 Acca I.aurentia, the wife of Faulhilus, and educated by 

 the Oabii, under the dircttion and order of Fauftulus. Upon 

 a quarrel l)etweeii the herdiinen of Amulius and thole of 

 Kumitor, the two brothers took part with the former againit 

 the latter ; and, in confequence of the frav that was thus 

 occafioned, Remus was cairied before Numitor to receive 

 punilhmeiit. When he was quelHoned concerning his birth 

 and parentage, his reply excited, in the mind of Numitor, a 

 lively remembrance of his two grandfons, and his anger 

 was changed into tendernefs. The two brothers concurred at 

 leiigtli in dethroning Amulius, and relloring their grand- 

 father Numitor to the throne. They then, by the advice 

 cf Numitor, undertook to found a new colony on the lands 

 near the Tiber, where they had been taken up, and which 

 he granted them for this purpufe. Romulus and Remus 

 diftered concerning the prccile fpot where the new city was 

 to be erected ; the latter declaring for the Aventine, and 

 the former for the Palatine mount. Remus, as it is faid, 

 fell in the contell that was then occafioncd, and Romulus 

 prevailed, and laid the foundations of the new city, whicii 

 was called Rome, after his name. Rome, in a little while, 

 became the rival of Alba ; and foon after the acceflion of 

 Tullus Hollilius to the throne, a difpute arofe between the 

 Albani and the Romans, and preparations were made for 

 wat. In an interview that occurred bctwciu Tullus and 

 Fuffetius, or, as others call him, Suffeliu'^, the Alban gene- 

 ral Tullus, propofed to determine the dUputc by a fuigle 

 combat between himfelf and Fuffetius, which the latter 

 declined. It was at length agreed, t'-at three champions 

 fliould be felccled out of each camp to decide the difference. 

 Tlie champions, on the part of Ror.c, were the Horatii ; 

 and on that of Alba, the Curatii. Rome ultimately gained 

 the viftory over Alba, her mother-city. When Tullui 

 afterwards made war upon the Veientes, Fuffetius joined 

 him with the Alban troops, but afterwards proved treache- 

 rous and defcrtcd him. This treachery being known, Tullus 

 detached Horatius, who had conquered the three Albans, 

 with a chofen body of horfe and foot, to demolifh Alba, as 

 he liad prcvioufly concerted the bufinefs with the fenate. 

 Fuffetius was ordered to be fallened to two chariots drawn 

 by horfcs, and to be torn afundcr : his accomplices were put 

 to the fword ; but the reft of the Alban foldiers were car- 

 ried to Rome with the citizens, and the chief men among 

 them were even admitted into the Roman ieiiate. Thus 

 fell, A. U. C. 89, ante Chrift. 665, the city of Alba, fa- 

 mous for its riches, the number of its inhabitants, and, 

 above all, for being the mother of Rome. The temple only, 

 fays Strabo, was prcferved. Dion. Hal. lib. i. p. 52. lib.iii. 

 p. 152 — 165. tom. i. Ed. Oxon. I.ivy, lib. i. c. 3 — 7, 

 c. 24 — 25. tom. i. p. 22 — 3S. p. iisi — 124. Ed. Drakenb. 

 3U 2 Plut. 



