ALB 



Vinjj, treommending hi? natural fon to li!s favour, clofcs 

 witii thefc words : " 1 fay nothing of the Indies ; tluy will 

 fpeak for themfelves, and for n.c." Mod. Un. Hill. vol. 

 \iii. p. 43 — 50. 



ALBVQj.'ER(ii'E CoELHO, EowARn, inafqiiis of Baftn, 

 count of Fcrnambuco in Brazil, and gentleman of the 

 chamber to Philip IV. king of Portugal, was dillinguilhtd 

 by his valour in the Portuguefe army, agair.il the Dutch at 

 li'ahia. He wrote a " Joumal of the War," Irom the 

 vear I'ijO, \vhicl\ was printed at Madrid, in 410. in 1654. 

 He died at Madrid, in 1658. Gen. Biog. 



ALBURN, or AuBURN-colour, a whitilh hrown, or a 

 mixt colour, partaking of red and white. Skinner derives 

 the word, in that fcnfe, from the Latin, alius, white ; and 

 the Italian, burno, from hruno, brown. 



ALBURNUM, in Phytolo^\, denotes the white, foft 

 fubilance that lies between the inner bark and the wood of 

 trees, compofed of lavcrs of the former, which have not 

 attained the folidity of the latter. In this Hate, dealers in 

 timber call it the fap. i' 



Albursi'm, in the Linnsean fyftem of Zoology, a fpe- 

 cies of Alcvosium, white, ver)' raniofe, attenuated, and 

 fubdivided, with terminal tubulous pores. It is found in 

 the Indian fea. 



ALBURXUS, in Tduhyology, a fpecies of the Cvpri- 

 Nus of Linnaeus, and the Bleak of Ray and Pennant. 



Alburnus is alfo a fpecies of the Pi rca. 



Alburn us Port us cl Mons, in jincient Geo^rapby, lay 

 to the north of Poclhim, in that part of Magna Grxcia, 

 called Luc;mia. 



ALBUS Pagtts, or /-^/c;//, a village of Arabia, mentioned 

 by Strabo, and called, according to the Greek idiom, 



Albvs pi/ris, in Ichthyology, the white fifh, a name by 

 ■which Sylvian lias diftinguiflied the fifii, more ufually called 

 the capilo-laciijlris, and feeming to be the fame with the 

 bluechub ; or, as it is more generally called, the Jentling. 

 It is the Cvprinus Jtfes oi the Linnxan fyftem. 



ALBUSEIRA, in Geography, a fmall town of Algan-e 

 in Portugal, conlifting of two parifhts, and containing 

 about 1000 inhabitants. It is fituated on the fca-coaft, 

 between Lagos on the north. Faro to tlie eaft, and Sylves 

 to the north. N. lat. 37°. W. long. 3° 2 H. 



Albuseira is alfo a lake in the ifland of Majorca, in 

 the Mediterranean. 



ALBUTIUS, SiLUs {Ca'ius),'m Biography, znorztorof 

 fome celebrity at Rome, in the time of Augulhis, was born 

 at Novara, and advanced to the office of ./Edile ; but re- 

 ceiving a public infult, by being dragged from the tribunal, 

 in confcqucnce of a judgment he pronounced, he left his na- 

 tive place and fettled at Rome. Here he foi-mtd a friendlhip 

 with the orator Munatius Plancus, and afterwards became 

 his rival. In his public pleadings he was too free in the ufe 

 •of rhetorical figures, and funk into difrepute, fo that he 

 renounced the bar. In advanced hfe he returned to Novara, 

 where he laboured under an afthma, and having delivered a 

 difcourfe in juftification of fuicide, he ftarved himfelf to 

 death. The elder Seneca commends him as a man of eminent 

 f robity, for not knowing how to offer or to bear an injury. 

 From a paffage in Quinftilian it appears that he was the 

 author of a treatife on rhetoric. Suetonius de Clar. Orat. 

 c. vi. Qiiiii<a. Inrt. lib. ii. c. v. Gen. Dift. 



Alsutii's, Titus, a Roman philofopher of the Epi- 

 eiircan fcft, flourilhcd about 120 years before Chrill. Hav- 

 ing been educated at Athens, he became fo attached to 

 Grecian manners, that he preferred being regarded as a 

 Greek rather than a Roman. According to Cicero, (Ue 



A L C 



Finibus, lib. i. c. J. and De Oratore, lib. iii. c.43.), Scrvola 

 often rallied him on account of this affeftation. Thus, he 

 compares his ftyle to a kind of inlaid or inolaic work. 

 " Qiiam Icpide lexeis compoftae, ut tcfTorulae omnes 

 Arte pavimento, atque emblematc vermiculato." 

 " How neatly arc his polifli'd words inlaid ! 

 Not nicer (kill the artill lias difplay'd, 

 W'hofe ])atient hand, on fmooth mofaic ground. 

 Figures tliat live and fpeak, has ftrew'd around." 



Whilll he was propraetor of Sardinia, he celebrated a 

 kind of triumph in his province ; and this arrogance induced 

 the fenate to refufe him a " fupplication" or pubhc tliankf. 

 giving to the gods in honour ot his exploits. On his return 

 from Sardinia he was accuied of peculation in his office, and 

 feiitenccd to exile. He withdrev/ to Athens, and devoted his 

 remaining days to the ftudy of philofophy. Although he 

 poffefled fome talents for oratory, they were of the inferior 

 kind ; and he had no claim on the character of a ftatefman 

 or a philofopher. From the farcattic appellation of " Grse- 

 cus Homo," bcftowed upon him by Cicero (in Brut.) he 

 appears to have been an affefted trifier. Gen. Dift. 



Albutius, Aruntius, Calpetanus and Rabrius, 

 four phyficians, all lived in the time of Auguftus, and ac- 

 quired confiderable wealth bv pradtiling medicine at Rome. 

 Haller, Bibl. Med. vol. i. p. '166. 



Albutius, John Peter, a celebrated philofopher and 

 phyfician of the 1 6th century, taught medicine at the Uni- 

 verilty of Padua, for forty years, where he alio praftiltd, we 

 are told, with great reputation and luccefs, particularly in tlie 

 plague which raged in that city, in the year 1577. Fie died 

 Februai-y 14th, 1583, aged 75 years. His fon John Francis, 

 who fuccecdcd him in his practice, procured him to be buried 

 at the church of St. Cuftorga, at Milan, where a handfome 

 monument was railed to his m.emory, with an infcription, at 

 once celebrating his talents, and virtues, the piety of liis 

 fon, and the gratitude of his fellow citizens. 



ALBUZINSKA, a fortrefs which the Czarina poiTeffed 

 on the river Aniura, in Mongalian Tartary, about 1200 

 leagues from Mofcow. 



ALBY. SeeALBi. 



ALCA, in Geography, a fmall and very fertile ifland in 

 the Cafpian fea, on the coafl of Tabriflan. 



Alca, yiui, in Ornithology, a genus of the order of 

 Anferes, in the Linna:au fyftem, and of the Palmipedes, in 

 the diilribution of Latham ; the characters of wiiich arc, 

 that the bill is without teeth, Ihort, comprefied, convex, 

 frequently furrowed tranfverfely ; the inferior mandible is 

 gibbous before the bafe ; the noftrils are behind the bill ; 

 and the feet have generally three toes. This genus compre- 

 hends 12 fpecies, t/'s. 1. A. tonhi, with four furrows on 

 the bill, and a white hne on each fide running from the bill 

 to the eyes. This is the alca of Chilius, Wormius, and 

 Briffon ; the plautus tonfor of KJeiu ; the pingouin of 

 Buffon ; and the razor-bill, auk, or murre of Pennant, Rav, 

 Willughby, Albinus, Edwards, and Latham ; the falk of 

 Martin, and the marrot of Sibbald. This fpecies weighs about 

 22| ounces, its length is about 18 inches, and alar breadth 

 27 ; the bill is two inches long and black ; the grooves of 

 the upper mandible are four, and of the lower three, and the 

 wideft of them is white ; the infide of the mouth is of a fine 

 pale yellow ; the head, throat, and whole upper fide of the bodv 

 are black ; the wings are of the fame colour, except the tips of 

 the leflTer quill-feathers which are white ; the tail conlifts of 1 2 

 black feathers, and is fliarp pointed ; the whole under fide 

 of the body is white, the legs are black. The female, favs 

 Buffon, wants the white ftrcak between the bill and die eye, 



bat 



