ALB 



wa* educated at Pavia, aiitl in 1256 lie was inKde doftor 

 in mtditiiie at Paris ; where haviiijj heard fatlitr Jourdain, 

 tJle Dominican, prtiicli, lie w;i» iiidiictd to lake the liabit ; 

 and on the death of Joiirdam, w.i» mailc \icar-Ktiiei-al, then 

 prvivincial of that order. He taujrlit philufiij>hy, i>u-d:c:ne 

 a.id thcolog^) , a: (.\>!ogiic, and at Parix, to nui'.ieious au- 

 ditories. At Coiogr.e St. Thomas Aoiiiiiat was his pupil. 

 In 1260, he wan made bilhop of Ratilhoii ; b.it at the cud 

 of three years he refijrntd that dij^iiity, ai.d retired to 

 Cologne. ' From hence he went to Germany and Bohemia, 

 to prtaeh the crufadc; and in 1^-4, he attended the council 

 of Lyons. Allowing for this occafioiial ablencc, lie con- 

 tinued to inftrucl the religious of his order in this city, 

 till the 15th of Novend)er liSc, t!ie time of his death. 

 His work*, which were very vohmiinous, were coUeded by 

 father Jamini, a Dominican of CJri noble, and [jiibhflitd at 

 l.yo.;s in 11)15, '" ^' volumes in folio; but many of them 

 are fuppofed to be fpurious. Tlic treat ife " l)e Iccivtis Mu- 

 lierum, item de \irtiitihuB herbariim, lapidnm, ct aiiima- 

 li'.im," publidicd under his name, was. written by Henry of 

 Kaxony, one of his pupils. He was undoubtedly the 

 author of feveral works on the mathematical fclenccs ; as 

 arithmetic, geometry, pcrfptCtive or optics, mnfic, allro- 

 logy and aSroi.-my ; under the titles, — " De Hplixra, de 

 Ailris, de Altro.nomia, item fpccuhira Ailronomicum." 

 As he was a man of genius and knowledge fupcnor to liis 

 contemporaries, and particularly devoted to mathematical 

 difquiJitions, he was charged, according to the cant of the 

 times, with bcmg a magician. He is faid to have con- 

 trived a kii'.d of androides, or machine in the human form, 

 which he had brought to fuch pcrfci^lion, that it could 

 fpeak : and of this machine many tales are related, but 

 they are not worth recording. It ia not at all incredi- 

 ble, that by his knowledge of mechanics and acouflics, he 

 might have conftrucled a machine, which, by-, means of 

 the air and certain fpri'igs, produced founds, refcmbling 

 thofe of the human voice ; and that he might apply his 

 knu>vli-dge in chcmillry to the production of artificial llowers 

 and fruits. Some have, without foundation, afcribcd to 

 Albert the invention of tire-arms. The chief objett of 

 kis invciligation, was probably the philofopher's ftonc, as 

 thW was the " i^iiis fnluus'' of the age. (jeu. Ditt. Hur- 

 ton's Dicl. Dupiii cent. xiii. Bruck.er"s HilV. Philof. by 

 Lnfield. vol. ii. p. 37I-372. 



Ai.*KRT of Aix, or Albprtus Aquenfts, was a canon 

 tf Aix-la-Chapclle, in the 1 2lh century, who travelled 

 into the Holy Land, and wrote in I^atin, " A Hillory of 

 the Expedition to Jerufalem, under Godfrey of Boulogne, 

 and other Leaders." This hilloi-y comprehends a period 

 of 24 years, terminating in II2C, and is eilcemcd accurate. 

 It was printed by Relneccius, in 15S4. Cave. H. L. torn, 

 ii. p. 206. 



Albert, Erasmus, a German divine of the i6th 

 century, was born at Frankfort : from a book entitled, 

 •' The Harmony between Jcfus Chrill and St. Fran- 

 cis ;" and highly valued by the Francifcans, he col- 

 Icftcd many abfnrditics in a book which he entitled — 

 " The Alcoran of the Cordeliers." To this book Luther, 

 cf whom Albert was a difciplc, prefixed a preface, and it has 

 paffed through a great number of editions. The author wrote 

 other works in Latin and German, and died in 155 I. 



Albert, KRA>iTz, an hiftorical writer, was profcffor of 

 divinity at Hamburgh, in the beginning of the i6th cen- 

 tury. His works are — " Metropolis ;" or, A Hillory of 

 tti^ Churches eftablilhed or reftorcd in the reign of Char^ 

 lfir.agne ;" — " A Hillory of Saxony ;" — " A Hiftory of 

 the Vaadals ;" and. " A Clu-oniclc of Uie Affairs of the 



A 1- B 



North, from the time of Charlemagne to the year 1 504. ■' 

 He died in 1517. He is f.iid to have collected facts with 

 diligence, and to have related them with fid lity and free- 

 dom. Voir, de Kill. Lat. Cave. H. L. torn. ii. p. 243. 



Ai.HRRT of Sl»iie, a bencdidline monk, flourifhrd about 

 the middle of the 13th century. He wrote " a Chronicle," 

 comprehending the whole period, from the beginning of 

 the world to the year \i^(\ which was publiflied with 

 notes, by Rciutccius, in I5y7. Cave. 



Ai.Bi.RT of Stmjliirr, or Albert us ArGitinsis, 

 flourilhed in tiie 14th century, and publiflied in Latin, 

 " A Hillory or Chronicle of j\ffairs from the Ktign of 

 Rodulphus L in 1270 to the Death of Charles 1\'., in 

 1^78." This work, which is faithfully WTittcn, was 

 editc<l by I'lllifius, in a collcclion of authors, who wrote 

 on the allairs of Germany. Voflins. Cave. 



Albkrt, Solomon, a juipil of Fabricius ab Aqua- 

 pendeute, a learned and ingenious anatomill, fludied me- 

 dicine at Wiliimberg, where he waif feveial years pro- 

 fellor. }-Ic is faid to have dilcovcred the valve of the 

 colon, firll in a callor, afterwards more diftinftly in the 

 body of a man, and to have made many other iniprove- 

 mtiits in anatomy. Flaller Riblioth. Anatomic, vol. i. p. 

 251. His works are — " Flifloria, &c. humaui corporis 

 partium in ufum Tyronum edita, figuris illuilrata, Wit- 

 tcnibcrg, 1583. 8vo." The plates, with the excep- 

 tion of two, are from Vtfalius. This work has pafled 

 through feveral editions. " Trcs orationes, quarum 

 tertia agit de difciplina anatomica, qao orfu caeperit, &c. 

 turn de Galeiii libro qui de offibus infcribitur. Annexum 

 ell thema de lachrymanun utilitate in levando ariimi af- 

 fe£lu." NorimbergiE 1585, 8vo. This Difcourfe on the 

 Efficacy of Tears, in alFuaging the AfFeftlons of the 

 Mind, is infeited in HaUer's coUcftion of diHertations. 

 " Onitio de furditate et mutitate ; Norimb. J591. Svo." 

 " Orationts quatuor, de felle reftagnante, de fudore cru- 

 ento, &c. ibid." 1590, &c. He died March 29th, 1600. 

 Hia age is not known. 



Alht-RT, in Gco^rapk'y, a town of France, in the de- 

 partment of Somme, and dillriift of Peronne, five leagues 

 north-eail of Amiens, and four north-weft of Peronne. 



Alberti BoRC-HEGi Asn, Cherueino, in Bingrafhv, an 

 eminent painter and engraver, was born at Borgko S. Sepul- 

 chro in 1 552, and died in 16 15. The rudiments of hifto- 

 rical painting he acquired from his father, Michael Alberti ;. 

 and in this art he made very conliderablc prog-rcfs. His 

 b<;ft works are in Frefco at Rome ; and _ there are alfo- 

 paintings in oil, which are admired for their iudiifious dif- 

 pofitiou, lively and beautiful colouring, and-f.ne expreilion.. 

 His fuperior merit, as an engraver, is alfo acknowledged; and 

 in this refpecl his bell llile of execution feems to have 

 been tounded on the prints of C. Cort and Agoftino Ca- 

 Tacci, whilft in his friezes and other flightcr plates, he was 

 indebted to the works of Francefco Villemena, whofe free- 

 dom of handling the graver is.juftly admired. He worked, 

 entirely, like thefe artifts, with the graver, and feems 

 never to have called in the affiftance of the point. His 

 engravings are never highly finiftied, or powerful in effcit.. 

 The great fault of his time was the httle attention paid to' 

 the chiaro-fcuro. The lights are fcattercd and left un- 

 tiuted, as well upon the diftances, as upon the principal 

 figures of the fore ground, which deftroys the harmony, 

 and prevents the proper gradation of the objefts. The draw- 

 ing of the naked parts of the figui-e, in the works of this 

 aitift, is rarely incorrect: the extremities are well marked; 

 and the characters of the heads generally very ejiprcffive ; 

 but his draperies are apt to be rather lliif and hard. His 



prints 



