ALB 



but his figures of the other fcx were iifually lean and 

 without mi'.fculint beauty, except in fome of his licads. In 

 his drawings he was fometinics hafty and incorrcft. His 

 piiftures of tlie four elements in the palace of the king of 

 Sardinia, at Turin, are of an extraordinary beauty, and well 

 preferved ; the defign is excellent, the drapei-ies perfectly 

 elegant, the colouring lovely, and the whole very corrcit. 

 His other principal works are at Rome and Bologna ; but 

 as he was cxtreiTiely indullrious, and tlie produftions of his 

 pencil were highly elleemed, his cabinet piftufes arc found 

 in all coniidtrable colledtions. As an engraver, he made one 

 fniall folio etching of Dido killing herfelf, in which he did 

 not fucceed ; and in this art he did not add to the charafter 

 which liis other works have eftabliihed. He was fond of 

 Italian poetiy, and lamented that his early education had 

 not enabled him to read the originals of the Latin poets. 

 In private life he was modell:, affable, unalfefted, attached 

 to his family, pleafant in converfation, condefcending to his 

 pupils, whole works he occafionally retouched and im- 

 proved. His life and faculties were continued to old age ; 

 and he died at Bologna, in 1660, aged 82 years. Pilkii.g- 

 ton and Strutc. Gen. Did. 



Aldan I, Giovanvi Battista, was the brother and 

 difeiple of the former, and became an admirable painter in 

 the ilyle, manner, and colouring of his brother. He ex- 

 celled in landfcape, which he defigned in an exquifite tafte, 

 touching the trees witli great fpirit, and giving them a 

 peculiar fweetnefs of colour. He died in 1668. Pilkington. 



Ai-BANi, John Jerom, was born at Bergamo, of a noble 

 family, and devoted liimfelf to the ftudy of the civil and 

 canon law. By the zeal with which he profecuted fome of 

 his own relations in the Inquifition, he recommended himfclf 

 to Cardinal Alexandrinus, the inquifitor, who, upon his 

 being advanced to the papal fee, imder the name of Pius V. 

 conferred upon Albani a cardinal's hat. He died in 1591. 

 His works were a treatife " De immunitate Ecclefiarum ;" 

 publifhed in 1553 : another, " De poteftate Pap'.E et Con- 

 cilii," printed at Venice, in 1561 ; and a third, " De Car- 

 dinalibus, &c." Nouv. Did. Hill. 



Albani, in Hijlory, the inhabitants of Albania, in 

 Alia, who are faid by fome writers to have derived their 

 name from their fair complexion. Ptolemy mentions a peo- 

 ple of this denomination on the confines of Macedonia. 



ALBANIA, in Ancient Geography, a country of Afia, was 

 bounded on the weft by Iberia, on the call by the Cafpian 

 fea, on the north by mount Caucafus, and on the fouth by 

 Armenia. The cities which it contained, and mentioned 

 by Strabo, Ptolemy, and Pliny, were Teleba, Thalbis, 

 Gelda, Thiauna, Thabilaca, Albana, Chadaca, Mifia, Bo- 

 ziata, and Cabahea, which laft Pliny calls the metropolis of 

 Albania. Its chief rivers were Cyrus, now Kur, Albanus, 

 Cafuis, Gerrhus, Soana, Cambyfes, and Alazon, all of 

 which difchargcd themfelves into the Cafpian fea. The 

 whole country, now known by the names of Schirwan and 

 Eaft Georgia, is extremely fertile and pleafant. Strabo 

 (torn. ii. p. 767.) defcribes the inhabitants as tall, robuft, 

 and graceful in their perfons, excelling thofe of other na- 

 tions in comehnefs as well as in llature, and as very fimple in 

 their manners. He adds, that they were unacquainted «ith 

 weights and meafures, and the ufe of money ; that they 

 could not coiuit above one hundred, and that they can-ied 

 on trade by exchange. They chiefly devoted themfelves to 

 pailurage, and had fome refcmblance of the wandering 

 tribes ; they were not altogether unacquainted with the ait 

 of war, nor unufed to the praftiee of it ; their common 

 weapons were bows and arrov.-s ; they defended themfelves 

 with ftiields, and bore on their heads helmets made of the 



ALB 



Il<ins of wild beafls. They excelled In hunting;, and were 

 famous for the dogs \\liich tliey reared for tlr's purpofe. 

 They refpefled age, both in tlieir parents and others; they 

 thought it wrong to take any notice of the dead ; they 

 buried their money with them, and lived in poverty, as 

 they had thus no patrimony. They worfliipped, as gods, 

 the fun, Jupiter, ;.nd the moon ; and tiic priell was next in 

 honour to the king. Pliny (H.N. torn. i. p. 371.) fays, 

 that they were of a white coinpUxion, and that they could 

 fee by night as well as by day. Tacitus (lib. v.) and Pliny 

 (tom. i. p. 31 I.) trace their origin to the Theffalians, who 

 attended Jafon in his expedition to Colchis, and fettled iit 

 this part of the illhmus, between the Euxine and Cafpian 

 feas. According to Jnftin (lib. xiii.), they were dtfccnded 

 from the inhabitants of Alba in Italy ; and Ammiamis 

 Marcellinus derives them from the Malfagetx. Albania was 

 anciently divided into feveral fmall kingdoms ; and Strabo 

 [nli Jujjra) fays, that the country had 26 dilferent languages, 

 and as many kings and kingdoms as languages. But the 

 Albani, in procels of time, overcame the other petty 

 princes, and made themfelves mailers of the whole country. 

 In the time of Pompey, as we learn from Strabo, they 

 could bring into the field 6c,CC0 foot and 2C,C00 horfe. 

 Of their kings we have no account, before the reign of 

 Alexander the Great, to whom the king of Albania is 

 faid, by Pliny (tom. i. p. 465.), to have prefented a dog 

 of extraordinary fize and fwiftnefs. The next king, men- 

 tioned in hilloiy and named Ortefes, was defeated by Pom- 

 pey, and obliged to retire to mount Caucafus. Another 

 king of Albania, named Pharafmenes, committed great 

 devallations in Armenia, Cappadoeia, :uid Media, in the 

 time of Adrian, and was fummoned by the emperor to • 

 Rome. Inftead of attending, he fent a number of fueh 

 great coats as were then worn, made of cloth of gold, in 

 Vi'hich the emperor, as an infult to the king, ordered 300 

 criminals to be clad, and in that attire to fight the v.ild 

 bcalls in the public theatre. Upon Adrian's death, the 

 Albanian king attended the fummons of Antoninus Pius, 

 who received him with relpecl and dlfmiired him with prc- 

 feuts. Two other kings are mentioned ; one the contem- 

 poraiy of Valerian, and the other of Conllantius the' Ion of 

 Conftantine the Great. The Albanians continued to be 

 govenied by their own princes till the reign of Jnilinian II. 

 who is faid by Zonaras and other writers to have fubdued 

 Albania by his general Leontius. Anc. Univ. Hift. vol. ix. 

 p. 122 — 126. 



Albania, a city of Afia in Affyria, was fituated to 

 the eaft of the river Titana. 



Albania, in Mnikrn Geography, fometimcs called y^r;;/?;//, 

 a province of Turkey in Europe, comprehending the ancient 

 Illyricum, and Epirus, fituate in the Adriatic, and bounded on 

 the north by Dalmatia and Servia, on the call by Macedonia 

 and Theftaly, on the fouth by Livadia, and on the weft by the 

 Adriatic. Its length is about 80 leagues, and its breadth 

 about 20. Its capital was formerly Albanopoli ; but it is now 

 Durazzo. The other principal towns are Scutari, Dul- 

 cigno, Antivari, Croya, Aleffo, Velona, Dataro, Dibra, 

 &c. The moll remarkable river is Delichi, formerly 

 Acheron ; amongft the lakes we may reckon Scutari, and 

 to the clafs of mountains we may refer the Acroceia- 

 unian, or mountains of Chimxra. The foil of this jiro- 

 vince is fertile, and produces excellent wine. Its manufac- 

 ture is chiefly cai-pets. Its inhabitants are robuft and 

 courageous, and make good foldiers, efpecially cavalr)'. In 

 the Turkilh army, they are diftinguifttcd by the name of 

 arnauts. The religion of Albania is that of the Greek 

 church. This province was annexed to the Ottoman cm- 

 7 pirfj 



